Thesis presented for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY In the School of Education Faculty of Humanities University of Cape Town, 2006 / There have been many national and provincial studies on children’s literacy levels in recent years in South Africa. However, none has determined the teachers’ own understandings of the core indicators of an effective reading teacher. During a preliminary feasibility study, the researcher was surprised to discover how many under-qualified teachers there were who had a limited professional understanding of current primary school reading instructions, approaches and practices. To assess more accurately these experienced teachers’ perceived professional competencies in teaching reading, the current study reports the development, refinement, validation and implementation of a conveniently self-administered profile of professional competencies designated the “Core Indicators of an Effective Reading Teacher Questionnaire” (CIERTQ). The researcher (the writer) gathered and analysed theoretically coherent feedback data from more than 1000 qualified, experienced and active reading teachers to establish a set of competencies describing teachers’ professional understandings of their pedagogical reading tasks. These clarified roles - as outcomes of the thesis - can be fed back to, and integrated with, teachers attending future literacy programmes and policies in economically developing countries, as well as serving to enable present and future teachers of reading to self-identify and improve possible aspects of their daily classroom activities. The present study is grounded in the social constructivist, socio-and psycho-linguistic theories originating from the works of Piaget (1969), Vygotsky (1930), Cambourne (2004) and Goodman (2005). Their foundational principles and literacies, together with relevant educator competencies specified and described in the South African National Education Department’s Norms and Standards for Educators document (2000) and in both the Foundation Phase (Grades R – 4) (1997) and Intermediate Phase (Grades 4 – 6) (1997) were defined and then applied to the derivation of all items in the CIERTQ. The CIERTQ instrument evolved through three phases of validation. First, the preliminary improvements in the questionnaire developed through seven formative versions as it passed through successive pilot trials with different small groups of self-selected reading teachers (teachers from grades 2 – 7, principals, subject advisors, learning support teachers, final year teacher training students and lecturers) from 1999 to early 2002. Phases two and three formed the major part of this research. Participants in phase 2 were introduced to Concentrated Language Encounter (CLE), an innovative reading programme implemented and expanded annually between 2001 and 2005, in 4900 new classrooms in 308 developing schools, in South Africa’s Western Cape region. Phase two involved further development and refinement of the CIERTQ. Version 8 was administered to 533 reading teachers in early 2002. It was re-administered to 360 teachers six months later. 173 of the pre-tested teachers were present at both the pre-and repeat workshops. After qualitative and quantitative analysis of the generated data, version 8 of the CIERTQ was improved and version 9 was reformulated in readiness for another large-scale trial. Phase three was the final administration of the CIERTQ, version 9, to a new relevant selfselected study group of 144 reading teachers who were attending the 2003 National Professional Diploma in Education course in teaching Literacy in the primary schools offered in the Education Faculty of the Cape Technikon. Throughout phases two and three several cautious varimax normalised factor analyses were engaged to refine and develop the questionnaire, within the context of teaching reading in economically developing schools in South Africa. The final instrument comprised 41 items which clustered into eight factors or dimensions of pedagogy. Particularly prominent factors with factor loadings between 0.50 and 0.72 were interpreted as (1) pedagogically strategic items (which included reading for meaning and application, reading for strategy development and other items of support); (2) reading for meaning and interpretation; and (3) reading for socialising (which included reading for research and surveillance). Almost all of the Cronbach alpha reliability coefficients for the eight sectors of versions 7 to 9 of the CIERTQ varied in the range of α = 0.70 – 0.87. Finally, the responses to the items were re-analysed and presented in relation to the foundational theories of literacy and to the South African’s Department of National Education, Revised National Curriculum Statement (2002) to produce an underlying coherent pattern of interpretation. Thus, overall, a valid and reliable instrument was produced, through refined consensus, with potential for use in augmenting further literacy research. Such future-orientated research is already a recently stated major policy focus of the current Minister of Education in South Africa for the years 2006 – 2009. This study presents a unique contribution to knowledge. The CIERTQ appears to have wide validity for primary schools that operate with multilingual reading cultures and diverse reading approaches, particularly in economically developing regions of South Africa and possibly beyond. The investigation makes recommendations for modifications to policy in terms of (a) introducing minor reform to the existing learning outcomes and (b) formulating an additional five new assessment standards for the South African’s Department of Education, Revised National Curriculum Statement (2002) Home Language document. For policy writers it may be useful to study the emergent well-defined sector names of the CIERTQ which convey a broader and a more holistic understanding of reading than those expressed in the policy document. The findings of the study answer the key research question: “Is it possible to develop, refine, validate and implement a profile of professional competencies of effective reading teachers for the South African context?” The answer is clearly in the affirmative, thereby corroborating and consolidating the current literacy theories of Cambourne (2004), and Goodman (2005) and the South African Norms and Standard for Educators (2000) document in South Africa’s unique educational context at the commencement of the 21st century.

Orientador: Sebastião de Amorim / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Matematica, Estatistica e Ciencia da Computação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-14T00:32:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Verdi_LuisAntonioRodrigues_M.pdf: 1382867 bytes, checksum: 384c9560217db4f26b372cda1b255e80 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1991 / Resumo: O Esquema CIássico de Shewhart para a construção de gráficos de controle para a média de um processo estabelece limites superior e intefior de controle em torno do valor objetivo M. Amostras são retiradas a intervalos regulares ho e os valores médios X são plotados sequencialmente no gráfico. Um valor de X fora dos limites de controle determina que o processo seja considerado fora de controle e que as ações apropriadas sejam tomadas. Para se garantir proteção adequada contra alarmes falsos,. os limites de controle são posicionados distantres de M. fazendo com que o esquema seja pouco ágil na detecção de perturbações estáveis na média do processo ¿Observação: O resumo, na íntegra poderá ser visualizado no texto completo da tese digital. / Abstract: The Classic Shewhart. Scheeme for constructing control charts for the mean of a process establishes upper and lower control limits around the target value M. Samples of a fixed size No are drawn at regular intervals of length ho and the averages X are plotted sequentialy. A value of X outside the control limits determines the process to be considered out of control and that the appropriate actions be taken. To assure adequate protection agains false alarms the control 1imits are positioned far from M. This renders the scheeme slow in detecting stab1e shifs of smal1 magnitude in the mean of the process ...Note: The complete abstract is available with the full electronic digital thesis or dissertations. / Mestrado / Mestre em Estatística

Orientador : Sebastião de Amorim / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Matematica, Estatistica e Ciencia da Computação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-14T00:43:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lemos_IvanioGeraldo_M.pdf: 858580 bytes, checksum: 6588917fa7addc219b68d97215690672 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1991 / Resumo: Neste trabalho, nós consideramos o Esquema Clássico de Shewhart para a construção de gráficos de controle X, com parâmetros n0, k0 e h0 . Numa tentativa de melhorar sua rapidez na detecção de perturbações estáveis na média do processo, nós estabelecemos, na região interna aos limites de controle, uma faixa central, definida por um limite inferior e um limite superior de alerta, tal que, se uma observação cair dentro dos limites de controle, a próxima amostra será de tamanho ng se ela cair fora da faixa central, np, caso contrário, com ng > np. Este novo esquema, que denominamos nV, é mantido com os mesmos custos básicos que o Esquema Clássico Shewhart de referência, pela escolha conveniente de np, ng e largura da faixa central, garantindo que E[n / X E (LIC,LSC)] = n0 enquanto o processo estiver sob controle. Nós desenvolvemos formalmente as propriedades básicas de estatísticas deste esquema, mostramos que ele melhora o ECS em termos do tempo médio esperado entre a ocorrência e a detecção de perturbações estáveis na média do processo, em vários contextos de importância práticas. Os resultados são abundantemente ilustrados com simulações de Monte Carlo / Abstract: In this work we consider Shewhart's Classical Scheeme for the construction of X control charts, with parameters n0, k0 e h0 . In an atempt to improve its promptness to detect stable shifts on the process' mean, we establish, in the region inside the control limits, a central stripe defined by a lower and an upper warning limit, such that, if one observation falls inside the control limits the next sample size will be np if it falls outside the warning limits and ng, otherwise, with ng > np. This new scheeme, which we call nV, is kept with the same basic costs as the reference Shehwart's scheeme, by choosing np , ng and the width of the central stripe such that E[n / X E (UCL,LCL)] = no, as long as the process is kept under control. We formally develop the basic statistical properties of this new scheeme, and show that it improves Shewhart's basic aproach in terms of the expected time between occurence and detection of the stable shift on the process' average, in several situations of practical interest. The results are abundantly ilustrated thru Monte Carlo simulations / Mestrado / Mestre em Estatística

Orientador: Sebastião de Amorim / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Matematica, Estatistica e Ciencia da Computação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-14T03:43:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Silva_GladstonLuizda_M.pdf: 1557485 bytes, checksum: f73141eef6f694545997fee0d2f352f0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1992 / Resumo: Neste trabalho são apresentados esquemas alternativos ao gráfico de controle proposto por ShewheHt, segundo o modelo básico de Duncan para o planejarnento econômico de gráficos de controle. No Capítulo 1 faz-se uma revisão bibliográfica, onde algumas alternativas ao gráfico de controle X são apreciadas dando motivação à execução deste trabalho. No Capítulo 2 apresentamos os gráficos de controle com tamanhos amostrais variados, onde as m Últimas observações são consideradas. Os resultados obtidos apresentam ganhos significativos de eficiência em processos que apresentam perturbações na média. O processo com 1n = 1 é uma Cadeia de Markov e, corno al foi modelada, determinando-se a expressão que permite calcular o tempo médio gasto para que perturbações na média sejam detectadas. Simulações Monte Carlo dos processos propostos são apresentadas no Capítulo, onde alguns delineamentos amostrais sào avaliados, verificando-se excepcionais ganhos de eficiência com relação ao esquema proposto por Shewlwrt. As conclusões dos resultados obtidos são apresentadas a seguir. / Abstract: Not informed. / Mestrado / Mestre em Estatística

M.Com. (Accounting) / Please refer to full text to view abstract

M.A. (Semitic Languages And Cultures) / Please refer to full text to view abstract

M.A. (Greek) / Please refer to full text to view abstract

Large bodies of keratophyric tuffs and keratophyric flows from Harrison Mills, British Colombia are described structurally and petrologically. The origin of the albitic feldspar in these rocks is discussed and concluded to be primary. Petrological comparisons are made between the tuffs and the flows. Both types of rocks were artificially fused to glasses, and the refractive indices of these glasses are compared. From these studies the tuffs and the lavas are concluded to be consanguineous. The keratophyric flows were analysed chemically and found similar to keratophyric rocks from other localities. The origin of the lavas is discussed. It is concluded that these rocks were probably formed by differentiation of a trondjhemitic magma possibly contaminated by soda rich sediments. / Science, Faculty of / Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Department of / Graduate

M.Com. (Enterprise Management) / The current imbalance between black and white managers in relation to the composition of the population, will have to be adjusted through affirmative action. As these managers will have no training or experience in the field of management this will result in the current shortage of experienced and trained managers being enlarged. The books of reference available to a new, inexperienced manager, is impressive in volume and in immensity. These managers find this situation confusing. The problem these manager's experience is that no practical guide is available to help them solve their daily problems. This study will serve as an academically founded professional reference guide for the new, inexperienced manager in South Africa. This study has no empirical foundation, as it is not trying to determine what the new, inexperienced manager does not. but should know. Therefor a study of literature only is used. The study does not refer to any models and theories and only certain management problems for their practical nature are addressed. This study cannot be seen as the beginning and end of the specific problems, but only as a possible solution. The question and answer technique is used to address the functions of the enterprise and basic and additional management responsibilities.

The purpose of this study was to explore how members exit totalistic organizations. Existing organizational communication research has treated employee membership in an employment institution as the universal organizational relationship. This study argues that certain organizational relationships are best understood not by the presence or absence of pay, however, but in relation to the extent of organizational reach into the member's life outside the organization. This study advances the notion that such totalistic organizations share important characteristics including value-based memberships, centrality of organizational values to the member's life, the involvement of primary relationships, and a requirement of organizational fealty. This study advances the study of organizational exit within this totalistic context. A microstoria narrative analysis was used to examine the exit narratives of members of both paid and unpaid totalistic organizations (police officers and firefighters: N = 50, and the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints: N = 50) to gain a better understanding of exit from totalistic organizations. The findings of this study suggest several contributions to the study of organizational communication and exit. First, the findings of this study expand our definition of organizational memberships beyond current literature, which defines memberships based on payment. Second, consideration of totalistic exit challenges existing models of role/vocational socialization, suggesting that foundational values can originate from an organizational source. Third, the process of exit revealed by the narratives of this study suggests a view of exit that was unlike both current phasic models or considerations of volunteer exit. The process of exiting a totalistic organization was less linear and more prolonged than exit describe by existing literature, and was marked by deep personal doubts and fears. Finally, members of totalistic organizations described active concealment of both their decisions to exit, and the doubts about both the organization and the self that contribute to exit, suggesting a communicative pattern during the exit process that diverges from the expected announcement/exit phase of Jablin's (2001) model.