This thesis describes an observation function for a dynamic data driven application system designed to produce short range forecasts of the behavior of a wildland fire. The thesis presents an overview of the atmosphere-fire model, which models the complex interactions between the fire and the surrounding weather and the data assimilation module which is responsible for assimilating sensor information into the model. Observation plays an important role in data assimilation as it is used to estimate the model variables at the sensor locations. Also described is the implementation of a portable and user friendly visualization tool which displays the locations of wildfires in the Google Earth virtual globe.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-12T19:15:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PaulaGMLN_DISSERT.pdf: 1158822 bytes, checksum: 5ced16f48f8cf1c9f8ee986690059a5c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-02-10 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This study had as objectives evaluate the efficacy and selectivity of herbicides for the cultivation of papaya. Two experiments were conducted in field conditions in WG FRUTICULTURA, Sitio Sumidouro, Barauna - RN. In the first the herbicides were applied in pre-emergence of the weeds, before transplanting the papaya seedlings, being evaluated the following treatments: ametryn, diuron, ametryn+diuron, flumioxazin, isoxaflutole, two more witnesses, with and without weeding. At 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after the application of herbicides were realized visual evaluations of intoxication in papaya plants. At 0, 30, 45, 60 and 75 days after the application, evaluations were carried out for plant height and stem diameter. And at 21.42 and 63 days after the application evaluations were carried out on the mass of dry matter of weeds. The ametryn herbicides, diuron, flumioxazin, and the mix of diuron+ametryn, caused severe toxicity in papaya plants, causing them to die. The isoxaflutole caused intoxication in papaya seedlings that showed recovery at the end of the trial period. The weed interference resulted in papaya plants with smaller diameter of the stem, although the height of plants was not influenced. In the second experiment were evaluated eight herbicides (glyphosate, glufosinate-ammonium, paraquat, metribuzin, flumioxazin, ametryn, fluazifop-p-butil+fomesafen and atrazine), with two modes of application (with and without protection of the stem of the papaya plant). The application of herbicide was performed when plants had 0.70 m tall and for the treatments with protection of the stemwas used a polyethylene plate, placed beside the plant. At 7, 14, 21 and 35 days after application of herbicides were realized visual evaluations of weed control by species. At 45 days after application was performed evaluation of dry matter of weeds. For the papaya crop, were realized visuals evaluations of intoxication at 7, 14, 21 and 35 days after application at 0, 21, 42 and 63 days after application were realized evaluations for plant height and stem diameter. The main species of weeds in the area were Commelina benghalensis and Digitaria sanguinalis. The herbicide atrazine has caused intoxication in papaya plants independent of stem protection. The application of the paraquat, ametryn, metribuzin, glyphosate and fluazifop-p-butil+fomesafen require the protection of the stalk of the papaya plant. The glyphosate was effective on the control of the weeds, except for C. benghalensis. The herbicide glufosinate-ammonium, paraquat, metribuzin, flumioxazin, ametryn and the mix fluazifop-p-butylated+fomesafen showed potential for use in papaya plant / Este trabalho teve como objetivos avaliar a seletividade e eficácia de herbicidas para a cultura do mamão. Dois experimentos foram conduzidos em condições de campo na WG FRUTICULTURA, Sítio Sumidouro, Baraúna RN. No primeiro os herbicidas foram aplicados em pré-emergência das plantas daninhas, antes do transplante das mudas de mamão, sendo avaliados os seguintes tratamentos: ametryn, diuron, ametryn+diuron, flumioxazin, isoxaflutole, mais duas testemunhas, com e sem capinas. Aos 7, 14, 21 e 28 dias após aplicação dos herbicidas foram realizadas avaliações visuais de intoxicação nas plantas de mamão. Aos 0, 30, 45, 60 e 75 dias após aplicação, foram realizadas avaliações de altura de plantas e diâmetro do caule. E aos 21,42 e 63 dias após aplicação foram realizadas avaliações da massa da matéria seca das plantas daninhas. Os herbicidas ametryn, diuron, flumioxazin e a mistura ametryn+diuron causaram severa intoxicação nas plantas de mamão, causando-lhes a morte. O isoxaflutole causou intoxicação nas mudas de mamão que apresentaram recuperação no final do período experimental. A interferência das plantas daninhas resultou em plantas de mamão com menor diâmetro do caule, embora a altura de plantas não tenha sido influenciada. No segundo experimento foram avaliados oito herbicidas (glyphosate, amônio-glufosinato, paraquat, metribuzin, flumioxazin, ametryn, fluazifop-p-butil + fomesafen e atrazine), com dois modos de aplicação (com e sem proteção do caule das plantas de mamão). A aplicação dos herbicidas foi realizada quando as plantas estavam com 0,70 m de altura e para os tratamentos com proteção do caule, utilizou-se uma placa de polietileno, colocada ao lado da planta. Aos 7, 14, 21 e 35 dias após aplicação dos herbicidas foram realizadas avaliações visuais de controle de plantas daninhas por espécie. Aos 45 dias após aplicação foi realizada avaliação da massa da matéria seca das plantas daninhas. Para a cultura do mamão, foram realizadas avaliações visuais de intoxicação aos 7, 14, 21 e 35 dias após aplicação, aos 0, 21, 42 e 63 dias após aplicação foram realizadas avaliações de altura de plantas e diâmetro do caule. As principais espécies de plantas daninhas infestantes na área foram Commelina benghalensis e Digitaria sanguinalis. O herbicida atrazine causou intoxicação nas plantas de mamão independente da proteção do caule. A aplicação do paraquat, ametryn, metribuzin, glyphosate e fluazifop-p-butil + fomesafen requerem a proteção do caule do mamoeiro. O glyphosate foi eficaz no controle das plantas infestantes, exceto a C. benghalensis. Os herbicidas amônio-glufosinato, paraquat, metribuzin, flumioxazin, ametryn e a mistura fluazifop-p-butil + fomesafen mostraram potencial para uso no mamoeiro

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-12T19:18:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PaulaGMLN_DISSERT.pdf: 1158822 bytes, checksum: 5ced16f48f8cf1c9f8ee986690059a5c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-02-10 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This study had as objectives evaluate the efficacy and selectivity of herbicides for the cultivation of papaya. Two experiments were conducted in field conditions in WG FRUTICULTURA, Sitio Sumidouro, Barauna - RN. In the first the herbicides were applied in pre-emergence of the weeds, before transplanting the papaya seedlings, being evaluated the following treatments: ametryn, diuron, ametryn+diuron, flumioxazin, isoxaflutole, two more witnesses, with and without weeding. At 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after the application of herbicides were realized visual evaluations of intoxication in papaya plants. At 0, 30, 45, 60 and 75 days after the application, evaluations were carried out for plant height and stem diameter. And at 21.42 and 63 days after the application evaluations were carried out on the mass of dry matter of weeds. The ametryn herbicides, diuron, flumioxazin, and the mix of diuron+ametryn, caused severe toxicity in papaya plants, causing them to die. The isoxaflutole caused intoxication in papaya seedlings that showed recovery at the end of the trial period. The weed interference resulted in papaya plants with smaller diameter of the stem, although the height of plants was not influenced. In the second experiment were evaluated eight herbicides (glyphosate, glufosinate-ammonium, paraquat, metribuzin, flumioxazin, ametryn, fluazifop-p-butil+fomesafen and atrazine), with two modes of application (with and without protection of the stem of the papaya plant). The application of herbicide was performed when plants had 0.70 m tall and for the treatments with protection of the stemwas used a polyethylene plate, placed beside the plant. At 7, 14, 21 and 35 days after application of herbicides were realized visual evaluations of weed control by species. At 45 days after application was performed evaluation of dry matter of weeds. For the papaya crop, were realized visuals evaluations of intoxication at 7, 14, 21 and 35 days after application at 0, 21, 42 and 63 days after application were realized evaluations for plant height and stem diameter. The main species of weeds in the area were Commelina benghalensis and Digitaria sanguinalis. The herbicide atrazine has caused intoxication in papaya plants independent of stem protection. The application of the paraquat, ametryn, metribuzin, glyphosate and fluazifop-p-butil+fomesafen require the protection of the stalk of the papaya plant. The glyphosate was effective on the control of the weeds, except for C. benghalensis. The herbicide glufosinate-ammonium, paraquat, metribuzin, flumioxazin, ametryn and the mix fluazifop-p-butylated+fomesafen showed potential for use in papaya plant / Este trabalho teve como objetivos avaliar a seletividade e eficácia de herbicidas para a cultura do mamão. Dois experimentos foram conduzidos em condições de campo na WG FRUTICULTURA, Sítio Sumidouro, Baraúna RN. No primeiro os herbicidas foram aplicados em pré-emergência das plantas daninhas, antes do transplante das mudas de mamão, sendo avaliados os seguintes tratamentos: ametryn, diuron, ametryn+diuron, flumioxazin, isoxaflutole, mais duas testemunhas, com e sem capinas. Aos 7, 14, 21 e 28 dias após aplicação dos herbicidas foram realizadas avaliações visuais de intoxicação nas plantas de mamão. Aos 0, 30, 45, 60 e 75 dias após aplicação, foram realizadas avaliações de altura de plantas e diâmetro do caule. E aos 21,42 e 63 dias após aplicação foram realizadas avaliações da massa da matéria seca das plantas daninhas. Os herbicidas ametryn, diuron, flumioxazin e a mistura ametryn+diuron causaram severa intoxicação nas plantas de mamão, causando-lhes a morte. O isoxaflutole causou intoxicação nas mudas de mamão que apresentaram recuperação no final do período experimental. A interferência das plantas daninhas resultou em plantas de mamão com menor diâmetro do caule, embora a altura de plantas não tenha sido influenciada. No segundo experimento foram avaliados oito herbicidas (glyphosate, amônio-glufosinato, paraquat, metribuzin, flumioxazin, ametryn, fluazifop-p-butil + fomesafen e atrazine), com dois modos de aplicação (com e sem proteção do caule das plantas de mamão). A aplicação dos herbicidas foi realizada quando as plantas estavam com 0,70 m de altura e para os tratamentos com proteção do caule, utilizou-se uma placa de polietileno, colocada ao lado da planta. Aos 7, 14, 21 e 35 dias após aplicação dos herbicidas foram realizadas avaliações visuais de controle de plantas daninhas por espécie. Aos 45 dias após aplicação foi realizada avaliação da massa da matéria seca das plantas daninhas. Para a cultura do mamão, foram realizadas avaliações visuais de intoxicação aos 7, 14, 21 e 35 dias após aplicação, aos 0, 21, 42 e 63 dias após aplicação foram realizadas avaliações de altura de plantas e diâmetro do caule. As principais espécies de plantas daninhas infestantes na área foram Commelina benghalensis e Digitaria sanguinalis. O herbicida atrazine causou intoxicação nas plantas de mamão independente da proteção do caule. A aplicação do paraquat, ametryn, metribuzin, glyphosate e fluazifop-p-butil + fomesafen requerem a proteção do caule do mamoeiro. O glyphosate foi eficaz no controle das plantas infestantes, exceto a C. benghalensis. Os herbicidas amônio-glufosinato, paraquat, metribuzin, flumioxazin, ametryn e a mistura fluazifop-p-butil + fomesafen mostraram potencial para uso no mamoeiro

Les workflows sont des systèmes typiques traitant le big data. Ces systèmes sont déployés sur des sites géo-distribués pour exploiter des infrastructures cloud existantes et réaliser des expériences à grande échelle. Les données générées par de telles expériences sont considérables et stockées à plusieurs endroits pour être réutilisées. En effet, les systèmes workflow sont composés de tâches collaboratives, présentant de nouveaux besoins en terme de dépendance et d'échange de données intermédiaires pour leur traitement. Cela entraîne de nouveaux problèmes lors de la sélection de données distribuées et de ressources de stockage, de sorte que l'exécution des tâches ou du job s'effectue à temps et que l'utilisation des ressources soit rentable. Par conséquent, cette thèse aborde le problème de gestion des données hébergées dans des centres de données cloud en considérant les exigences des systèmes workflow qui les génèrent. Pour ce faire, le premier problème abordé dans cette thèse traite le comportement d'accès aux données intermédiaires des tâches qui sont exécutées dans un cluster MapReduce-Hadoop. Cette approche développe et explore le modèle de Markov qui utilise la localisation spatiale des blocs et analyse la séquentialité des fichiers spill à travers un modèle de prédiction. Deuxièmement, cette thèse traite le problème de placement de données intermédiaire dans un stockage cloud fédéré en minimisant le coût de stockage. A travers les mécanismes de fédération, nous proposons un algorithme exacte ILP afin d’assister plusieurs centres de données cloud hébergeant les données de dépendances en considérant chaque paire de fichiers. Enfin, un problème plus générique est abordé impliquant deux variantes du problème de placement lié aux dépendances divisibles et entières. L'objectif principal est de minimiser le coût opérationnel en fonction des besoins de dépendances inter et intra-job / The typical cloud big data systems are the workflow-based including MapReduce which has emerged as the paradigm of choice for developing large scale data intensive applications. Data generated by such systems are huge, valuable and stored at multiple geographical locations for reuse. Indeed, workflow systems, composed of jobs using collaborative task-based models, present new dependency and intermediate data exchange needs. This gives rise to new issues when selecting distributed data and storage resources so that the execution of tasks or job is on time, and resource usage-cost-efficient. Furthermore, the performance of the tasks processing is governed by the efficiency of the intermediate data management. In this thesis we tackle the problem of intermediate data management in cloud multi-datacenters by considering the requirements of the workflow applications generating them. For this aim, we design and develop models and algorithms for big data placement problem in the underlying geo-distributed cloud infrastructure so that the data management cost of these applications is minimized. The first addressed problem is the study of the intermediate data access behavior of tasks running in MapReduce-Hadoop cluster. Our approach develops and explores Markov model that uses spatial locality of intermediate data blocks and analyzes spill file sequentiality through a prediction algorithm. Secondly, this thesis deals with storage cost minimization of intermediate data placement in federated cloud storage. Through a federation mechanism, we propose an exact ILP algorithm to assist multiple cloud datacenters hosting the generated intermediate data dependencies of pair of files. The proposed algorithm takes into account scientific user requirements, data dependency and data size. Finally, a more generic problem is addressed in this thesis that involve two variants of the placement problem: splittable and unsplittable intermediate data dependencies. The main goal is to minimize the operational data cost according to inter and intra-job dependencies