Erythrocytic inclusion body syndrome (EIBS) was artificially established in selected stocks of juvenile fall and spring chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), chum salmon (0. keta), coho salmon (0. kisutch), Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), and rainbow trout (0. mykiss). Adult spring chinook salmon were also artificially infected with the EIBS virus. Adult male chinook had higher prevalences of EIBS inclusion bodies than females. Cytoplasmic inclusion bodies that are associated with EIBS were not observed in steelhead (0. mykiss), brown (Salmo trutta) nor brook (Salvelinus fontinalis) trout suggesting that these stocks are less susceptible to the EIBS virus. Coho salmon with EIBS were more susceptible to Flexibacter psychrophilus, the causative agent of cold water disease (CWD) than fish without EIBS. The fish with EIBS were most susceptible to F. psychrophilus during the first 20 days after virus exposure, when inclusion bodies were most prevalent. Coho salmon infected with both the EIBS virus and F. psychrophilus required a longer recovery period than fish exposed to either pathogen alone. Most investigations of EIBS require in vivo experimentation and artificial infections using diseased fish tissues. Heterologous tissue used to establish EIBS did not contribute to anemia nor mortality. Death was not attributed to the EIBS virus alone but to the combined effects of the virus and a secondary pathogen. The severity of EIBS may be reduced with dietary Vitamin C prophylaxis. Fish fed 1,000 mg ascorbic acid/ Kg of diet had the fewest signs of EIBS; they had the highest hematocrit values and the lowest incidence of cytoplasmic inclusion bodies. However, vitamin C therapy alone was not sufficient to prevent the disease. / Graduation date: 1992

Benzylpenicillin, a-aminobenzylpenicillin, phenoxymethylpenicillin, and 2,6-dimethoxy-phenylpenicillin were incubated with whole human blood. Migration patterns into human erythrocytes were compared spectrophotometrically.A possible inhibition effect by chloroquine on benzyl-[14C]-penicillin in red blood cells was studied via a Beckman LS-100C Liquid Scintillation Counter.An intraerythrocytic protein, carbonic anhydrase, was investigated as being responsible for the hydrolysis of benzylpenicillin. Three carbonic anhydrases (a, b, and c) were quantitatively measured via a Beckman IR 4250 Spectrophotometer for their effect upon the a-lactam ring of benzylpenicillin.Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306

Diss. (sammanfattning) Linköping : Linköpings universitet, 2008. / Härtill 5 uppsatser. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2009. / Title from PDF title page (viewed on Feb. 10, 2010). Includes bibliographical references.

(Uncorrected OCR) Abstract Porphobilinogen (PBG) synthase condenses two molecules of aminolaevulinic acid (ALA) to form PBG in heme biosynthesis. The enzyme activity is sensitive to inhibition by heavy metals such as lead. It can act as a biological indicator of chronic lead POis~r\g to identify the risk group, especially in children, so that early treatment can be given to prevent possible permanent damages. A reversed-phase ion-pair HPLC analytical method for the assay of the PBG synthase activity based on detection of PBG production has been validated. A Hypersil CN column (150 x 4.6 mm; 5 urn) was employed together with a mixture of acetonitrile-40 mM phosphate buffer at pH 2.4 with 5 mM 1-heptanesulphonic acid (8:92, v/v). UV detection was performed at 240 nm. PBG was eluted as a spectrally pure peak resolved from its impurities in the methanol-inhibited enzyme reaction. The method was sensitive with a limit of quantitation of 2 ~M. The within-run and between-run precisions were 8.2% and 13.8% respectively. The recovery was 93.4 �7.1% (n=6). The preliminary reference range of the PBG synthase activities in the local pediatric population were from 21.5 to 26.3 ~mol/L RBC/min. Bland and Altman statistical analysis showed that the HPLC assay and the colorimetric assay could not be used interchangeably. The HPLC assay was an alternative way to assess the PBG synthase activities in the human erythrocyte samples. IV / abstract / toc / Medical Sciences / Master / Master of Medical Sciences

No description available.

The mechanism of zinc transport has been investigated in red cells from normal humans, lampreys, sheep, sickle cell anaemia patients and in bovine chondrocytes. In all the cell types investigated except for lamprey red cells, zinc transport is mainly via the anion exchanger (band 3), which accounts for over 80% of total measured zinc uptake, when the medium contains no zinc binding ligands. Zinc uptake via the band 3 pathway is stimulated by the presence of bicarbonate (5mM) and inhibited by treatment with DIDS or SITS (10andmu;M). This anion-dependent mechanism represents the major route for zinc transport across the cell membrane in vitro. The presence of the zinc binding ligands albumin and histidine in the media greatly reduced the uptake of zinc via the anion exchanger due to the decrease in free zinc concentration. Histidine, in addition to its chelating effect, shows a specific facilitating effect on zinc uptake in all the cell types. This stimulating effect of histidine was stereospecific (significantly different between L-, and D-histidine) in red cells from normal humans and sickle cell anaemia patients, but not in red cells from lampreys, sheep, and bovine chondrocytes. Evidence from all cell types strongly suggests that the stimulus is due to the cotransport of zinc and histidine via the histidine transport systems, which are system L, and y* in normal human and sickle red cells; a non-stereospecific L-like system in lamprey red cells and bovine chondrocytes; system C or unknown specific histidine transporter in sheep red cells. The amino acid linked zinc uptake may represent a physiologically significant mechanism for zinc transport into cells.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Linköping : Linköpings universitet, 2008. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst., 2005. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.

Thesis (M.S. )--University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 1999 / Title from title page screen (viewed on July 16, 2008). Research advisor: Eugene C. Eckstein. Document formatted into pages (91 p. : ill.). Vita. Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 73-77).