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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Electron beam diagnosis for weld quality assurance

Kaur, Aman P. January 2016 (has links)
Electron beam welding is used for fabricating critical components for the aerospace and nuclear industries which demand high quality. The cost of materials and associated processes of fabrication is also very high. Therefore, manufacturing processes in these industries are highly controlled. However, it has been found that even minor changes in the electron beam gun itself can produce large variations in beam characteristics, leading to unpredictable welding performance. Hence, it is very important to ensure the beam quality prior to carrying out welds. This requires some kind of device and process to characterise the electron beam to indicate variations. A detailed review of different technologies used to develop devices to characterise electron beams has been carried out. At this time, it is uncommon for beam measurement to be carried out on production EBW equipment. Research carried out for this thesis is focused on development of a novel approach to characterise the electron beams using a slit-probe to maintain the quality of the welds. The challenge lies in deriving relevant features from the acquired probe signal which can effectively differentiate between the beams of different quality. Wavelet transformation, with its advantages over other methods for simultaneous time and frequency localization of signals, has found its application to feature extraction in many pattern based classifications. This technique has been used to analyse probe signals considering that different quality beams will possess unique signal profiles in the form of their distribution of energies with respect to frequency and time. To achieve the aim of the thesis, an experimental approach was used by carrying out melt runs on Ti-6Al-4V plates focusing on aerospace requirements, and varying beam properties and acquiring probe signals for all beam settings. Extracted features from the probe signals have been used in classification of the electron beams to ensure these will produce welds within the tolerance limits specified by aerospace standards for quality assurance. The features vector was compiled following statistical analysis to find the significant beam characteristics. By analysing the performance of classifier for different combination of parameters of the features vector, the optimum classification rate of 89.8% was achieved by using the parameters derived from wavelet coefficients for different decomposition levels. This work showed that the use of wavelet analysis and classification using features vectors enabled identification of beams that would produce welds out-of-tolerance. Keywords: Electron beam welding, probe devices, electron beam characterisation, quality assurance, wavelet transform, features vector, linear discriminant classifier, weld profiles, weld defects.
2

Impacto da intensidade de pastejo na produtividade da soja em integração com bovinos de corte / Impact of grazing intensity on soybean yield integrated with beef cattle

Caetano, Luis Augusto Martins January 2017 (has links)
A intensidade de pastejo pode ser reconhecida como primordial na formação do potencial produtivo da lavoura em sistemas integrados de produção agropecuária (SIPA). Neste estudo, objetivamos entender como diferentes intensidades de pastejo definem a produtividade da soja em SIPA. O trabalho está inserido em um protocolo experimental de longa duração iniciado em 2001, no estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Os tratamentos são definidos durante a fase pastagem, arranjados em um delineamento de blocos completamente casualizados com três repetições em diferentes intensidades de pastejo por novilhos em pasto misto de azevém anual e aveia: pastejo intenso (P10), pastejo moderado (P20), pastejo moderado-leve (P30), pastejo leve (P40) e ausência de pastejo (SP) e ausência de pastejo (SP). A soja foi semeada após a saída dos animais e os dados coletadas durante a safra 2015/16. A inserção do animal não afetou a produtividade da soja (P=0,0570). Análises de cluster e discriminante foram utilizadas no estudo da variação na produtividade. O cluster hierárquico agrupou valores de produtividade em três grupos, alta (CA), intermediária (CI) e baixa (CB), baseado em suas similaridades. Os atributos químicos não foram limitantes da produtividade. O residual da pastagem exerceu papel central na construção do potencial produtivo (P<0,001). A maior população de plantas foi encontrada no CB (P<0,001), com número inferior de legumes por área, frente aos demais cluster (P<0,001). A plasticidade fenotípica da soja explica a compensação pela modificação da arquitetura do estande de plantas nos clusters CA e CI, resultando na maior formação de legumes por planta (P<0,05). Pela análise de cluster observou-se que o P10 não apresenta valores de alta produtividade ao contrário do SP que não possui valores de produtividade baixa. Quase metade dos valores observado no P40 são mais produtividade enquanto, o P20 e P30 tendem a apresentar maior homogeneidade na distribuição entre os clusters. A análise discriminante definiu parâmetros que mais explicam a variação entre os clusters Através da função stepwise encontramos cinco variáveis (residual da pastagem, fósforo, altura final - R8, nós por ramos, legumes por área) que explicam a maioria da variação. O modelo para predizer a produtividade da soja, a partir das variáveis explicativas avaliadas a campo selecionadas pela análise discriminante, demostrou a acurácia na predição da produtividade espacial, em sistemas integrados de produção agropecuária com diferentes intensidades de pastejo, sob plantio direto na palha. / Grazing intensity can be considered essential to the potential productivity of crops in integrated crop-livestock systems (ICLS). In this study, we aimed to understand how differents grazing intensity defines the subsequent productivity of soybeans in ICLS. The work forms part of a long-term experimental protocol dating from 2001 in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. Treatments were defined during the pasture phase, arranged in a completely randomized block design with three replicates under different grazing intensities by steers on Italian ryegrass and black oat mixed pastures: intense grazing (G10), moderate grazing (G20), moderate-light grazing (G30), light grazing (P40), and an ungrazed control (UG). Soybean was planted after exit of the animals and data were collected during the 2015/16 season. The integration of animals did not affect soybean productivity (P=0.0570). Cluster and discrimination analyses were used to study variation in productivity. The cluster hierarchy returned three groups of productivity values: high (HC), intermediate (IC), and low (LC), based on their similarities. Chemical attributes were not limiting to productivity. Pasture residue played a central role in the determination of potential productivity (P<0.001). The greatest plant population was found in the LC (P<0.001), while more pods per plant were found in the HC and IC (P<0.001). This result is explained by the phenotypic plasticity of soybean, which allows it to compensate for lower plant population by modifying plant stand architecture. The cluster analysis revealed that G10 did not present high productivity values, as opposed to UG, which did not contain low productivity values. Nearly half of the values observed in G40 were more productive, while G20 and G30 tended to produce greater homogeneity in the distribution among clusters. A discrimination analysis defined the parameters that explain the greatest part of the variation among clusters. Using a stepwise function, we found five variables (pasture residue, phosphorus, final plant height at R8, nodes per branch, and pods per area) that explained most of the variation. The model to predict soybean productivity, using the explanatory field variables selected by the discrimination analysis, demonstrated accuracy in the prediction of spatial productivity in ICLS with different grazing intensities under no-till.
3

Impacto da intensidade de pastejo na produtividade da soja em integração com bovinos de corte / Impact of grazing intensity on soybean yield integrated with beef cattle

Caetano, Luis Augusto Martins January 2017 (has links)
A intensidade de pastejo pode ser reconhecida como primordial na formação do potencial produtivo da lavoura em sistemas integrados de produção agropecuária (SIPA). Neste estudo, objetivamos entender como diferentes intensidades de pastejo definem a produtividade da soja em SIPA. O trabalho está inserido em um protocolo experimental de longa duração iniciado em 2001, no estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Os tratamentos são definidos durante a fase pastagem, arranjados em um delineamento de blocos completamente casualizados com três repetições em diferentes intensidades de pastejo por novilhos em pasto misto de azevém anual e aveia: pastejo intenso (P10), pastejo moderado (P20), pastejo moderado-leve (P30), pastejo leve (P40) e ausência de pastejo (SP) e ausência de pastejo (SP). A soja foi semeada após a saída dos animais e os dados coletadas durante a safra 2015/16. A inserção do animal não afetou a produtividade da soja (P=0,0570). Análises de cluster e discriminante foram utilizadas no estudo da variação na produtividade. O cluster hierárquico agrupou valores de produtividade em três grupos, alta (CA), intermediária (CI) e baixa (CB), baseado em suas similaridades. Os atributos químicos não foram limitantes da produtividade. O residual da pastagem exerceu papel central na construção do potencial produtivo (P<0,001). A maior população de plantas foi encontrada no CB (P<0,001), com número inferior de legumes por área, frente aos demais cluster (P<0,001). A plasticidade fenotípica da soja explica a compensação pela modificação da arquitetura do estande de plantas nos clusters CA e CI, resultando na maior formação de legumes por planta (P<0,05). Pela análise de cluster observou-se que o P10 não apresenta valores de alta produtividade ao contrário do SP que não possui valores de produtividade baixa. Quase metade dos valores observado no P40 são mais produtividade enquanto, o P20 e P30 tendem a apresentar maior homogeneidade na distribuição entre os clusters. A análise discriminante definiu parâmetros que mais explicam a variação entre os clusters Através da função stepwise encontramos cinco variáveis (residual da pastagem, fósforo, altura final - R8, nós por ramos, legumes por área) que explicam a maioria da variação. O modelo para predizer a produtividade da soja, a partir das variáveis explicativas avaliadas a campo selecionadas pela análise discriminante, demostrou a acurácia na predição da produtividade espacial, em sistemas integrados de produção agropecuária com diferentes intensidades de pastejo, sob plantio direto na palha. / Grazing intensity can be considered essential to the potential productivity of crops in integrated crop-livestock systems (ICLS). In this study, we aimed to understand how differents grazing intensity defines the subsequent productivity of soybeans in ICLS. The work forms part of a long-term experimental protocol dating from 2001 in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. Treatments were defined during the pasture phase, arranged in a completely randomized block design with three replicates under different grazing intensities by steers on Italian ryegrass and black oat mixed pastures: intense grazing (G10), moderate grazing (G20), moderate-light grazing (G30), light grazing (P40), and an ungrazed control (UG). Soybean was planted after exit of the animals and data were collected during the 2015/16 season. The integration of animals did not affect soybean productivity (P=0.0570). Cluster and discrimination analyses were used to study variation in productivity. The cluster hierarchy returned three groups of productivity values: high (HC), intermediate (IC), and low (LC), based on their similarities. Chemical attributes were not limiting to productivity. Pasture residue played a central role in the determination of potential productivity (P<0.001). The greatest plant population was found in the LC (P<0.001), while more pods per plant were found in the HC and IC (P<0.001). This result is explained by the phenotypic plasticity of soybean, which allows it to compensate for lower plant population by modifying plant stand architecture. The cluster analysis revealed that G10 did not present high productivity values, as opposed to UG, which did not contain low productivity values. Nearly half of the values observed in G40 were more productive, while G20 and G30 tended to produce greater homogeneity in the distribution among clusters. A discrimination analysis defined the parameters that explain the greatest part of the variation among clusters. Using a stepwise function, we found five variables (pasture residue, phosphorus, final plant height at R8, nodes per branch, and pods per area) that explained most of the variation. The model to predict soybean productivity, using the explanatory field variables selected by the discrimination analysis, demonstrated accuracy in the prediction of spatial productivity in ICLS with different grazing intensities under no-till.
4

Impacto da intensidade de pastejo na produtividade da soja em integração com bovinos de corte / Impact of grazing intensity on soybean yield integrated with beef cattle

Caetano, Luis Augusto Martins January 2017 (has links)
A intensidade de pastejo pode ser reconhecida como primordial na formação do potencial produtivo da lavoura em sistemas integrados de produção agropecuária (SIPA). Neste estudo, objetivamos entender como diferentes intensidades de pastejo definem a produtividade da soja em SIPA. O trabalho está inserido em um protocolo experimental de longa duração iniciado em 2001, no estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Os tratamentos são definidos durante a fase pastagem, arranjados em um delineamento de blocos completamente casualizados com três repetições em diferentes intensidades de pastejo por novilhos em pasto misto de azevém anual e aveia: pastejo intenso (P10), pastejo moderado (P20), pastejo moderado-leve (P30), pastejo leve (P40) e ausência de pastejo (SP) e ausência de pastejo (SP). A soja foi semeada após a saída dos animais e os dados coletadas durante a safra 2015/16. A inserção do animal não afetou a produtividade da soja (P=0,0570). Análises de cluster e discriminante foram utilizadas no estudo da variação na produtividade. O cluster hierárquico agrupou valores de produtividade em três grupos, alta (CA), intermediária (CI) e baixa (CB), baseado em suas similaridades. Os atributos químicos não foram limitantes da produtividade. O residual da pastagem exerceu papel central na construção do potencial produtivo (P<0,001). A maior população de plantas foi encontrada no CB (P<0,001), com número inferior de legumes por área, frente aos demais cluster (P<0,001). A plasticidade fenotípica da soja explica a compensação pela modificação da arquitetura do estande de plantas nos clusters CA e CI, resultando na maior formação de legumes por planta (P<0,05). Pela análise de cluster observou-se que o P10 não apresenta valores de alta produtividade ao contrário do SP que não possui valores de produtividade baixa. Quase metade dos valores observado no P40 são mais produtividade enquanto, o P20 e P30 tendem a apresentar maior homogeneidade na distribuição entre os clusters. A análise discriminante definiu parâmetros que mais explicam a variação entre os clusters Através da função stepwise encontramos cinco variáveis (residual da pastagem, fósforo, altura final - R8, nós por ramos, legumes por área) que explicam a maioria da variação. O modelo para predizer a produtividade da soja, a partir das variáveis explicativas avaliadas a campo selecionadas pela análise discriminante, demostrou a acurácia na predição da produtividade espacial, em sistemas integrados de produção agropecuária com diferentes intensidades de pastejo, sob plantio direto na palha. / Grazing intensity can be considered essential to the potential productivity of crops in integrated crop-livestock systems (ICLS). In this study, we aimed to understand how differents grazing intensity defines the subsequent productivity of soybeans in ICLS. The work forms part of a long-term experimental protocol dating from 2001 in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. Treatments were defined during the pasture phase, arranged in a completely randomized block design with three replicates under different grazing intensities by steers on Italian ryegrass and black oat mixed pastures: intense grazing (G10), moderate grazing (G20), moderate-light grazing (G30), light grazing (P40), and an ungrazed control (UG). Soybean was planted after exit of the animals and data were collected during the 2015/16 season. The integration of animals did not affect soybean productivity (P=0.0570). Cluster and discrimination analyses were used to study variation in productivity. The cluster hierarchy returned three groups of productivity values: high (HC), intermediate (IC), and low (LC), based on their similarities. Chemical attributes were not limiting to productivity. Pasture residue played a central role in the determination of potential productivity (P<0.001). The greatest plant population was found in the LC (P<0.001), while more pods per plant were found in the HC and IC (P<0.001). This result is explained by the phenotypic plasticity of soybean, which allows it to compensate for lower plant population by modifying plant stand architecture. The cluster analysis revealed that G10 did not present high productivity values, as opposed to UG, which did not contain low productivity values. Nearly half of the values observed in G40 were more productive, while G20 and G30 tended to produce greater homogeneity in the distribution among clusters. A discrimination analysis defined the parameters that explain the greatest part of the variation among clusters. Using a stepwise function, we found five variables (pasture residue, phosphorus, final plant height at R8, nodes per branch, and pods per area) that explained most of the variation. The model to predict soybean productivity, using the explanatory field variables selected by the discrimination analysis, demonstrated accuracy in the prediction of spatial productivity in ICLS with different grazing intensities under no-till.
5

Modelování predikce bankrotu stavebních podniků / Bankruptcy prediction modelling in construction business

Burdych, Filip January 2017 (has links)
This master thesis deals with bankruptcy prediction models for construction companies doing business in Czech Republic. Terms important for understanding the issue are defined in the theoretical part. In analytical part, there are five current bankruptcy prediction models tested on the analysed sample and resulted accuracy compared with original ones. On the basis of knowledges acquired, there is developed a brand-new bankruptcy prediction model.
6

Měření úvěrového rizika podniků zpracovatelského průmyslu v České republice / Credit Risk Measurement in Manufacturing Industry Companies in the Czech Republic

Karas, Michal January 2013 (has links)
The purpose of this doctoral thesis is to create a new bankruptcy prediction model and also to design how to use this model for the purposes of credit risk measuring. The starting-point of this work is the analysis of traditional bankruptcy models. It was found out that the traditional bankruptcy model are not enough effective in the current economic conditions and it is necessary to create a new ones. Based on the identified deficiencies of the traditional models a set of two new model series was created. The first series of the created models is based on the use of parametric methods, and the second one is based on the use of newer nonparametric approach. Moreover, a set of factors which are able to identify an imminent bankruptcy was analyzed. It was found, that significant signs of imminent bankruptcy can be identified even five years before the bankruptcy occurs. Based on these findings a new model was created. This model incorporates variables of static and even dynamic character for bankruptcy prediction purposes. The overall classification accuracy of this model is 92.27% of correctly classified active companies and 95.65% of correctly classified bankrupt companies.

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