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Natural disasters disproportionately affect older adults, resulting in worse outcomes compared to younger age groups. This highlights the need for effective interventions to reduce mortality rates among the elderly population during natural disasters. This literature review explores the various strategies aimed at protecting and supporting the elderly population by searching through the databases PubMed and Google Scholar. The search strategy included key terms related to the elderly population, strategies, and natural disasters. Articles meeting the inclusion criteria are reviewed to identify common strategies utilized in reducing elderly mortality during disasters. The findings highlight various categories of strategies, including education and awareness programs, community-based initiatives, infrastructure improvements, and technological advancements. These interventions demonstrate potential for enhancing outcomes among older adults during disasters. The implications of these findings for policy development, disaster preparedness, and future research are also discussed.

Thesis (M.S.)--Boston University / PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you. / This thesis undertakes an analysis of alleged unfair foreign trade practices and examines what public relations responses were revealed by three domestic steel corporations. One of the most frequent techniques practiced by a number of European and Asian nations was wire rod dumping, or the practice of selling rods in different markets at adjusted prices. When Japanese trade interests began to introduce goods in United States markets at prices below the price of domestic steel goods, U.S. producers began a public relations program which extended from special tabloid newspapers to testimony before several federal agencies. The central objective of the study was to establish and examine the role of public relations in the dumping crisis. Research methodology was primarily a case study approach to the working public relations programs of the three domestic programs. Press releases, employee publications, and speech materials were reviewed for each firm. Each firm was analyzed in terms of pUblic relations objectives, selection of primary and secondary publics, communications strategy, and public relations results. A cursory examination of the role of the steel industry's trade association, the American Iron and Steel Institute, was also conducted. A final summarization then graphically outlined a proposed communications pattern between the Iron and Steel Institute and its member companies. Conclusions or the study indicated a need for a greater definition of public relation's role in international trade, a lack of economic knowledge among public relations personnel engaged in the corporate programs, a need for greater attitude research and the necessity of a more responsive framework of communications between the American Iron and Steel Institute and member steel companies. / 2999-01-01

Worldwide, the risks from natural and technological hazards has been mounting at an accelerating rate, improvements in forecasting and warning systems have reduced deaths, however monetary losses from disasters are overwhelming (Burby, 2004). Pre event planning for recovery helps to resolve issues before a disaster so recovery is more efficient and effective. It also ensures that the window of opportunity can be used to implement hazard mitigation measures to reduce the vulnerability of the area with the aim of improving resilience for the next disaster. International case studies were examined, the Northridge earthquake being the most successful recovery while Hurricane Katrina the least. The recovery of the Napier 1931 earthquake was chosen as a New Zealand case study; to date this is the country's worst disaster. Overall the recovery of Napier was a success, shops were opened in temporary premises to keep the economy going and mitigation measures were included in the rebuilding. The earthquake has had important flow on effects on the way that disasters are managed in New Zealand. To create pre event plans in New Zealand legislation needs to be modified, including recovery plans and development of shortcuts to reduce some procedures which lengthen the recovery process. These plans need to take into account our national vulnerability as well as regional vulnerabilities.

On August 29th, 2005, Hurricane Katrina made landfall near New Orleans, LA, causing catastrophic damage to the metropolitan area. The hurricane also exposed many of the racial, ethnic, and class-based vulnerabilities experienced by many New Orleanians. However, as is typically the case, gender was ignored in most media accounts in the aftermath of the disaster. This project examines the gendered dimensions of the disaster experience using New Orleans and Hurricane Katrina as a case study. Evidence from University of New Orleans Survey Research data indicates various gender differences from the initial response to the recovery efforts months later. Few gender differences were found regarding physical loss and displacement after the storm; however, psychological effects did often differ along gender lines, with women more likely than men to experience psychological symptoms directly after the storm, while men were likely than women to be affected approximately one year later. Interestingly, gender differences in evacuation plans and behavior varied according to whether or not a disaster had recently occurred. Prior to Hurricane Katrina, women were more likely than men to report having evacuated for Hurricane Georges, though no other variable was statistically significant. After Katrina, men were more likely than women to have an evacuation plan in place, while women were more likely than men to report a willingness to evacuate when recommended by local level officials, which they did when Hurricane Rita threatened the area. Public policy implications are discussed.