After our country joins WTO, will face the strong capital competition pressure of the international large-scale financial institution, and after foreign businessman's bank has grand capital, the industry manages completely dark, in the face of so strong impact country the financial market fluctuates and aggravates, has increased the operation pressure of the domestic banking, too. How to transform this pressure into helping hand, utilize aquistion and merger to consider complementarily , lower costs then improve the competitiveness, it is really the question which the banking of Taiwan needs to face at present. Domestic aquistion and merger case or makes up the financial domain that the financial holding company has already affected 14 financial holding companies in Taiwan to reform with the operation pattern jointly at present, but these financial holding companies can reach the value expected and comprehensive result which is greater than two of one plus one (Synergy). The goal needs checking and tests directly. It does not belong to the financial holding company at home to spy on put the independent bank, in case of financial market saturation, the profit shrinks, the income reduces by a wide margin, the quality of the assets is not good, so that is it put rate is it wait for numerous unfavourable factor to remain high to exceed, how face assets huge financial holding company lay big bank create life their extremely, whether it is influenced that purpose calls it and manages the performance; Establish financial holding company purpose is it can reach category economy and purpose of the large-scale production to call separately. Purpose of this research, focus on wanting to untie it under the trend of the international finance, can really improve the bank and manage the performance and business efficiency of independent bank to establish the financial holding company under the double pressure of the domestic trouble and foreign invasion and really not so good as finance holding company bank put. Because of above-mentioned backgrounds and motives, so this text hope book probe into by document, materials collect and utilize materials not to make analytic approach of holding in place with a net(Data Envelopment Analysis, DEA), displaying the result of study, it is by offering competent authorities or the financial holding company policymaker to the government and wanting to set up some reference suggestions of bank of the financial holding company.

Abstract In Sri Lanka, around 50% of the electrical energy generation is done using thermal energy, and hence maintaining generation efficiencies of thermal power plants at an acceptable level is very important from a socio-economic perspective for the economic development of the country. Efficiency monitoring also plays a vital role as it lays the foundation for maintaining and improving of generation efficiency. Heat rate, which is the reciprocal of the efficiency, is used to measure the performance of thermal power plants. In combined cycle power plants, heat rate depends on ambient conditions and efficiencies of subsystems such as the gas turbine, Heat Recovery Steam Generator (HRSG), steam turbine, condenser, cooling tower etc. The heat rate provides only a macroscopic picture of the power plant, and hence it is required to analyse the efficiency of each subsystem in order to get a microscopic picture. Computer modelling is an efficient method which can be used to analyse the each subsystem of a combined cycle power plant. Objective of this research is to develop a computer based tool which simulates the performance of subsystems of a combined cycle power plant in Sri Lanka. At the inception of the research, only heat rate was measured, and performances of subsystem were unknown.                  During the analysis, plant is divided into main systems, in order to study them macroscopically. Then, these main systems are divided into subsystems in order to have a microscopic view. Engineering equation solver (EES) was used to develop the tool, and the final computer model was linked with Microsoft excel package for data handling. Final computer model is executed using both present and past operating data in order to compare present and past performance of the power plant.             In combined cycle power plants steam is injected into the gas turbine to reduce the NOx generation and this steam flow is known as NOx flow. According to the result it was evident that turbine efficiency drops by 0.1% and power output increase by 1MW when NOx flow increases from 4.8 to 6.2kg/s. Further it was possible to conclude that gas turbine efficiency drop by 0.1% when ambient temperature increased by 3 C; and gas turbine power output decrease by 2MW when ambient temperature increases from 27 to 31 degrees.   Regarding the steam cycle efficiency it was found that steam turbine power output drops by  0.5MW when ambient temperature increases from 27 to 31 degrees; and steam cycle efficiency increases by 1% when NOx flow increases from 4.8 to 6.2kg/s. Further, steam turbine power output decreases by 0.25MW When NOx flow increases from 4.8 to 6.2kg/s                 Heat rate, which is the most important performance index of the power plant, increases by 10units (kJ/kWh) when ambient temperature increases by 3 C. Heat rate also increases with raising NOx flow which was 6.2kg/s in 2007 and 4.2kg/s in 2011. Hence, heat rate of the power plant has improved (decreased) by 10units (kJ/kWh) from 2007 to 2011.                Other than above, following conclusions were also revealed during the study.                         1)       HRSG efficiency has not change during past 4 years 2)     Significant waste heat recovery potential exists in the gas turbine ventilation system in the form of thermal energy

Le principal objectif de cette thèse est d'expliquer en quoi l’efficience statique (static efficiency), l’efficience de coordination (coordinative efficiency) et l’efficience créative (creative efficiency) jouent un rôle déterminant dans la conception de la gouvernance à l'ère numérique. Il s’agit également d’étudier des mécanismes originaux de gouvernance, au-delà de la traditionnelle dimension marché-hiérarchie, pouvant faciliter les processus de coordination intégrative (integrative coordination) ainsi que de création collective dans les organisations.La thèse comprend trois essais. Le premier est une contribution de nature théorique montrant que l’économie des coûts de transaction (Williamson 1979, 1991, 1996, 2002) ne permet pas de rendre compte de façon satisfaisante de la conception de la gouvernance à l’ère numérique. Le modèle conceptuel normatif proposé contribue à repenser celle-ci dans une perspective pluraliste intégrant complexité et variété. Les choix de gouvernance ne sont ainsi plus limités à la seule dimension marché-hiérarchie comme le laisse penser l’économie des coûts de transaction. Une perspective intégrant la construction sociale des modes d’organisation (Giddens, 1985; Greenwood et al. 2011) permet de définir une variété de formes de gouvernance. Il est possible de représenter, dans un espace à trois dimensions (efficience statique, efficience de coordination et efficience créative), les différentes configurations de gouvernance sous la forme d’un triangle. Cette représentation peut être appliquée afin de rendre compte des choix de gouvernance possibles à différents niveaux organisationnels.Les deux essais suivants sont à dominante empirique. Ils visent à prolonger le premier en étudiant le lien entre des configurations innovantes de gouvernance et la performance des organisations en matière d’efficacité de coordination et d’efficacité créative. Le deuxième essai se concentre sur la coordination d’intégration dans les organisations. Des structures organisationnelles distribuées à plusieurs couches ou layered distributed organizational structures (Simon, 1962), des plans définis ex ante de façon imprécise ou broad-brushed ex ante plans (Edmondson, Bohmer et Pisano, 2001), ainsi que des semi-structures (Brown et Eisenhardt, 1997) s’avèrent utiles au processus de coordination lorsque les interdépendances sont complexes et incertaines. Le troisième essai porte sur la performance des organisations en matière de créativité collective. Il s’intéresse notamment aux dispositifs organisationnels facilitant l’émergence d’une telle créativité tout en préservant stabilité et efficacité. Plusieurs formes de perturbation qualifiées d’ordonnées (ordered disruption), tant au niveau spatial (ordered spatial disruption) que temporel (ordered temporal disruption) et affectif (ordered affective disruption), contribuent à l'émergence de la créativité collective.Le matériel empirique utilisé dans les deuxième et troisième essais provient d’une étude des modes de gouvernance de différents projets de villes intelligentes (smart-cities) nécessitant une collaboration entre plusieurs organisations. / The main objective of this dissertation is to explain why coordinative efficiency, creative efficiency, together with static efficiency are all critical goals of governance design in digital age, and to explore innovative governance arrangements, beyond the one-dimensional line defined by “market” and “hierarchy”, that can facilitate the processes of integrative coordination, and collective creation in organizations.The dissertation is composed of three essays. Essay 1 is a theory paper that provides the overall theoretical arguments about why transaction cost economics (Williamson 1979, 1991, 1996, 2002) is no longer a satisfactory theoretical framework for governance design in the digital age, and offers a normative model which suggest possibilities of much more nuanced, complicated and pluralistic governance choices than suggested by transaction cost economics. It is argued that potential governance choices are not solely situated on a one-dimensional line between hierarchy and market, as transaction cost economics asserts. The rich connotations of socially constructed agency (Giddens, 1985; Greenwood et al. 2011) provide diverse possibilities of governance arrangements, which spread across a triangular plane in a three-dimensional space defined by static efficiency, coordinative efficiency and creative efficiency (see Figure 1). This paper provides both graphic and mathematical presentations of this three-dimensional model for governance design, which can be applied to different levels of organizing.Essay 2 and 3 are two empirical papers that endeavor to extend Essay 1 by finding out the exact relationship between certain innovative governance arrangements with organizations’ performance in coordinative and creative efficiencies. Essay 2 focuses on the realization of integrative coordination in organizations. It found out that layered distributed organizational structure (Simon, 1962), broad-brushed ex ante plan (Edmondson, Bohmer and Pisano, 2001), and semi-structures (Brown and Eisenhardt, 1997) are beneficial in facilitating an ongoing coordination process when interdependencies are complex and uncertain. Essay 3 focuses on organizations’ performance in collective creativity (Shalley et al., 2004; George, 2007), especially on what governance arrangements can best allow collective creativity to emerge without overly sacrificing organizational stability and efficiency. It is discovered that “ordered disruption”, including ordered spatial disruption, ordered temporal disruption and ordered affective disruption, have positive effects on the emergence of collective creativity. Both Essay 2 and Essay 3 use collaborative organizations on smart city projects as the empirical setting. The findings of these two empirical papers are grounded on multiple case studies on those collaborative organizations.

Includes bibliographical references (leaves 38-43). / Digitized by Kansas Correctional Industries

Digitized by Kansas Correctional Industries

Typescript (photocopy). / Digitized by Kansas Correctional Industries

Digitized by Kansas State University Libraries

LD2668 .T4 1947 S56 / Master of Science

Call number: LD2668 .T4 1979 M37 / Master of Science

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are becoming increasingly pervasive in a number of applications. Due to the nature of WSNs, one of their biggest constraints is limited node energy. As WSNs grow in popularity, the prevalent issue remains to keep wireless sensor nodes alive for as long as possible, or risk disrupting the network. This dissertation develops a model based on the principles of game theory to improve the energy efficiency of wireless sensor nodes and increase the network lifetime by influencing the way routing takes place. The benefit of this model is a routing algorithm that is easily implementable and increases network lifetime by improving energy efficiency in the network. / MIng (Computer and Electronic Engineering), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015