This thesis deals in it?s theoretical part with the changing of social role of women in the course of human existence and history of the feminist movement. It observes the differences between men and women from three perspectives: biological, psychological, sociological, and on their basis reveals their properties for which individuals choose the preference of life partner. Thesis also focuses on the labor market situation in terms of gender. In the practical part, based on interviews with 10 men and 10 women, I evaluate the views at how men see the role of women in society and also as well how women themselves see their role. At first I found out how the household in which the respondents grew up in work in the division of daily tasks, how they want their own households to work (or as they works) and then I compared the results. Then I focused on qualities and skills which are in interviews attributed to women and men, what´s the position of women in the labor market in their opinion or why the number of divorces is constantly increasing and why the age for starting a family is increasing as well. The work affects not only the view of men of women's social mission, but also the view of women themselves in the light of expectations that men (and society) have towards to women.

The main goal of the thesis is to analyze the basic indicators of marriage rate, divorce rate and the proportion of live births outside marriage. The first part is focused on the evaluation of the past and present development of the selected indicators. The thesis also includes a prediction of the future development of these indicators by using the Box-Jenkins methodology. The last part is dedicated to an international comparison of marriage, divorce and non-marital fertility indicators in the selected countries of the European Union. Moreover, the last part also includes a cluster analysis, where countries are divided into homogeneous groups according to the selected indicators.

The master's thesis deals with answer of distribution of countries, which was determined in 1965 in the theoretical concept by John Hajnal, in contemporary Europe. The main aim was to reanalyze the original division of countries using cluster analysis on the basis demographic indicators: average age at first marriage men and women, the average age of a woman at first child birth, the number of divorces per 100 marriages, the proportion of live births in marriage and out of marriage. The data used came from the Eurostat database from 1990 to 2015. Cluster analyzes of European countries were also performed according to the value orientations of their inhabitants in the area of social relations and life expectations. Respondents' statements came from the European Social Survey from 2002 to 2018. Cluster analysis of selected demographic indicators did not confirm two models of Hajnal's concept of marital behavior. Cluster analyzes of respondents' value orientations confirmed the existence of two value approaches to life priorities - a preference for traditionally accepted values and a preference for a dynamic and efficient lifestyle. Keywords Hajnal line, family, marriage, divorce rate, ESS research project, K-means cluster analysis, values

Changes in the marital status in the age group from 15 to 59 years in the Czech Republic after 1930 Abstract The aim of this thesis is to analyze the changes in population structure according to the individual marital statuses. For this analysis sex-specific and age-specific nuptuality rates and multistate life tables were use, in order to be able to describe transitions between the individual marital statuses. In the first part of this thesis the data sources and the methods of creating the transversal increment- decrement life tables were described. Following chapters deal with the historical development of the Czech Republic population since the year 1930 and the trends of nuptuality, divorce and mortality. Second part is dedicated to the analysis of the transitions between the individual marital statuses. The findings of this thesis conclude that people in the individual marital states tend to react similarly to the historical events in Czech Republic, unless some events are purposefully aiming to influence only a part of the population. Key words: nuptuality rate, divorce rate, mortality rate, marital status, multistate demography, transversal increment-decrement life tables, Czech Republic

Population development in Sweden since 1960 Abstract This diploma thesis deals with the population development in Sweden between 1960 and 2018. The main goal of this work is to evaluate in the context of selected demographic characteristics the course of demographic changes that appeared in the country after 1960. The result is changes in the level of demographic reproduction, which are referred to as the second demographic transition. From the 1960s to the present, Sweden has seen an increase in the average age at first marriage, an increase in the average age of the mother giving birth and an increase in the number of divorces. During the observed period, the Swedish population aged, the share of the pre-productive component of the population decreased, while the share of the post-productive component in the population increased. The development of total fertility in Sweden is often compared to a roller coaster due to its specific fluctuation. From 1960 to 2018, Sweden saw a decline in mortality rates, especially in the older age groups and up to one year of age, which was reflected in the values of life expectancy at birth that grew for both men and women. Sweden is inspiring for other European countries with its gender-neutral family and social policy. Keywords: population development, Sweden, second...