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Fungos micorr?zicos arbusculares em ecossistema de Mata Seca no norte de Minas Gerais. 2010. / Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in Dry Forets ecosystems in north of Minas Gerais. 2010. 68 p. Dissertation (MSc in Plant Biotechnology and Applied). Institute of Biology, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, Serop?dica, RJ. 2010.Santos, Vera L?cia da Silva 08 March 2010 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2010-03-08 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / This study was conducted in State Park Dry forest in the city of Manga in the North of Minas
Gerais, Brazil and aimed to evaluate the occurrence and diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal
fungi (AMF) and the protein related to soil glomalin and biomass of external mycelium in
Dry Forest ecosystems in the North of Minas Gerais. To collect the soil samples in each area
were delimited plots of 1000 m2 with three replications for each study area. The bags were
made in February 2008 in areas with different stages of succession is: area of initial eight
years in the process of regeneration, intermediate with 17 years without human intervention
and late registration without human intervention and an area of pasture five years without
human interference, making the grass (Panicum maximum) in State Park Dry forest. Sampling
was at random, taking nine composite samples consist of 27 single samples were taken at a
depth of 0 - 10 cm in each study area to assess the diversity of AMF, six composite samples
formed from 18 single samples of each study area for extraction and quantification of
glomalin and three composite samples from nine single samples of each area of external
mycelium. Were recovered 19 AMF species, belonging to the genera: Acaulospora (7),
Glomus (7), Scutellospora (3), Gigaspora (1) and Archaeospora (1). The number of spores
ranged from 37 to 640/50 cm3 of soil. The biomass of external mycelium is not statistically
different between the four areas studied, but there is a growing trend in the pasture area
toward the area of late succession. For the protein related to soil glomalin, the area of pasture
had a higher amount of easily extractable glomalin, while the total glomalin was statistically
equal between the four areas. The area with the initial sequence showed the greatest number
of species (12). Were found in all areas A. scrobiculata, G. macrocarpum and G. tortuosum.
The genus Glomus showed a higher percentage of occurrence in all areas studied. The area of
intermediate succession, and the late without anthropogenic interference had lower densities
and number of spores compared to the other areas studied indicating systems are more stable
than other areas. / Esta pesquisa foi realizada no Parque Estadual Mata Seca (PEMS) no Munic?pio de Manga
(MG), e teve como objetivo avaliar a ocorr?ncia e a diversidade de fungos micorr?zicos
arbusculares (FMA), bem como a prote?na do solo relacionada ? glomalina (PSRG) e a
biomassa de mic?lio externo em ecossistemas de Mata Seca no Norte de Minas Gerais. Para
coleta das amostras de solo, em cada ?rea foram delimitadas parcelas de 1000 m2 com tr?s
repeti??es para cada ?rea estudada. As coletadas foram feitas no m?s de fevereiro de 2008, em
?reas com diferentes est?gios de sucess?o, sendo: ?rea inicial com oito anos em processo de
regenera??o, intermedi?ria com 17 anos sem interven??o antr?pica e tardia sem registro de
interven??o antr?pica e uma ?rea de pasto com cinco anos sem interfer?ncia humana, tomada
por capim coloni?o (Panicum maximum) no PEMS. A amostragem foi inteiramente ao acaso,
tomando-se nove amostras compostas formadas por 27 amostras simples que foram retiradas
na profundidade de 0 10 cm em cada ?rea estudada para avalia??o da diversidade de FMA,
seis amostras compostas formadas a partir de 18 amostras simples de cada ?rea estudada para
extra??o e quantifica??o da glomalina e, tr?s amostras compostas a partir de nove amostras
simples de cada ?rea para mic?lio externo. Foram recuperadas 19 esp?cies de FMA,
pertencentes aos g?neros: Acaulospora (7), Glomus (7), Scutellospora (3), Gigaspora (1) e
Archaeospora (1). O n?mero de esporos variou de 37 a 640/50 cm3 de solo. A biomassa de
mic?lio externo embora n?o tenha apresentado diferen?a estat?stica entre as quatro ?reas
estudadas, pode-se notar uma tend?ncia crescente da ?rea de pasto em dire??o ? ?rea de
sucess?o tardia. Em rela??o ? PSRG, a ?rea de pasto apresentou maior quantidade de
glomalina facilmente extra?vel, enquanto que a glomalina total foi estatisticamente igual entre
as quatro ?reas. A ?rea com sucess?o inicial foi a que apresentou maior n?mero de esp?cies
(12). Foram encontradas em todas as ?reas A. scrobiculata, G. macrocarpum e G. tortuosum.
O g?nero Glomus apresentou maior percentual de ocorr?ncia em todas as ?reas estudadas. A
?rea de sucess?o intermedi?ria e a tardia sem interfer?ncia antr?pica, apresentaram menores
densidades e quantidade de esporos de FMA, em compara??o ?s demais ?reas estudadas,
indicando serem sistemas mais est?veis que as demais ?reas.
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