Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:17:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2005 - Jose Marcio Pimentel Martins.pdf: 659991 bytes, checksum: 0bc398add38956a83884eac082b821df (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-07-22 / Fumonisins are a group of mycotoxins produced by species of the gender Fusarium, fungi of world wide distribution and with high prevalence in grains, mainly in corn, that frequently transmit these toxins to by-products or to foods destined to the human and animal consumption. The fumonisins are specific inhibitors of the synthesis of sphingolipids, causing sphinganine (Sa) and sphingosine (So) accumulations in the cells. The proportion among Sa and So has been told as being an effective intoxication biomarker for fumonisins in animals and humans. Could be used as a biomarker, in epidemic risings about the exhibition of a certain population to the fumonisins. In the equine it causes leukoencephalomalacia (ELEM), pulmonary edema in swine, liver toxicity, liver carcinogenicity and kidney disease in rats, poultry and rabbits, besides several effects in the immune system. The main ingredient of the rations used for swine is the corn and their derived and for that the mycotoxins research, especially fumonisins in the rations used in pigs farms is of vital importance due to the carted economical losses. There were used samples of blood and urine of four swine farms that provided swine to the slaughterhouse, in the municipal district of Rio de Janeiro. The samples of blood were obtained during the sangria and urine from vesical puncture. All samples were maintained under cooling and freezing until the analysis. The number of collected samples was regarding 10 % of the animals sloughed of each property / day, making the total of 76 samples, for 60 days. For the sphingolipids determination the methods used were proposed by CASTEGNARO et al. (1996, 1998), for analysis in liquid chromatograph of high efficiency. The results demonstrated that 17,77 % of the serum samples had the typical profile of intoxication for fumonisins, in 11,11 % it showed suggestive profile of the aflatoxins influence. In one of the properties 100 % of the appraised animals presented typical alterations of fumonisin action. For the urine samples, 26 % indicated the typical action of the fumonisins and in 39,13 % the alterations indicated the influence of the aflatoxins besides the fumonisins. Therefore the use of this biomarker for detecting fumonisin exposition in natural conditions was shown effective, however it should be considered the behavior as much of the Sa as So, allowing a deeper evaluation. / Fumonisinas s?o m grupo de micotoxinas produzidas por esp?cies do g?nero Fusarium, fungo de ampla distribui??o mundial e com alta preval?ncia em gr?os, principalmente no milho, que freq?entemente veiculam estas toxinas para subprodutos ou para alimentos destinados ao consumo humano e animal. As fumonisinas s?o inibidores espec?ficos da s?ntese dos esfingolip?dios, causando ac?mulos de esfinganina (Sa) e esfingosina (So) nas c?lulas. A propor??o entre Sa e So tem sido relatada como sendo eficaz biomarcador de intoxica??o por fumonisinas em animais e humanos, podendo ser utilizada em levantamentos epidemiol?gicos sobre a exposi??o de uma determinada popula??o ?s fumonisinas. Nos eq??deos causam leucoencefalomal?cia eq?ina (LEME), edema pulmonar e hidrot?rax em su?nos, hepatotoxidez, hepatocarcinogenicidade e nefropatias em ratos, aves e coelhos, al?m de diversos efeitos no sistema imune. O principal ingrediente das ra??es utilizadas para su?nos ? o milho e seus derivados e por isso a pesquisa de micotoxinas, em especial fumonisinas nas ra??es utilizadas em suinoculturas ? de vital import?ncia devido ?s perdas econ?micas acarretadas. Foram utilizadas amostras de sangue e urina de quatro granjas fornecedoras de um abatedouro de su?nos, localizado no munic?pio do Rio de Janeiro. As amostras de sangue foram obtidas durante a sangria e as de urina por pun??o vesical, no momento da eviscera??o.Todas mantidas sob refrigera??o e congelamento at? a an?lise. O n?mero de amostras coletadas foi referente a 10 % dos animais abatidos de cada propriedade / dia, perfazendo o total de 76 amostras, durante 60 dias. Para determina??o de esfingolip?dios foram utilizados os m?todos propostos por CASTEGNARO et al. (1996, 1998), para an?lise por cromatografia l?quida de alta efici?ncia. Os resultados demonstraram que 17,77 % das amostras de soro tinham o perfil t?pico de intoxica??o para fumonisinas, em 11,11 % apresentaram perfil sugestivo da influ?ncia de aflatoxinas. Em uma das propriedades 100 % dos animais avaliados apresentaram altera??es t?picas da a??o das fumonisinas. Nas amostras de urina, 26 % indicaram a a??o t?pica das fumonisinas e em 39,13 % as altera??es indicaram a influ?ncia das aflatoxinas al?m das fumonisinas. A utiliza??o deste biomarcador em condi??es naturais mostrou-se eficaz na detec??o da exposi??o ?s fumonisinas, por?m deve-se considerar o comportamento tanto da So quanto de Sa, que permitem uma avalia??o mais abrangente.