Thesis (M.A.) - Carleton University, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 56-64). Also available in electronic format on the Internet.

No description available.

Thesis(MSoc.Sci (EAP))--University of Pretoria, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references.

Virginia's temperate climate is suitable for several mosquito species capable of transmitting pathogens to humans. In southwest Virginia, La Crosse encephalitis and West Nile fever are most prominent. The objective of this research, which uses the Health Belief Model (HBM) as a theoretical framework, is to assess knowledge of mosquito-borne disease in southwest Virginia, as well as perceptions and practices of mosquito prevention. Given that several cases of La Crosse encephalitis have been reported in Wise and Tazewell counties, they were selected as study sites to conduct surveys. Five demographic and socioeconomic variables (gender, age, income, education level and length of time one has lived in the county) were used as predictor variables in logistic regression analyses. Gender, age, and length of residence time in the county were found to be statistically significant predictors of specific health-related behaviors. Within the framework of the HBM, barriers to removing standing water around the home and wearing insect repellent were highlighted. Knowledge of mosquito-borne diseases within the area was generally low, with only one individual correctly identifying La Crosse encephalitis as a threat in the region. Higher numbers (6%) were aware of West Nile virus, while 4% reported malaria in the region, demonstrating a disconnect between actual and perceived risk. These results can enhance existing public health programs by increasing knowledge, addressing public uncertainty about insect repellent safety, and addressing ways to make recommended practices more effective with the knowledge of how different aspects are perceived by varying groups within the community. / Master of Science

L’objectif de cette thèse était de déterminer si différentes psychothérapies préopératoires, et notamment une prise en charge de restructuration cognitive, avaient un impact sur le profil psychiatrique et psychologique de patients parkinsoniens subissant une stimulation cérébrale profonde des noyaux sous thalamiques. On cherchait d’une part à montrer l’impact de cette prise en charge restructurative sur les variables psychiatriques (dépression, anxiété, apathie), la perception de la maladie et les attentes concernant le résultat de la chirurgie, le déploiement de stratégies de coping, la qualité de vie et l’adaptation sociale. On cherchait, d’autre part, à déterminer l’interaction entre les capacités neuropsychologiques et le bénéfice que les patients pouvaient retirer de la prise en charge restructurative. Il apparaît que la prise en charge psychothérapique préopératoire, surtout restructurative, permette aux patients de moduler leur perception de la maladie et leurs attentes du résultat de la chirurgie. Certaines variables de la qualité de vie, notamment des variables mentales, apparaissent également plus améliorées chez les patients ayant bénéficié de la restructuration cognitive. L’ensemble des patients présente une utilisation forte de stratégies d’adaptation basée sur le soutien instrumental en préopératoire, alors qu’ils utilisent davantage la stratégie d’adaptation basée sur l’accommodation à leurs troubles en postopératoire. Par ailleurs, il existe un lien entre les performances neuropsychologiques et le bénéfice de la prise en charge psychothérapique préopératoire, à savoir la préservation des capacités exécutives de déduction, d’adaptation à un feedback, de conceptualisation et de mémoire de travail ainsi qu’une préservation des capacités mnésiques épisodiques verbales, sont liées à un meilleur bénéfice de la prise en charge psychothérapique sur la perception de la maladie et les attentes du résultat de la chirurgie. On n’observe pas d’impact de la prise en charge préopératoire sur le profil psychiatrique ou l’adaptation sociale. / The purpose of this thesis was to determine the impact of different preoperative psychotherapies, particularly one based on cognitive restructuration, on the psychiatric and psychological profile of parkinson’s disease patients candidate to deep brain stimulation. On the one hand, we wanted to determine the impact of the restructurative therapy on psychiatric variables (depression, anxiety, apathy), disease perception, expectations for surgery, coping strategies, quality of life and social adjustment. On the other hand, we wanted to determine the possible interaction between neuropsychological variables and the impact of cognitiverestructuration. Parkinsonian patients can modulate their disease perception and their expectations toward the result of surgery, thanks to preoperative preparation, notably the restructurative one. Some quality of life variables, in particular the mental one, seem to be more improved after cognitive restructuration. The whole sample uses higher instrumental support preoperatively, whereas they use more accomodation strategy based on acceptation postoperatively. What is more, neuropsychological performances and impact of preoperative psychotherapy seem to be linked, as preservation of deducation, conceptualisation, feedback adaptation, working memory, are linked to a better impact of psychotherapy on disease perception and surgical expectations. No impact of preoperative preparation on psychiatric profile or social adjustment was observed.