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Tikslas - Ištirti pirmą kartą vakcinuojamų šuniukų motininio imuniteto trukmę ir įvertinti specifines profilaktikos priemones šunų parvovirusinio enterito sukėlėjui. Tyrimai buvo atlikti Lietuvos sveikatos mokslų universiteto Veterinarijos akademijoje, Anatomijos ir fiziologijos katedros Imunologijos laboratorijoje ir privačioje veterinarijos klinikoje 2013 metais. Per šį periodą buvo surinkti duomenys apie atliktas 324 vakcinacijas prieš CPV infekciją. Buvo registruojama informacija apie amžių, lytį, veislę, naudotą vakciną ir laikymo sąlygas. 15 šunų buvo įtraukti į tyrimą paremtą imunofermentine analize. Kraujas buvo imamas iš ≤ 3 mėnesių amžiaus nevakcinuotų, kliniškai sveikų šuniukų. Buvo nustatyti parvovirusui specifiniai antikūnai. Standartinėje smulkių gyvūnų klinikoje šuniukų parvovirusinio enterito vakcinacijos atliekamos 6, 8-9 ir 12 savaičių laikotarpyje, kuomet motininio imuniteto parvovirusui specifinių antikūnų vidutinis titras yra ne mažesnis nei 1:1007. Šešių savaičių amžiaus šuniukų grupėje nustatyti aukšti (iki 1:1040) parvovirusui specifinių antikūnų titrai įrodo, kad pirmą kartą vakcinuojamų šuniukų motininis imunitetas šiame amžiuje gali nuslopinti aktyvų imuninį atsaką. Aštuonių savaičių amžiaus šuniukų motininių antikūnų parvovirusams titras kraujo serumo mėginiuose sumažėjo 3,7 karto iki 1:272 ir todėl leidžia atlikti sėkmingą vakcinaciją jau nuo 8 savaičių amžiaus. Nors didžiausias antikūnų parvovirusams kiekis prieš vakcinaciją buvo nustatytas Kinų... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Purpose – to investigate maternal immunity duration among the puppies vaccinated for the first time and to evaluate specific preventive measures against canine parvovirus agent. Studies have been carried out at LSMU Veterinary academy, Anatomy and physiology department, Laboratory of immunology and private veterinary clinic „Dainavos veterinarija“ in 2013. During this period data was collected about 324 cases that preventive vaccination was used in the clinic against CVP infection. Registered data of dogs: age, sex, breed, used vaccine and dogs housing conditions. 15 dogs were included in this study based on enzime-linked immunosorbent assay. Blood samples were taken from ≤ 3 months age non-vaccinated and clinically healthy puppies. Specific parvovirus antibodies were determined. In standard private small animal veterinary clinic puppies against CPV are vaccinated at 6, 8-9 and 12 weeks of age, when maternal immunity specific antibody for parvovirus average titer is not less than 1:1007. In group puppies of 6 weeks age with high titres (up to 1:1040) of specific antibodies for parvovirus were determined and its demonstrate that maternal immunity of first time vaccinated puppies in this age could inhibit active immune response. In group of puppies at 8 weeks of age the titre of maternal antibodies for parvovirus in blood serum samples decrease by 3.7 times down to 1:272 an therefore allow a successful vaccination since the age of 8 weeks. Data of CPV vaccination demonstrate... [to full text]

In this thesis we discuss deterministic compartmental epidemic models. We study the asymp- totic stability of the disease-free solution of models with pulse vaccination campaigns. The main contributions of this thesis are to extend the literature of pulse vaccination models with delay. We take results for ordinary differential equation models and extend them to models with delay differential equations. Model generalizations include the use of a general incidence term as an upper bound for the actual incidence, and the use of switch parameters to approximate time-varying parameters. In particular, we look at contact rate parameters which are piecewise constant or time-varying. We extend literature results for non-delay general incidence models to find uniform asymptotic stability of the disease-free solution which helps us to add delay. We find an upper bound for the susceptible population under pulse vaccination and use this bound to tighten results for eradication thresholds: that is, we use this upper bound to find sufficient conditions for the uniform asymptotic stability of the disease-free solution of delayed pulse vaccination models. We extend literature results for constant contact rate bilinear incidence delay models to models with periodic time-varying contact rate, and determine conditions under which the disease-free solution is uniformly asymptotically stable for small delay. We also find conditions for disease permanence in the corresponding non-delay, time-varying-parameter pulse vaccination model. For piecewise- constant contact rate bilinear incidence models we again find thresholds which guarantee uniform asymptotic stability under small delay. We additionally discuss the effects of time-varying total population on our results, through a change of variables to population fractions. The total population is commonly held constant in the literature, for analytical simplicity, so we survey the methods for time-varying total population and the effects of such variation on the pulse vaccination schemes. We retain thresholds for eradication by considering the compartment populations as fractions of the total, instead of population numbers. The result is also applied to constant-population delay systems. When changing from standard incidence to bilinear incidence in delay systems, we discuss a way to estimate the effect of time-varying N. We support our theory with simulation results.

This study was conducted as part of a parent grantwhich examined the relationship between components of sleep and antibody responses to the flu vaccine in a population of 392 nurses working at two large hospitals. During/after sleep data was collected, nurses had blood drawn at four time points: immediately pre-vaccination, 1-, 6-, and 11-months post vaccine to obtain serum for detection of anti-influenza antibodies measured with an HI (hemagglutination inhibition) assay. Additionally, the inflammatory biomarkers IL6, IL1-β, TNF-α and CRP were measured at the pre-vaccine time point only to determine any correlation between the markers and antibody response. Data was analyzed using a hierarchical regression. In the first step, analyses assessed whether each change/average in cytokines over the one-month period had an impact on vaccine response for each of the four viral strains in the flu vaccine. In a second step, analyses assessed whether variables such as insomnia, stress, age, smoking, BMI, and race had any impact on vaccine response beyond the effects exerted through inflammation. The change in association (β) between the primary independent variable and primary dependent variable were examined in order to determine whether there are any suppression effects caused by baseline covariates on the relationship between inflammation changes or averages and antibody response. No relationship was discovered between circulating inflammatory changes or circulating inflammatory averages and antibody response. There was a weak correlation between CRP at Timepoint A and CRP at Timepoint B. No relationship was observed between age and circulating inflammation. The lack of relationship was likely due to the use of circulating inflammatory biomarkers; this may be an insufficient approach to determine chronic inflammatory status.

Includes list of publications arising from the thesis. / Bibliography: leaves 327-341. / 341, [15] leaves : ill. (some col.) ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Examines the effect of adverse storage on the immunogenicity of pertussis, diphtheria and tetanus vaccines, the protective efficacy of pertussis vaccines and the effect of premature birth on antibody response to routine childhood immunisations. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Paediatrics, 2002?

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Pennsylvania State University, 2007. / Mode of access: World Wide Web.

Thesis (M. Phil.)--University of Hong Kong, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 117-147) Also available in print.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Pennsylvania State University, 2007. / Mode of access: World Wide Web.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Göteborg : Göteborgs universitet, 2008. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Thesis (D.P.H.)--University of Michigan.