O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a confiabilidade intradia e interdias dos valores de amplitude da eletromiografia de superfície, dos músculos da cintura escapular e membro superior, durante a realização de 3 exercícios isométrico com a extremidade distal do segmento fixa em uma superfície estável e outra superfície instável, com descarga de peso axial controlada para o membro superior. Para tanto, 20 adultos saudáveis realizaram os exercícios push-up, bench-press e wall-press em diferentes níveis de carga (80 e 100% da carga máxima). Os valores de carga produzida por cada um dos exercícios foram registrados de maneira simultânea à eletromiografia. Os sujeitos realizaram três contrações voluntárias máximas (CVM) na posição de prova de função muscular de cada músculo, para obtenção do valor de referência para normalização dos valores de root mean square (RMS) e da integral do envoltório linear (?env). Os sujeitos foram instruídos, a realizarem de forma aleatória, 3 séries de contrações isométricas por 6 segundos em cada exercício, com intervalo de 2 minutos entre as séries e exercícios.Os sinais eletromiográficos dos músculos deltóide porção anterior e posterior, trapézio fibras superiores, serrátil anterior, peitoral maior porção clavicular, bíceps braquial porção longa e tríceps braquial porção longa foram captados por eletrodos de superfície ativos simples diferenciais, realizados em dois testes com intervalo de sete dias. Os dados foram coletados com freqüência de amostragem de 4000Hz e aplicados filtros digitais de passa baixa de 500Hz e passa alta de 20Hz. Os valores de RMS e ?env foram normalizados pelo valor máximo da amplitude eletromiográfica obtida em 1 das 3 CVM do músculo correspondente. As confiabilidades intradia e interdias foram calculadas através do coeficiente de correlação intraclasse (ICC), erro padrão da medida (SEM) e coeficiente de variação (CV). Os resultados indicaram excelente confiabilidade intradia dos valores de amplitude eletromiográfica (ICC ?0,75). A confiabilidade interdias dos valores normalizados de RMS apresentou valores variando entre bom e excelente (ICC 0,52-0,98), já os valores normalizados de ?env apresentaram valores pobres a excelente de confiabilidade (ICC 0,06-0,93). Os valores de carga produzidos durante os exercícios apresentaram excelente confiabilidade intradia e interdias (ICC ?0,97). Por fim, os resultados do presente estudo sugerem que a confiabilidade dos valores normalizados de amplitude eletromiográfica dos músculos analisados apresentam valores mais confiáveis durante os exercícios realizados com superfície estável. Já os níveis de carga empregados (80 e 100%) durante os exercícios parecem não ter influenciado nos níveis de variabilidade, talvez por serem cargas muito próximas. / The objective of the present study was to evaluate the intra and interday reliability of surface electromyography amplitude values of the scapular girdle muscles and upper limbs during the performance of 3 isometric exercises of closed kinetic chain regarding the upper limbs with the fix distal segment extremity on one stable surface and the other one on one unstable surface. In this regard, 20 healthy adults realized the exercises push-up, bench-press and wall-press with different load levels (80 and 100% maximal load). The load values produced for each exercise were recorded simultaneously to the electromyography. The individuals performed three maximal voluntary contractions (MVC) in the muscular testing position of each muscle for the obtainment of the reference value for the root mean square (RMS) normalization values and for the integrated of the linear envelope (?env). The individuals were instructed to realize at random, 3 isometric contraction series taking each exercise 6 seconds with a rest of 2 minutes between the series and the exercises. The electromyographic signals of the anterior and posterior deltoid, upper trapezius, anterior serratus, pectoralis major, biceps and triceps brachial muscle were captured by simple active differential surface electrodes, in two tests with a 7-day interval. Data were collected with a sampling frequency of 4000Hz and 500Hz low and 20Hz high passage digital filters. The RMS and ?env values were normalized by the maximal electromyographic amplitude value obtained in 1 of the 3 MVC of the corresponding muscle. The intra and interday reliabilities were calculated through the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), standard error measure (SEM) and coefficient of variation (CV). The results indicated an excellent intraday reliability of the electromyographic amplitude values (ICC ?0.75). The interday reliability of the RMS normalized values presented values varying between good and excellent (ICC 0.52-0.98), whereas the ?env normalized values presented poor to excellent reliability values (ICC 0.06-0.93). The load values produced during the exercises presented excellent intra and interdays reliability. Finally, the results of the present study suggest that the reliability of the electromyographic amplitude normalized values of the analyzed muscles present better values during the performance of the exercises with stable surface. However the load levels utilized during the exercises do not seem to have influenced the variability levels, eventually in view of being very close levels

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a confiabilidade intradia e interdias dos valores de amplitude da eletromiografia de superfície, dos músculos da cintura escapular e membro superior, durante a realização de 3 exercícios isométrico com a extremidade distal do segmento fixa em uma superfície estável e outra superfície instável, com descarga de peso axial controlada para o membro superior. Para tanto, 20 adultos saudáveis realizaram os exercícios push-up, bench-press e wall-press em diferentes níveis de carga (80 e 100% da carga máxima). Os valores de carga produzida por cada um dos exercícios foram registrados de maneira simultânea à eletromiografia. Os sujeitos realizaram três contrações voluntárias máximas (CVM) na posição de prova de função muscular de cada músculo, para obtenção do valor de referência para normalização dos valores de root mean square (RMS) e da integral do envoltório linear (?env). Os sujeitos foram instruídos, a realizarem de forma aleatória, 3 séries de contrações isométricas por 6 segundos em cada exercício, com intervalo de 2 minutos entre as séries e exercícios.Os sinais eletromiográficos dos músculos deltóide porção anterior e posterior, trapézio fibras superiores, serrátil anterior, peitoral maior porção clavicular, bíceps braquial porção longa e tríceps braquial porção longa foram captados por eletrodos de superfície ativos simples diferenciais, realizados em dois testes com intervalo de sete dias. Os dados foram coletados com freqüência de amostragem de 4000Hz e aplicados filtros digitais de passa baixa de 500Hz e passa alta de 20Hz. Os valores de RMS e ?env foram normalizados pelo valor máximo da amplitude eletromiográfica obtida em 1 das 3 CVM do músculo correspondente. As confiabilidades intradia e interdias foram calculadas através do coeficiente de correlação intraclasse (ICC), erro padrão da medida (SEM) e coeficiente de variação (CV). Os resultados indicaram excelente confiabilidade intradia dos valores de amplitude eletromiográfica (ICC ?0,75). A confiabilidade interdias dos valores normalizados de RMS apresentou valores variando entre bom e excelente (ICC 0,52-0,98), já os valores normalizados de ?env apresentaram valores pobres a excelente de confiabilidade (ICC 0,06-0,93). Os valores de carga produzidos durante os exercícios apresentaram excelente confiabilidade intradia e interdias (ICC ?0,97). Por fim, os resultados do presente estudo sugerem que a confiabilidade dos valores normalizados de amplitude eletromiográfica dos músculos analisados apresentam valores mais confiáveis durante os exercícios realizados com superfície estável. Já os níveis de carga empregados (80 e 100%) durante os exercícios parecem não ter influenciado nos níveis de variabilidade, talvez por serem cargas muito próximas. / The objective of the present study was to evaluate the intra and interday reliability of surface electromyography amplitude values of the scapular girdle muscles and upper limbs during the performance of 3 isometric exercises of closed kinetic chain regarding the upper limbs with the fix distal segment extremity on one stable surface and the other one on one unstable surface. In this regard, 20 healthy adults realized the exercises push-up, bench-press and wall-press with different load levels (80 and 100% maximal load). The load values produced for each exercise were recorded simultaneously to the electromyography. The individuals performed three maximal voluntary contractions (MVC) in the muscular testing position of each muscle for the obtainment of the reference value for the root mean square (RMS) normalization values and for the integrated of the linear envelope (?env). The individuals were instructed to realize at random, 3 isometric contraction series taking each exercise 6 seconds with a rest of 2 minutes between the series and the exercises. The electromyographic signals of the anterior and posterior deltoid, upper trapezius, anterior serratus, pectoralis major, biceps and triceps brachial muscle were captured by simple active differential surface electrodes, in two tests with a 7-day interval. Data were collected with a sampling frequency of 4000Hz and 500Hz low and 20Hz high passage digital filters. The RMS and ?env values were normalized by the maximal electromyographic amplitude value obtained in 1 of the 3 MVC of the corresponding muscle. The intra and interday reliabilities were calculated through the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), standard error measure (SEM) and coefficient of variation (CV). The results indicated an excellent intraday reliability of the electromyographic amplitude values (ICC ?0.75). The interday reliability of the RMS normalized values presented values varying between good and excellent (ICC 0.52-0.98), whereas the ?env normalized values presented poor to excellent reliability values (ICC 0.06-0.93). The load values produced during the exercises presented excellent intra and interdays reliability. Finally, the results of the present study suggest that the reliability of the electromyographic amplitude normalized values of the analyzed muscles present better values during the performance of the exercises with stable surface. However the load levels utilized during the exercises do not seem to have influenced the variability levels, eventually in view of being very close levels

Title: The effect of shoulder girdle stabilization exercises on muscle activity during direct impact in rugby players with sub-acromial impingement syndrome Objectives: Comparison of muscle activity during direct impact while performing the rugby tackle to tackle bag and to player using amplitude analysis of electromyographic signal (EMG) before and after intervention programme for players with subacromial impingement syndrome (SIS). Application of intervention programme consisting stabilization excercises for shoulder complex and activation of deep stabilization muscles of the spine. Methods: Theoretical part contains topics about shoulder girdle, rugby and rugby injuries, mainly subacromial impingement syndrome and electromyography. Mentioned issues are included into the thesis due to the research of current literature from international sources and studies. Practical part regards the aplication of three- months long intervention programme for eight rugby players at junior national level with diagnosis of SIS, when pre-testing a post-testing is realized by clinical tests and EMG measurement. Results: Intervention programme was sufficient for changes of EMG amplitude values expressed as percentage of maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) in some of rugby players with SIS only for some...

Title: The effect of shoulder girdle stabilization exercises on muscle activity during direct impact in rugby players with sub-acromial impingement syndrome Objectives: Comparison of muscle activity during direct impact while performing the rugby tackle to tackle bag and to player using electromyographic amplitude analysis before and after intervention programme for players with subacromial impingement syndrome (SIS). Application of intervention programme consisting stabilization excercises for shoulder complex and activation of deep stabilization muscles of the spine. Methods: Theoretical part contains topics about shoulder girdle, rugby and rugby injuries, mainly subacromial impingement syndrome. Mentioned issues are included into the thesis due to the research of current literature from international sources and studies. Practical part regards the aplication of three-months long intervention programme for eight players at junior national level with diagnosis of SIS, when pre-testing a post-testing is realized by clinical tests and EMG measurement. Assessment of enter and control examination is realized with analysis of variance ANOVA. Results: Intervention programme was sufficient for changes in EMG amplitude for two muscle groups in rugby players with SIS. Hypothesis comparing the EMG measure...