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Silver was evaluated as disinfectant to maintain water quality in water distribution system. It was used to inhibit growth of two opportunistic bacteria in planktonik form and in biofilm formation in Robbins devices with stainless steel and PVC surfaces. The results of this work show that silver is a potential secondary disinfectant to be used in water distribution systems

<p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of water treatment processes of two drinking water plants to remove immunotoxins and steroid hormones. Raw and treated drinking water was screened for effects on inflammatory activity using the biomarker IL-6, humoral immunity using the biomarker IL-10 and cell mediated immunity using the biomarker IFN-&gamma / . In vitro human whole blood culture assays were used in order to elucidate potential immunotoxicity.</p>

The characteristics and applications of a novel design of a thin film photocontactor based on the principle of irradiating a 'water bell' with ultraviolet (UV) light a,e considered in this work. Measurements of UV doses received by the liquid films in single passes were made using both actinometric and bioassay-based methods. The chemical actinometer employed was potassium ferrioxalate (K,Fe(C,o.l,)) and the microorganisms used in the bioassay were Pseudomonas stutzeri (mRG) and a repair-deficient strain of Escherichia coli (NCIMB 11190). Good agreement was obtained between the doses measured using actinometry and the E. coli-based bioassay. At higher doses, good agreement was also obtained for the dose estimates made using actinometry and the Ps. stutzeri bioassay. In addition, a hydrodynamic water bell model, previously developed in the literature, was combined with a UV intensity model to predict UV doses with generally good results. Microbially contaminated metal working fluids were identified as a suitable medium for disinfection using the thin film contactor because they are not treatable using conventional UV contactors, and because the systems employed in industry vary widely in scale. Batches of contaminated emulsion ranging in volume from 200 to 1000 L were successfully disinfected. Representative members of the microbial population were isolated, and their changing status throughout treatment recorded. Against expectations, the population showed no capacity for the post-irradiation repair of UV-induced damage. A simplified disinfection model was established in order to model the treatment of batches of contaminated metal working fluids. Preliminary predictions made using a combination of experimental data for the population as a whole and that for individual species coupled with that generated using the hydrodynamic bell model, gave encouraging results.

Thesis (M.P.H.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Public Health, 1998. / Copies of author's previously published articles inserted. Bibliography: p. 117-120.

Thesis (Ph.D.) -- Australian National University, The National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, 2001. / Bibliography: leaves 263-270.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Michigan State University. Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2006. / Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on June 19, 2009) Includes bibliographical references. Also issued in print.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1968. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Doctoral)--Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität zu Münster i Westf., 1934.

Thesis (Doctoral)--Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität zu Münster i Westf., 1934.