This thesis is engaged in the present economic crisis in Hungary and its concrete sources. The general part is focused on basics of economic policy and elements influencing internal and external economic balance of a country. The general part also describes abnormalities of economic policie in transition countries. Then the practical study attempts to approach economic and political development of Hungary in 90's and above all analyses particular factors affecting internal and external balance of this country. In this respect the study is concentrated on the period beginning from 2002 up to present. The aim is to study particular indicator development and analyse factors, which have caused actual economic crisis in Hungary. The conclusion contains prognosis for the closest upcoming period.

The purpose of this master thesis is to determine internal and external balance of the Italian economy and its development during the economic crisis after 2008. The theoretical part focuses on the definition of indicators of internal and external balance based on magic quadrangle. It also describes the main problems of the Italian economy, their interaction and the effect on the macroeconomic equilibrium. The practical part analyzes the development of the Italian economy during the crisis in terms of economic growth, unemployment, inflation and balance of payments, followed by the list of anti-crisis measures of the Italian government.

The aim of this thesis is to focus on external imbalance and fiscal imbalance, which are recognized to be the cause of financial crisis in Europe, in Slovakia and Estonia. The first part of the thesis is dedicated to provide a theoretical background of external imbalance of current account deficit and deficit of balance of payment. As well to provide the definition of causes and consequences of creation of state budget, public debt and graphic interpretation of economic tools by using IS-LM-BP model. The aim of the practical part of my thesis is based on analysis of balance of, deficit of state budget and public debt of Slovakia and Estonia. I particularly focused on processes that vanish the imbalances by financing with and without debt, market equalization process and active economic policy. Furthermore, I designed a graphic evolution of Slovakia and Estonia in the period of time after the spread of financial crisis by using the IS-LM-BP model.