The thesis is devoted to assessing the effectiveness of subsidies spent on improving energy efficiency in the business sector. It analyzes the use of energy resources, international development in energy consumption and legislation focused on energy efficiency. Further, it analyzes two possibilities of obtaining funds for measures improving energy efficiency, subsidies and bank loans. There are given characteristics of the subsidy program Eco-Energy from the Operational program Enterprise and Innovation 2007 - 2013. In the practical part, the effectiveness of subsidies from this program is assessed by comparison of the supported and unsupported companies.