The Liar is one of the Danish writer Martin A. Hansen's best known and popular novels. The Liar is influenced by existentialism, one can call it a work of Christian existentialism. In my thesis I demonstrate which main features of Christian existentialism are present in the novel. In the first part I describe existentialism as philosophy. Existentialism came from France to Denmark. It is a philosophy that focuses on the concrete individual. People must create their own existentence by accepting responsibility for their action. The important concepts are freedom, choice and responsibility. They denote the authentic existence. People in the inauthentic existence are passive, they don't act and don't accept responsibility. Existentialism takes up the question of freedom, too. But one is condemned to freedom and can't escape. That's why the world is absurd and incomprehensible. One can find most of the existentialist elements in The Liar. The protagonist Johannes Vig lives an inauthentic existence. He likes to lie to the people. He is passive, he doesn't act. In the middle of the novel he understands that he didn't live right and tries to find a better way of living. It is not easy, Johannes has lost the fight about Annemari (the girl he loves) and slept with Rigmor (the woman who loves him). But now he has...

This master's thesis is focused on the theme of being and having in concrete works of John Fowles. The aim of this thesis is to analyse literary existentialism in the works of this eminent British prosaist. The thesis mainly concentrates on his first novel The Collector in connection with the theme of money and the question of human physical and mental freedom. Then the thesis compares Fowles' essays with his novel The Collector, particularly with a collection of his private philosophy The Aristos and his essays about nature Seeing Nature Whole, The Tree, The Enigma of Stonehenge.

The thesis presents the work of the Spanish author Miguel de Unamuno and is focused on female characters in his novels Paz en la guerra, Amor y Pedagogía, Niebla, Abel Sánchez, Tres novelas ejemplares y un prólogo, La tía Tula and San Manuel Bueno, mártir. The portrayal of female characters is showed in the context of Unamuno's philosophy and existential concepts, which he dealt with a lifetime - genuine faith in God, the significance of love, the eternal conflict between sense and sensibility and the desire for eternal life. Furthermore, the thesis presents the social and historical background at the turn of the 19th century and women's role in the Spanish society of the same period. Unamuno's conception of novels and his own genre, called "nivola", could not be omitted.

Master essay "Freedom and autonomy in work of Jean-Paul Sartre" engages Sartre's literature and drama. It is trying to find some elements of the author's philosophy, which are included in his stories. Because of that, I indicated some significant thematic spheres based on author s phil- osophical works - Freedom and responsibility of human; Feeling of anxiety and subsequent insincerity; Freedom in interpersonal relationships. Significantly I observed the presence of mentioned themes during detailed analysis of Sartre's fictions and dramas. I managed to prove that Sartre's literature and dramas don't just include mentioned thematic elements, but it is even adapted to display these philosophical themes in the stories, novels or dramas. It confirms the thesis that Sartre was creating his literature and dramas to spread his own philosophical ideas to whole society. Personally, I evaluate this as the big contribution of the author.

This thesis provides a written record of the oveall stage design process, an analysis of the process and results that ensued from J.p.Satreś The Fliies. Varous observations about contemporary society combined with Satreś theories on Existentialism giving the necessary backgournd for the design aspect of my work. It includes my personal analys of the play throughout all the major dramatic situations along with sketches and photographs providing details on my final design..

The main catalyst of the narrative in The Heart of the Matter (1948) is pity and faith of the main protagonist. This thesis deals with Greene's unique conception of pity and faith. It is particularly faith and pity which represent keystones in number of Greene's novels. In The Heart of the Matter, Greene's personal and religious interests culminate. The theoretical part of the thesis provides a brief and comprehensive overview of Greene's life, his religious and political views, his unrelenting interest in human experience and at the same time, it aims to place him in the context of the 20th century. The central part of the thesis is dedicated to the detailed analysis of the novel along with the interpretation of key concepts and ideas.

The aim of this thesis is to introduce a renowned French author Albert Camus and subsequently develop my own conclusion on one of his major works - The Stranger (1942). In the first part I introduce the personality of Albert Camus's in the context of philosophical history, literature and drama. I aim to explain the background of his life in the first part of the 20th century, particularly the influence of his origin in Algiers, at that time politically and culturally dominated by the French, in contrast with later residence in France itself. These influences promoted the principle of individuality in the work of Albert Camus and clearly directed him to his own interpretation of literary expression and existentialism. Further I outline the basic principles of this philosophy and I present his most important literary and dramatic works. More specifically I deal with the analysis of the novel The Stranger itself. The topic of next chapter is the presentation of Camus's selected work on the Czech as well as international stages and their specifications. In brief mention I present film adaptations as well. The second part goes in to analysing my own conclusions of The Stranger with a particular attention to the set design. This is closely related to the practical work of the thesis - designs of chosen scenes and scale models are included in the photographic documentation. I aim to explain how I use the actual text of the novel whilst adjusting its structure in relation to the stage design. Then I analyze in detail the various dramatic situations and scenes in terms of set design solutions. In short I present technical and lighting solutions of this production. Conclusion of this thesis refers to the contribution of Camus's work and its influence on the art scene of the 20th century.

In its complexity, human existence cannot be systematised and generalised into a compact concept. Existentialists are those who devoted themselves to Human individuality and phenomena fundamentally related, such as life, death, freedom, absurdity etc. However, considering the specifics of the philosophy of existentialism, it is not possible to only consider philosophers as the only bearers of this intellectual approach, but it is necessary to include certain individuals of world literature in this movement. The concept of human existence has transformed itself in various ways in their philosophy and works. Once it was dominated by the existence of God, to whom it was necessary to set one's mind on, at other times it was thrown into the bleakness and futility of a world without hope. However, the central topic was the same in each of them, the subject that is closest to us people, however, the subject that will always be the great unknown, regardless of the genial thoughts of Sören Kierkegaard, Martin Heidegger, Fjodor Michajlovič Dostojevsky and Albert Camus - the topic of mankind and its place in the world.

The work is divided into two chapters. In the first one the World's and Czech poets (chosen on the basis of Orten's list of reading) are analyzed. Those authors could be understood as impersonators or predecessors of the existential tendencies and it's provable Orten knew their works well (i.a. Rilke, Rimbaud, Akhmatova, Mácha, Weiner, Halas, Holan, Zahradníček, Bonn and Daniel). The second and more voluminous chapter consists of the motives' and topics' analysis of Orten's literary work, focused mainly on the poetry and less on the other literary genres - notes, letters, prose. The most of his poems and notes is based on the factual life experience and their ethos is founded on both existential and Christian moral philosophy. There's also an influence of some other intellectual tendencies and artistic styles like folk literature, romanticism, impressionism, less intensively expressionism, naturalism, psychoanalysis, surrealism and naturism. To get the coherent interpretation of Orten's work it's necessary to reflect (beside the existential motives) the pathos of the intimate traumatic relationship to the father, the girl(friend)s and the unborn child as well as the deeply Christian understanding of reality (connected with the biblical /The Old Testament/ dialogical relation to the God, the...

This thesis F. M. Dostoevsky: The Idiot deals with the life of the author with an emphasis on his work, which is always current, because it concerns itself with increasingly vital topics related to human life. The thesis also deals with issues that are key to understanding Dostoevsky and his perception of the world and discusses the previous staging of the play in the Czech Republic, focusing on the work of the director Miroslav Krobot. Primarily, however, this thesis represents a detailed analysis of Dostoevsky's The Idiot and a detailed analysis of the individual dramatic characters within the play, with a focus on their internal processes and relationships, which are then expressed through costume.