No description available.

The cars used by Zenuity for prototyping software for autonomous driving (AD) needs a convenient way for the driver to activate and deactivate AD functionality. Since the cars were equipped with shifting paddles, repurposing them to act as AD activation paddles had become a compelling option. The goal of this thesis was to design an electronic control unit (ECU) to read the analog value of each paddle and transmit them digitally to an industry PC already implemented in the vehicle. In order to improve the human to machine interface, the paddle ECU also had to control two different LED indicators to show the status of the AD system to the driver as different color codes. A prototype of the ECU has been built on a PCB (printed circuit board) that consists of a microcontroller and hardware for it to interface with paddles, indicators and for communication with the industry PC. The prototype was tested and the resulting ECU has been shown to work successfully, fulfilling all the requirements. In particular it can correctly read the status of each paddle, control the indicators, as well as communicate with the industry PC.

No description available.

In recent years, more and more vendors adopt Linux to be the embedded operating system for their electronic products because of its combination of reliability, performance, good toolchains, portability, and configurability. However, Linux kernel is complex, and different electronic products may use different platforms. For this reason, it often requires that Linux be ported to different platforms. Vedio and sound have been supported by Linux for a long time. The Open Sound System (OSS) plays an important role in Linux¡¦s sound system. OSS is a device driver for sound cards and other sound devices under various UNIX and UNIX-compatible operating systems. The biggest problem with OSS is that the free implementation that exists in the Kernel is quite limited. For a better support of modern sound cards, a new sound driver project was started by Jaroslav Kysela and others. Jaroslav Kysela started with a sound driver he needed to supporta sound card, and this grew into the ALSA project which he co-ordinates. More and More people become involved in the development of ALSA. This thesis can be divided into two parts. In the first part, we give a detailed description of how we port ALSA to an embedded system, which include both ALSA driver and ALSA library. In the second part, we turn our attention to applications that rely on ALSA, which include a PCM recorder, a PCM player, and a MP3 player.

The work described in this thesis summarizes the author's contributions to the design, development, and testing of embedded systems for SFL spacecraft. The unique environment of space and the constraints it imposes on embedded systems is described, and the testing methodologies employed to qualify spacecraft hardware for this environment are presented. The implementation of an automated functional test framework for SFL's Generic Nanosatellite Bus satellites and the role it plays in the spacecraft development cycle is also discussed. Application software and device drivers in support of the BRITE mission were designed and developed. Finally, a controller was implemented for thermal control of the BRITE optical instrument. These contributions play an important role in the continual efforts to expand access to space and to prove the feasibility of the microspace approach in doing so.

The work described in this thesis summarizes the author's contributions to the design, development, and testing of embedded systems for SFL spacecraft. The unique environment of space and the constraints it imposes on embedded systems is described, and the testing methodologies employed to qualify spacecraft hardware for this environment are presented. The implementation of an automated functional test framework for SFL's Generic Nanosatellite Bus satellites and the role it plays in the spacecraft development cycle is also discussed. Application software and device drivers in support of the BRITE mission were designed and developed. Finally, a controller was implemented for thermal control of the BRITE optical instrument. These contributions play an important role in the continual efforts to expand access to space and to prove the feasibility of the microspace approach in doing so.

Proefschrift Universiteit van Amsterdam. / Met lit.opg. - Met samenvatting in het Nederlands.

In this thesis we investigate the problem of automatic calibration and control of hydraulic components in the domain of construction equipment. Methods that are able to remove a costly manual approach in favour of an automatic one are investigated and evaluated. The thesis aims to investigate what methods are available in achieving this goal as well as evaluate the performance and applicability of such methods in the domain of construction equipment. The literature indicates that a great focus is put on learning a model of the plant at run time in order to provide accurate control. Common approaches to the problem are the Recursive Least Square method and PID controllers for non-linear systems, but other methods are also present, such as the Nodal Link Perceptron Network (NLPN). The methods chosen to be compared are the existing method of manually calibrating two set points for start and end current and interpolating between them; the use of a PI controller with a static line inverse model; a PI controller with a static curve inverse model; a PI controller with an NLPN adaptive inverse model and lastly, a completely NLPN based control strategy. The methods were implemented in Matlab Simulink and evaluated in simulations based on data collected from real wheel loaders in the construction equipment domain, produced by Volvo CE. The simulations are performed on data from three machines and were evaluated twice for the adaptive methods in order to evaluate how well the methods improved. The results were then evaluated in terms of average absolute error, as well as a discussion of the behaviour shown in the plots. The evaluations indicate that the most effective method for control is the PI controller using a static line inverse model. The method produces the smallest average error of both actions evaluated, lifting and lowering of the boom, while the complete NLPN solution provide the worst results.

No description available.

Surveillance and control have come a long way in the last years. Every new mobile phone, most cars, and smartwatches have a global positioning system tracking device built into it. This is just one of the technologies used in order to track and follow. Today it is hard to go anywhere without there being some sort of way of finding you. The art of finding has been around for a long time and one company that have taken the tracking aspect to the next step is Followit. For over 40 years they have built different types of satellite and radio transmitters to keep track of everything from small animals like hares and dogs to big elephants. They also got tracking solutions for vehicles like boats, cars, trucks and excavators. The purpose of this thesis is to develop a radio transmitter which can transmit on both the very-high-frequency and ultra-high-frequency band which is better than the last unit used by Followit. While the current solution being the same the last 20 years, a new product will improve in almost every way. Studies by Followit suggest that a new version can save up to 30% energy than the last one. This will result in a longer lifetime for the product. Going away from component selection to achieve the desired sending frequency to have a version that can be adjusted directly in a computer program is also desired. By using this advanced radio sending on two bands at the same time can be accomplished, before only one frequency was available at each board. Inclusion of an inertial measurement unit and real-time clock makes this a more advanced and versatile product. The thesis includes a first printed circuit board prototype and one final design which is ready to produce by the production team. To ensure that the development process proceeds as planned in following steps, thorough testing is done both in hardware and in software. Further programming is left for the developers at hand. The results of this work is a four-layer circuit board that is 25x15 mm in size and holds components on both sides. All but one component is tested and works as intended on the board. The system is programmed to run a simple code which tests the different systems and components. To test the wireless radio transmissions a small radio pulse is sent out which can be captured by a receiver. A first simple casing is done to enclose both the circuit board and battery as a complete system. / Övervakning och spårning har kommit långt på senare tid. De flesta nya bilar, telefoner och smarta klockor har en inbyggd spårningsenhet. Detta är bara en av flera olika tekniker som används för att övervaka och spåra. Idag är det svårt att gå någonstans utan att det finns något sätt att följa dig. Konsten att spåra är något som funnits under en länge tid och ett företag som har tagit denna teknik till nästa steg är Followit. I över 40 år har de byggt olika typer av sattelit- och radiosändare för att spåra allt mellan små djur som harar och hundar till elefanter. De har även spårningsutrustning till en rad fordon som bilar, båtar, lastbilar och grävmaskiner. Syftet med denna rapport är att utveckla en radiosändare som kan sända på både VHF och UHF bandet vilket är bättre än den tidigare enheten som används av Followit. Medan den nuvarande produkten har varit densamma de senaste 20 åren, kommer den nya produkten att förbättras på nästan alla punkter. Studier genomförda av Followit visar att en ny version kan spara upp till 30% energi jämfört med den förra. Detta kommer att resultera i en längre livslängd för produkten. Det är även önskvärt att gå bort från komponentval för att uppnå önskad sändningsfrekvens för att få en version som istället kan justeras direkt i ett datorprogram. Genom att använda denna avancerade radiomodul kan data sändas på två frekvensband samtidigt. Föregående produkt kunde endast skicka på en frekvens åt gången. Inkluderingen av en accelerometer och realtidsklocka gör detta till en mer avancerad och mångsidig produkt. Rapporten innehåller en första mönsterkortsprototyp och en slutlig design som är redo att produceras. För att säkerställa att utvecklingsprocessen framskrider som planerat i efterkommande steg, görs grundlig testning både i hård- och mjukvara. Ytterligare programmering lämnas till utvecklarna på plats. Resultatet av detta arbete är ett fyra lagers mönsterkort som är 25x15 mm och har komponenter på båda sidorna. Alla utom en komponent är testad och fungerar som planerat.Systemet är programmerat för att köra en enkel kod som testar de olika systemen och komponenterna var för sig. För att testa de trådlösa radioöverföringarna skickas en liten radiopuls ut som kan fångas av en mottagare.En första enkel kapsling är gjord för att stoppa in både mönsterkortet och batteriet till en komplett produkt.