Technological and industrial advances have resulted in the growth of large enterprises.Optimization models have been developed to increase the efficiency of partsof these systems, but models that optimize entire enterprises are frequently immenseand very complex to solve. Sequential solution techniques have resulted, which leadto useful, but not globally optimal, solutions. For example, airlines develop flightschedules based on strategic business objectives, and sequentially plan operationalprocesses to execute the schedule. Proven models that exist for the operationalsubproblems are solved sequentially, begin with a flight schedule, and allow limitedfeedback in the planning process. Since small changes to the individual parts haveproduced millions of dollars in improvement, an overall optimal solution could yielda significant increase in the airline's profit.We consider a modelling paradigm that moves toward integrated methods for theairline schedule planning phase using surrogate representations of the operationalproblems. In this context, surrogate models are relatively easy to solve, yet suffi-ciently representative of the operational problem to reflect its impact on schedulechoices. To illustrate, we develop surrogate models of maintenance scheduling, crewscheduling, and revenue generation. We solve the master schedule problem with eachsurrogate model using well-known decomposition techniques, and then combine thesurrogates into a single model that is readily decomposed into multiple subproblemsand solved.The model developments include additional considerations in constructing surrogatemodels. For example, to demonstrate validation of a surrogate's utility, wecompared the feasibility indications from the maintenance subproblem surrogate tothose from a larger, exact model of maintenance feasibility. The crew scheduling surrogatemodel development incorporates disruptions in the master schedule, drivingthe schedule to account for both crew costs and the impact of random disruptions.Finally, in the revenue management subproblem, we consider random demand thatimpacts a schedule's profitability.While surrogate solutions are inherently of little utility operationally, the resultsare useful for shaping the master schedule towards a global optimum. The paradigmallows for consideration of the subproblems in initial planning, so that solutionsobtained from the full models are based on a schedule that may lead to a betteroverall bottom line.

Diploma thesis is focused on enterprise planning. The main part of the thesis is dedicated to the design of the planning model in the SW company, which comes from real condition of big SW company. The first chapter introduces the world of enterprise planning to the reader. There are clarified reasons of current rise of demand in this area of planning and the advantages of its use. The following chapter explains the essential theory related to enterprise planning area. It also mentions other system approaches to enterprise planning. In the end of the chapter there are described main principles of the CPM concept and its relation to enterprise planning. The fourth chapter is aimed at the current state, requirements and the issues of the planning processes in companies. The outcome of this chapter is set of recommendations for company planning process and company plans itself. The next chapter familiarizes the reader with the current market situation of the planning suites. There are described main players on this market (and their products), acquisitions proceeded in last time and awaited evolution in future. The sixth chapter is focused on the real planning project itself. It introduces the used product -- Cognos Planning. It follows with description of the main principles of model building -- the essential terminology, key plan objects on which basis is the model built and the process of the model development. At the end of chapter is the summary of the project and its contribution to company. The end of thesis depicts expected progress in this sphere of planning and evaluates the fulfillment of thesis targets and its contribution to this area.

The diploma thesis deals with the influences on business planning, to which companies adapt in effort to succeed in a dynamic production and market environment. The influencing effect causing changes in the production company and the ability to react flexibly can eliminate possible losses or outages in production. However, adaptation leads to significant interventions throughout the company's value chain. The theoretical part presents the possibilities of business planning, which can have a significantly useful impact on management of the order across the pre-production and production stages. In the practical part, simulation models are demonstrated proofing nagative influencing effects. Then the methodology is compiled, witch leads the future user, how to limit or eliminate both internal and external disturbing effects.