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Family predictors of severe mental disorders and criminality in the Northern Finland 1966 Birth CohortKemppainen, L. (Liisa) 02 October 2001 (has links)
Abstract
Early family characteristics may influence the later development of severe
mental
disorders and criminality of a child. The association between an adverse family
environment during childhood and its later consequences in adulthood, however,
are still widely open. The aim of the present study was to analyse in a
longitudinal perspective, family risks of severe hospital-treated mental
disorders and criminal behaviour in the Northern Finland 1966 Birth Cohort and to
develop a descriptive life span model of schizophrenia.
A large, general population birth cohort (N =11 017), the Northern Finland
1966
Birth Cohort was used as a study population. This database provides the
information of prospectively collected data on both biological and social aspects
of pregnancy, the characteristics of family, the mother, the father, and the
child. The information of psychiatric outcomes was gathered from the Finnish
Hospital Discharge Register (FHDR) and the data on registered criminal behaviour
of the cohort members come from computerized files maintained by the Ministry of
Justice.
Children born to multiparous mothers (GMP) i.e. those that had undergone at
least
six deliveries were more commonly treated in mental hospitals later in life (4.5%
vs. 3.4%; p=0.028) than children born to mothers that have fewer children. Of the
diagnostic groups, the risk of psychoses other than schizophrenia (OR 2.3; 95% CI
1.2-4.7), and depressive disorders (OR 2.2; 1.0-4.5) was elevated among adult
children of those mothers.
Birth order was associated with adult schizophrenia. The risk was elevated
among
male firstborns (ratio 1.5; 95% CI 1.0-2.2), but it was lower than expected among
male lastborns (ratio 0.7; 95% CI 0.5-0.9). The elevated risk was not
significantly associated with female schizophrenia patients. On the contrary, the
risk was lower than expected among females who were not first, not last or not
only children in the family (ratio 0.6; 95% CI 0.3-0.9).
Among males the risk for violent crimes later in life was elevated among
the
only children (OR 1.8; 95% CI 1.1-3.0). If perinatal risk was additional
exposure, the risk increased up to 4-fold (OR 4.4; 95% CI 1.9-10.8). Combining
with maternal risks increased the risk up to 6-fold (OR 5.9; 95% CI 3.1-11.3) and
with paternal risk up to 8-fold (OR 8.4; 95% CI 3.9-18.1), respectively.
Among females the absence of the father during childhood until the age of 14 was
the strongest risk factor in predicting later criminality (OR 2.5; 95% CI
1.4-4.3). Further, in the families, where the father was present, maternal
smoking during pregnancy together with being born unwanted increased the
prevalence for criminal offending significantly up to 7.2%.
In conclusion, some characteristics of the early childhood family
environment were associated with mental disorders and criminality in adulthood and form part
of the developmental trajectory of these disorders. Early detection of such
children at risk is important in preventing mental disorders and criminality in
adulthood.
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Raná institucionální péče o děti v Jihočeském kraji / Institutional care of children at an early age in the South Bohemian RegionNeradová, Zuzana January 2021 (has links)
The Diploma thesis deals with the issue of availability of early Childhood Care in the South Bohemia region. The theoretical part of the thesis is focused on the analysis if current family policy, which is key in this situation, and the related needs of families with children who have not entered preschool education yet. It describes the conditions and forms of institutional care for children under six years of age, with emphasis on forms of early childcare in the Czech Republic, including current changes that are currently planned by the competent ministry. It maps the situation and the number of facilities in the South Bohemian Region. The aim of the research part of the thesis is to provide a summary of the availability of institutional care for children at an early age in the South Bohemian region and to map the needs of families in the provision of institutional care for children at an early age. The main method of research is a questionnaire survey among parents in the South Bohemian Region, which is supplemented by interviews with selected parents-respondents. KEY WORDS Family Family policy Early care Early childhood Parents
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