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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Topical ropivacaine hydrochloride 0.5% and lidocaine hydrochloride 2% significantly reduce corneal sensitivity without short-term negative side effects in horses

Minaldi, Michael 10 May 2024 (has links) (PDF)
Local anesthesia is critical for performing corneal procedures in horses. Studying non- ophthalmic local anesthetics for corneal use is necessary because the efficacy and availability of ophthalmic preparations may be limited. This study aimed to evaluate the effects and potential adverse consequences of ropivacaine hydrochloride 0.5% and lidocaine hydrochloride 2% when applied topically to the corneas of eight healthy equids compared to an eyewash control. Data collection occurred over one week. Corneal touch threshold (CTT) was assessed via Cochet-Bonnet esthesiometry before and at pre-determined times after medication application. Ocular toxicity was assessed immediately following each trial and prior to the second trial using the semiquantitative preclinical ocular toxicity system (SPOTS). Ropivacaine and lidocaine significantly reduced CTT from baseline values. However, mean CTT and time to maximum anesthesia were not significantly different between drugs. No local side effects were seen. Ropivacaine and lidocaine could be used topically to reduce corneal sensitivity.
2

Mensuração da sensibilidade corneana e produção lacrimal em cães diabéticos submetidos à facoemulsificação / Corneal sensitivity and lacrimal production measurement in diabetic dogs after phacoemulsification

Rodriguez, Emily Amin Khayat 16 November 2017 (has links)
A catarata, enfermidade ocular de etiopatogenia complexa, é uma das principais causas de perda de visão, em cães. As causas da doença são diversas, predominando a origem genética, seguida pelo diabetes mellitus. O tratamento da catarata é estritamente cirúrgico, sendo a facoemulsificação, atualmente, considerada a técnica de eleição na conduta terapêutica. O procedimento cirúrgico demanda a realização de incisão corneana para acesso à câmara anterior. A despeito das incisões reduzidas requeridas na sua consecução, comparativamente a outras técnicas como facectomias intra e extracapsulares, alterações da inervação corneana podem ser acarretadas, principalmente em pacientes diabéticos. A córnea é um dos tecidos mais densamente inervados do organismo, por isso, assume-se que, em maior ou menor grau, tais incisões possam comprometer sua sensibilidade e, também, influenciar na produção lacrimal. Portanto, visando avaliar tais consequências, concebeu-se aferir a sensibilidade corneana e a produção lacrimal aquosa, em cães diabéticos submetidos à facoemulsificação. Estes parâmetros foram investigados em dez cães diabéticos com idade, sexo, raça e peso variáveis. O procedimento cirúrgico foi realizado somente em um olho (olho tratado - OT) e o olho contralateral foi considerado como controle (olho controle - OC). A sensibilidade da córnea foi mensurada com o estesiômetro de Cochet-Bonnet e a produção lacrimal pelo teste da lágrima de Schirmer. Também foi medida a pressão intraocular e verificada a ocorrência ou não de hiperemia conjuntival, blefarospasmo e edema de córnea para detecção de complicações pós-operatórias. Os parâmetros foram aferidos previamente ao procedimento cirúrgico (M0 - valores basais) e, posteriormente, após sete (M1), 15 (M2), 30 (M3), 90 (M4) e 180 dias (M5). Houve diferença estatística nos valores de estesiometria (em cm e g/mm2) (p=0,0138), em OT, entre M0 e todos os momentos pós-operatórios (M1 a M5). Em OT, individualmente, evidenciou-se diferença entre os tempos M0 e M1 (p<0,005). Também houve diferença entre OC e OT (p<0,0032) quanto aos valores da estesiometria. Não foram verificadas diferenças significativas nos demais parâmetros avaliados, nos diferentes momentos pós-operatórios e entre OC e OT. / The cataract is an ocular disease of complex etiopathogenesis and one of the main causes of blindness in dogs. The disease sources are diverse and genetic origin is predominant, followed by diabetes mellitus. The treatment of cataract is strictly surgical and, nowadays, the phacoemulsification is the technique more indicated. The surgical procedure requires a corneal incision to access the anterior chamber. Despite minor incisions required (compared to other techniques such as intra and extracapsular facectomy), corneal innervation may be injured, especially in diabetic patients. Therefore, these incisions may compromise the sensitivity and also the lacrimal production. This study aimed to evaluate these consequences, through measurement of the corneal sensitivity and the aqueous lacrimal production in diabetic dogs submitted to phacoemulsification. The parameters were investigated in ten diabetic dogs with different ages, genders, breeds and weights. The surgical procedure was performed in one eye (treated eye - TE) and the contralateral eye was the control (control eye - CE). Corneal sensitivity was measured with the Cochet-Bonnet esthesiometer and lacrimal production with the Schirmer tear test, in both eyes. The intraocular pressure was also measured and the occurrence or not of conjunctival hyperemia, blepharospasm and corneal edema was verified for the detection of postoperative complications. The parameters were measured prior to the surgery (M0 - baseline values) and after seven (M1), 15 (M2), 30 (M3), 90 (M4) and 180 days (M5). Significant differences were observed in the values of esthesiometry (in cm and g/mm2) (p = 0.0138), in TE, between M0 and postoperative moments. There was a significant difference between M0 and M1, in TE (p <0.005). There was also a significant difference between CE and TE (p <0.0032) for the esthesiometry. The other parameters did not show significant differences in the postoperative moments and between CE and TE.

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