Alpine vegetation is the plant communities above the treeline. Alpine vegetation in Taiwan, distributing throughout Central Mountains, Yushan Mountains and Sheishan Mountains, covers an area of 100 000 ha. There are about seven hundreds of vegetation literatures in Taiwan. However literatures about classification of alpine vegetation are very few. Therefore we must increase studies of alpine vegetation to understand its distribution in Taiwan more. The study selected alpine vegetation in Yushan National Park as study area and surveyed floristic composition and distribution. The vegetation sampled based on relevé method and species cover estimated using the Braun- Blanquet cover-abundance scale. Analysis methods of vegetation classification are two-way indicator species analysis, nom-metric multidimentional scaling and diagnostic species determination. We recognized seven vegetation types: Solidago virgaurea var. leiocarpa herb vegetation type, Lycopodium clavatum herb vegetation type, Scabiosa lacerifolia herb vegetation type, Pieris taiwanensis shrub vegetation type, Rhododendron pseudochrysanthum shrub vegetation type, Gentiana horaimontana rock vegetation type and Brachypodium kawakamii rock vegetation type. The classification will be helpful for Yushan National Park on management and conservation. Besides, the data will be useful for detecting the effects of climatic changes threat to alpine vegetation.