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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Saguis (Callithrix jacchus) sob ciclo claro-escuro de 21 h: um modelo de dessincroniza??o for?ada em primata diurno

Silva, Crhistiane Andressa da 05 July 2012 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:36:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CrhistianeAS_TESE.pdf: 3719505 bytes, checksum: 0a7335581ac5a34358c53f3a78dc9a50 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-07-05 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The circadian system consists of multiple oscillators organized hierarchically, with the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) as the master oscillator to mammalians. There are lots of evidences that each SCN cell is an oscillator and that entrainment depends upon coupling degree between them. Knowledge of the mechanism of coupling between the SCN cells is essential for understanding entrainment and expression of circadian rhythms, and thus promote the development of new treatments for circadian rhythmicity disorders, which may cause various diseases. Some authors suggest that the dissociation model of circadian rhythm activity of rats under T22, period near the limit of synchronization, is a good model to induce internal desynchronization, and in this way, enhance knowledge about the coupling mechanism. So, in order to evaluate the pattern of the motor activity circadian rhythm of marmosets, Callithrix jacchus, in light-dark cycles at the lower limit of entrainment, two experiments were conducted: 1) 6 adult females were submitted to the LD symmetric cycles T21, T22 and T21.5 for 60, 35 and 48 days, respectively; 2) 4 male and 4 female adults were subjected to T21 for 24 days followed by 18 days of LL, and then back to T21 for 24 days followed by 14 days of LL. Vocalizations of all animals and motor activity of each one of them were continuously recorded throughout the experiments, but the vocalizations were recorded only in Experiment 1. Under the Ts shorter than 24 h, two simultaneous circadian components appeared in motor activity, one with the same period of LD cycle, named light-entrained component, and the other in free-running, named non-light-entrained component. Both components were displayed for all the animals in T21, five animals (83.3%) in T21.5 and two animals (33.3%) in T22. For vocalizations both components were observed under the three Ts. Due to the different characteristics of these components we suggest that dissociation is result of partial synchronization to the LD cycle, wherein at least one group oscillator is synchronized to the LD by relative coordination and masking processes, while at least another group of oscillators is in free-running, but also under the influence of masking by the LD. As the T21 h was the only cycle able to promote the emergence of both circadian components in circadian rhythms of all Callithrix jacchus, this was then considered the lower entrainment limit of LD cycle promoter of dissociation in circadian rhythmicity of this species, and then suggested as a non-human primate model for forced desynchronization / O sistema circadiano ? formado por m?ltiplos osciladores organizados hierarquicamente, sendo o n?cleo supraquiasm?tico (NSQ) o oscilador principal nos mam?feros. H? v?rias evid?ncias de que cada c?lula do NSQ seja um oscilador e que a sincroniza??o resulte do grau de acoplamento entre elas. O conhecimento do mecanismo de acoplamento entre as c?lulas do NSQ ? essencial para se entender a sincroniza??o e a express?o dos ritmos circadianos e, dessa forma, propiciar o desenvolvimento de novos tratamentos para os dist?rbios da ritmicidade circadiana que podem gerar v?rias doen?as. V?rios autores sugerem o modelo de dissocia??o do ritmo circadiano da atividade motora de ratos sob T22, per?odo pr?ximo ao limite de sincroniza??o, como um bom modelo animal para promover dessincroniza??o interna, propiciando um maior conhecimento sobre o mecanismo de acoplamento. Ent?o, com o objetivo de avaliar o padr?o do ritmo circadiano de atividade motora de saguis, Callithrix jacchus, em ciclos claro-escuro no limite inferior de sincroniza??o, foram realizados dois experimentos: 1) 6 f?meas adultas foram submetidas aos ciclo CE sim?tricos T21, T21.5 e T22 durante 60, 35 e 48 dias, respectivamente; 2) 4 machos e 4 f?meas adultos foram submetidos a T21 por 24 dias, seguido de CC por 18 dias, depois voltaram ao T21 por mais 24 dias seguido de CC durante 14 dias. As vocaliza??es de todos os animais e a atividade motora de cada um foram registradas continuamente ao longo dos experimentos, sendo que as vocaliza??es foram registradas apenas no Experimento 1. Sob os Ts menores que 24 h foram observados dois componentes circadianos simult?neos na atividade motora, sendo um com o mesmo per?odo do ciclo CE, nomeado como componente sincronizado pela luz, e outro em livre-curso, nomeado como componente n?o sincronizado pela luz. Os dois componentes foram exibidos por todos os animais sob T21, cinco animais (83,3%) sob T21.5 e dois animais (33,3%) sob T22. Para as vocaliza??es foram observados os dois componentes sob os tr?s Ts. Devido ?s diferentes caracter?sticas desses componentes, sugerimos que a dissocia??o ? resultado de sincroniza??o parcial ao ciclo CE, onde pelo menos um grupo de osciladores est? sincronizado ao ciclo CE por processos de coordena??o relativa e mascaramento, enquanto pelo menos outro grupo de osciladores est? em livre-curso, mas tamb?m sob influ?ncia de mascaramento do CE. Como o T21 foi o ?nico a promover o surgimento dos dois componentes circadianos nos ritmos circadianos de todos Callithrix jacchus, este foi ent?o considerado o per?odo de ciclo CE promotor de dissocia??o na ritmicidade circadiana dessa esp?cie, sendo ent?o sugerido como modelo de dessincroniza??o for?ada em primatas n?o humanos diurnos

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