The aim of this thesis is to compare DGS European Union member states before the unification of law and analyze the current situation and developments in this area in the European Union with a more detailed focus on the Czech Republic. Another objective is to evaluate the significance of the Deposit Insurance Fund in the Czech Republic and its ability to meet its obligations. At first are given the fundamental characteristics of the elements of context and parameters of deposit insurance. Then it is made a legal analysis of important directives on deposit insurance, which determine the current situation and developments in this area in the European Union. On the basis of events caused by the financial crisis, a single fixed level of insurance coverage had been introduced in the European Union. The thesis contains a comparison of deposit insurance systems of the Member States prior to the unification of this law. Attention is paid to deposit insurance in the Czech Republic. A determined importance of the Deposit Insurance Fund and the characteristics of its activity are also described. Finally, the thesis contains an example describing the Deposit Insurance Fund meeting its commitments to Volksbank CZ, illustrated by the situation where this bank is unable to meet its obligations to beneficiaries.

The purpose of the study was to find the best prediction models of short-term bank CD ratings using financial variables. This study used short-term bank CD ratings assigned by Moody's and Standard and Poor's.

Methodical and detailed excavation of room and feature fill at Homol'ovi I pueblo has allowed for the study of structure and feature closure and dedication practices. At least six reoccurring ash closure deposit types have been identified, and several can be tied to the renewal and re-use of features, structures, and pueblo space. Other ritual closure deposits serve to cover and seal off space, and based on the various colors of sediment, ash, and objects used in the creation of elaborately layered structure and feature fill, the deposits are suggestive of conservation efforts that are connected to traditional Hopi cosmology, color symbolism, and religious ideology. Still other ash closure deposits may have been an element of ritual purification. A large number of plants have prominent roles in traditional Hopi ritual practices. This study specifically explores the plant taxa that are present within the six reoccurring ash closure deposit types, and Hopi ethnography and recent collaborative efforts are used to draw inferences between past and the present plant uses. The closure deposits are compared amongst each other, as well as against non-ritual deposits in an attempt to define patterns of plant use and ritual behavior.

This thesis empirically investigates the bank runs probability cases over the period 2005-2011 on Russian banking market and, simultaneously, tests the hypothesis of influence of bank-fundamental factors and macroeconomic conditions on the decision of depositors to withdraw their funds from banks. Methodologically, was conducted a logit econometric model to test our assumptions. We find evidence on both bank- fundamentals, such as high debt ratio, rising real interest rates, small asset size, and macroeconomic conditions, such as high inflation, and sharp increases in the real exchange rates, to influence on bank runs. In addition, the thesis analyzes the significance of deposit insurance implementation in avoiding bank runs. Moreover, we compare if the newly adopted deposit insurance diminished the credibility of the depositors in the state-controlled banks compared with private banks, thus, increasing the amount of investments to private banks. Finally, based on our approach, the method identifies a run on Russian deposit market during quarter four of 2008 year; however we would not characterize it as a severe run because it did not touch all banks but more as a partial one (approx. 1/3 of banks from the system were affected).

Thesis advisor: Philip E. Strahan / The first essay of this dissertation measures the real effect of increases in local deposit supply on local economic outcomes. To identify this effect, I use exogenous variation in local deposit supply from oil and natural gas shale discoveries. A change in deposit supply should have its largest effect on areas where credit supply frictions are the strongest. I find that the effect is strongest in areas dominated by small banks. The second essay analyzes the investment policies of public and private natural gas firms, and is joint work with Jérôme Taillard. We find that privately held firms are 60% less responsive to natural gas price changes than publicly traded firms. Additionally, we find that private firms do not respond to new shale investment opportunities, whereas public firms do. We believe these results are consistent with private firms having a higher cost of external capital. The third essay empirically tests whether firms increase risk taking activity when they are close to distress due to the risk taking incentives of equity-holders. I find that firms actually reduce risk taking when they are close to distress, and in the years prior to bankruptcy. This evidence suggests that risk reduction incentives may be more important for the average firm as it gets close to distress. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2014. / Submitted to: Boston College. Carroll School of Management. / Discipline: Finance.

This dissertation studies empirical corporate finance problems of regulations and monitoring. The dissertation is composed of three chapters. First, I study how firms deal with business regulations that limit their operations. In the first chapter I exploit a natural experiment in Argentina to show that the ownership structure of a firm affects its degree of compliance with regulations, with publicly listed firms complying more than privately held ones. In 2012 the Argentine government banned companies from transferring funds abroad from their domestic operations. Despite this limitation, companies trying to repatriate capital could still overprice products they import from their headquarters or affiliates. I find that after the regulation, private firms overprice imports by almost 10% and manage to repatriate up to 46% of the profits that would have otherwise remained locked in at the Argentine subsidiary. Listed companies do not exploit this mechanism, showing that listing status affects compliance. The second chapter studies whether the differential cost imposed on listed firms operating in emerging markets by these higher compliance rates is significant. The main empirical challenge is that the cost is firm-time-regulation specific, and, for that reason, it is empirically unfeasible to measure it. I take an alternative route and show that changes in the levels of market regulations impose compliance costs of such magnitude that they shape the patterns of M&A transactions. First, I show that after the regulation studied in Chapter 1, private firms acquired listed ones at an extraordinary pace, while listed firms stopped acquiring private ones. This evidence suggests that the regulation increased the cost of being public. Then, I show that this finding is not specific to the Argentine market but is common across emerging markets. I do so by analyzing the response of M&A transactions to changes in the regulatory intensity of each country. Finally, the third chapter, co-authored with Matthieu Chavaz, studies the effect of deposit insurance on market discipline in a close-to-ideal setting. We exploit the political relationship between the United Kingdom and its Crown Dependencies and use a novel dataset to test this effect. Tracking the price paid for thousands of deposit products between 2007 and 2015, we find that deposit insurance deters discipline. In addition, we provide the first direct test of the interaction between depositors’ attention, deposit insurance, and market discipline. We show that when attention increases, risky banks offer higher rates both to insured and uninsured depositors, but that the effect is stronger for uninsured depositors. These results suggest that discipline is imposed even in the presence of deposit insurance, but only when information becomes salient.

No description available.

Reserve Required System, a monetary policy manipulated by Taiwanese Government has been gradually reduced or even abandoned in global financial market, which eliminates the international competiveness of domestic banking industry. However, the government has no intention in implementing Zero Reserve Requirement. Given current domestic monetary policies as well as system of banking supervision, I propose "Risk-Based Deposit Reserves" for financial authorities implement. Current international usage sets an absolute value of reserve ratio, not in accordance with its operating risk. Therefore I designed a ¡§Five-Level Differential Deposit Reserve System¡¨ based on Capital Adequacy Ratio and Composite Risk Rating Score of the bank. Such innovation will help increase the quality of banks and eliminate unhealthy banks which will strengthen domestic banking industry in challenges of Basel ¢» and its competitiveness.

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A key goal of tsunami research is to quantitatively reconstruct flow parameters from paleotsunami deposits in order to better understand the geohazards of coastal areas. These reconstructions rely on grain-size and thickness measurements of tsunami deposits, combined with simple models that allow an inversion from deposit characteristics to wave characteristics. I conducted flume experiments to produce a data set that can be used to evaluate inversion models for tsunami deposition under controlled boundary conditions. Key variables in the flume experiments are sediment grain-size distribution, flow velocity and depth, and depth of water ponded in the flume before the tsunami bore was released. Physical experiments were run in a 32 m-long outdoor flume at The University of Texas at Austin. The flume has a head box with a specialized mechanical lift gate that allows instantaneous release of water to create a bore. Various sediment mixtures (silt to very coarse sand) are introduced to the upstream end of the channel as a low dune positioned just below the lift gate. The bore entrained the sediment mixture, producing an unambiguous suspension-dominated deposit in the downstream half of the channel. Deposits were sampled for grain-size and thickness trends. The experimental results capture characteristics of many recent and paleotsunami deposits, including consistent fining in the transport direction. In addition to overall fining, trends in deposit sorting and coarse (D95) and fine (D10) fractions reveal the importance of sediment-source grain-size distribution on tsunami deposit attributes. / text