The thesis analyses the influence of reimbursement regulatory fee for hospitalization which was introduced in regional hospitals in 2009 in Czech Republic. The difference in difference analysis was used to research the possible relationship between reimbursement of the fee and length of hospitalization in acute care hospitals and in after-care facilities. In acute care the influence was 0,5-1 % of the length and in after-care facilities between 8-12 %. This relationship may be biased because of introduction of DRG system which may decrease the length of stay and may be differently distributed between treatment and control group.

健保自開辦以來提供產婦十次免費產前檢查，期望透過免費產檢，確保產婦不因經濟因素而無法使用產檢服務。然而，受限於產婦個人年齡、職業及居住地區等影響，產檢利用仍可能存在實質的「健康不均等」。本文透過差異中差異模型（difference-in-differences estimator，DID）檢視城市和鄉村、就業與否、以及不同年齡層間產婦的健康不均等的現象是否隨健保實施而縮小。估計結果顯示健保實行並無顯著改善都市和鄉村、工作與否，或24歲以下產婦的健康不均等，不論是以平均產檢次數、刪除極端值平均次數，或十次以上產檢比例均呈現一致性的結果。另外，由於SARS疫情，2004年分娩孕婦產檢次數皆下降，但下降幅度卻是以居住鄉村、無工作者、和20~24歲年輕孕婦最大，顯示這些社群最容易受外在衝擊的影響。