Distress proneness, as indicated by the personality trait neuroticism, has been linked with increased rates of a variety of age-related cognitive pathologies. The current study examined changes in cognitive ability over a six-year period in a 66-year-old cohort of aging individuals classified as highly distress prone. The sample population was drawn from the Swedish National study of Aging and Care database. The results of this paper indicate that distress proneness did not significantly impact cognitive decline over a six-year period in old age. Accordingly, several important distinctions should be made in order to understand why these results differ from those of previous reports concerned with similar topics.