Complex software systems are usually developed as systems of systems (SoS’s) in which multiple constituent applications are composed and coordinated to fulfill desired system-level requirements. The constituent applications must be augmented with suitable coordination-specific interfaces, through which they can participate in coordinated interactions. Such interfaces as well as coordination rules have a crosscutting nature. Therefore, to increase the reusability of the applications and to increase the comprehensibility of SoS’s, suitable mechanisms are required to modularize the coordination rules and interfaces from the constituent applications. We introduce a new abstraction named as architectural event modules (AEMs), which facilitate defining constituent applications and desired coordination rules as modules of SoS’s. AEMs augment the constituent applications with event-based facades to let them participate in coordinated interactions. We introduce the EventArch language in which the concept of AEMs is implemented, and illustrate its suitability using a case study.

Durch die Lebenszyklusanalyse von Bauwerkintegrierten Photovoltaik(BIPV)-Fassaden werden deren ökologische Vorteile gegenüber konventionellen Fassadenlösungen aufgezeigt. Die frühzeitige Analyse zu Beginn des Planungsprozesses ermöglicht es, die individuellen Potentiale von Baukörpern zu ermitteln und ermöglicht sichere Planungsentscheidungen durch Kennwerten. In dem Beitrag erfolgen Lebenszyklusanalysen an einem Fallbeispiel mit unterschiedlichen Betrachtungsebenen und methodischen Ansätzen. Es wird geprüft, welche Ansätze die Entscheidungsfindung von Architekt:innen und Planer:innen im Entwurfsprozess am besten unterstützen. Außerdem werden anwendungsbezogenen Erkenntnisse und Randbedingungen bei der Bilanzierung der Treibhausgasemissionen über den gesamten Lebenszyklus von BIPV-Fassaden identifiziert. / Life cycle analysis of building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) façades demonstrates their ecological advantages over conventional façade solutions. The early analysis at the beginning of the planning process makes it possible to determine the individual potential of building structures and enables reliable planning decisions based on characteristic values. In this article, life cycle analyses are carried out using a case study with different perspectives and methodological approaches. It is examined which approaches best support the decision-making of architects and planners in the design process. In addition, practical findings and boundary conditions for balancing greenhouse gas emissions over the entire life cycle of BIPV façades are identified.

Complex software systems are usually developed as systems of systems (SoS’s) in which multiple constituent applications are composed and coordinated to fulfill desired system-level requirements. The constituent applications must be augmented with suitable coordination-specific interfaces, through which they can participate in coordinated interactions. Such interfaces as well as coordination rules have a crosscutting nature. Therefore, to increase the reusability of the applications and to increase the comprehensibility of SoS’s, suitable mechanisms are required to modularize the coordination rules and interfaces from the constituent applications. We introduce a new abstraction named as architectural event modules (AEMs), which facilitate defining constituent applications and desired coordination rules as modules of SoS’s. AEMs augment the constituent applications with event-based facades to let them participate in coordinated interactions. We introduce the EventArch language in which the concept of AEMs is implemented, and illustrate its suitability using a case study.