O Problema do Multicorte Dirigido Mínimo é um problema clássico em otimização combinatória. Ele é NP-difícil mesmo para instâncias muito simples. Este trabalho faz uma análise dos algoritmos exatos e de aproximação para resolver o problema. Também implementa alguns desses algoritmos e compara seus desempenhos. / The directed multicut problem is a classical problem in combinatorial optimization. It is NP-hard even for very simple families of instances. This work makes an analysis of the exact and approximation algorithms for the problem. It also implements some of these algorithms and compares their performances.

O Problema do Multicorte Dirigido Mínimo é um problema clássico em otimização combinatória. Ele é NP-difícil mesmo para instâncias muito simples. Este trabalho faz uma análise dos algoritmos exatos e de aproximação para resolver o problema. Também implementa alguns desses algoritmos e compara seus desempenhos. / The directed multicut problem is a classical problem in combinatorial optimization. It is NP-hard even for very simple families of instances. This work makes an analysis of the exact and approximation algorithms for the problem. It also implements some of these algorithms and compares their performances.

This graduation theses shows some of possible versions of outdoor switchgears with very high voltage, especially on the level 123 kV both concerning own complement of classic outdoor switchgears with devices as are overvoltages limiter, disconnecting switchgears, circuit breakers, etc., and compact connections. In the introduction of my theses there are explained basic ideas and theories of switchgears and described main devices and equipments which create classic (from equipment setting point of view) outdoor switchgears of very high voltage. Subsequently it describes possible ways of linking-up of these devices in the complex of switchgears themselves according to possible dispositions arranged and busbars systems. The same focus is dedicated to new, non-classic (non-standard solution in terms of devices solution), compact solving of outdoor very high voltage modules either by air isolated or by means of enclosed technology with gas SF6 which represent innovative solving first of all from reduction of built up area point of view which is very important from economic point of view especially during constructions of new switchgears. In the end of my theses there are mentioned also brief evaluations of producers and economics for development and operation of individual technologies. I used for my work materials of companies CEZ, a. s., Siemens, a. s. and Abb, a.s.