Reliability and repeatability are fundamental concepts in ultrasonic nondestructive testing. An inspection technique must be able to accurately detect, characterize, position and size any defect indication. In manual ultrasonic inspection, however, the operator can be a frequent source of error. Mistakes often arise due to the volume of information the operator must memorize and process. Existing solutions require mechanical probe manipulators that restrict the operator's movements and often require changes to trusted methods and procedures. The aim of this research programme was to investigate the potential of a computer system that assists the operator in the analysis of echodynamic patterns. The system allows the operator to record A-scan sequences, store them to disk, and recall them for review. The system's flexible user interface gives the operator freedom to retain existing inspection practices, in addition to the benefits of computer recording. A novel feature of the system was a speech recognition system to provide hands-free control, which minimizes disruption to the flow of the inspection. Trials were conducted to assess the recognizer's reliability under various conditions. The trials showed that focusing upon echodynamic pattern analysis is a valid and useful approach. Only a limited trial was conducted, however, so the research program was not able to conclusively show that the system will reduce operator errors or improve inspection reliability. In user testing sessions, operators agreed that such a system would be helpful during a manual inspection and there were few objections to the imposition of new hardware. Users quickly became used to the speech recognizer, and the speed of interaction and 'flow' of inspection were greatly enhanced. The author suggests that a computerized assistant is worthy of further development, and has the potential to be a valuable tool in manual ultrasonic inspection.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1982. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaf 89).

Where the evaluation of the mechanical properties and behaviour of building materials is concerned, there is still not a universally accepted solution for making such measurements. Optical diagnostic techniques are particularly attractive for a non-destructive evaluation of a surface's state and the detection of incipient damage. Non-contact, high precision measurements and full-field of observation are features that can bring enormous advantages in experimental tests.

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Techniques for the generation of quantitative ultrasonic images in non-destructive testing have generally involved a substantial cost in terms of data storage and computational time, and have thus found limited application. Preference has therefore been given to the more straightforward imaging methods, such as main beam projection, which detect the presence of defects and provide a limited flaw sizing capability. The relatively small number of flaws requiring detailed examination, coupled with substantial increases in available data storage and computational power, have made it possible to use a number of straightforward tomographic reconstruction methods to produce high resolution images of flaws contained within the material under examination. A set of these images are then fused together using a novel fuzzy logic image fusion technique into a single image from which more accurate measurements of flaw size, shape and orientation can be made. However, if the quality of the raw A-scan data is not sufficiently high then the data will be filtered using Maximum Likelihood Deconvolution (MLD). The aim of this blind deconvolution method is to improve the time resolution and Signal to Noise Ratio of the A-scan data with only knowledge obtained from the data, this is in contrast to the majority of techniques currently used for this purpose. The three tomographic methods which have been implemented in this work are Reflection tomography, Time-of-flight Diffraction tomography and Transmission tomography. In addition a Single Bounce Image Enhancement method has been developed to improve the images. Selection of images used in the fusion process depends on the nature of the flaw, as each of these methods identifies different characteristics of the flaw shape. The components of the imaging system have been validated experimentally by the generation of high resolution images from a variety of flaws contained within cylindrical aluminium test specimens.