This thesis deals with the fast-growing trees (FGT). The aim of the work will be to create a list of parameters, limiting or conditioning the creation of supply chains (or clusters), focused on the exploitation of local renewable energy sources. The theoretical part will focus on the harvest of FGT and their possible utilization. The practical part includes the views of people, representing different areas. The practical part will also include the calculation of area performance and initial costs in setting up FGT at the village of Smilovy Hory. In conclusion, findings will be summarized and evaluated.

This dissertation deal with problems of fast growing trees (FGT). The aim is to create transparent summary of views and problems, which the public perceives in connection with growing FGT. On the basis of discovered knowledge is to map conditions in Trebic region which have an influence on creating supplier customerś relations, focusing on growing and processing FGT. Visits, excursions, workshops and interview to gain some information was used for making this dissertation. This work provides summary of views appealing entities (producers FGT, mayors, farmers) and evaluating conditions which may affect cooperation among appealed entities from Trebic region. The discovered knowledge prove that the ability to make more difficult relations run into the factors: economic, social, mental, legislation, and technical conditions.

I de seneste år har forskning og udvikling på levende byer udviklet sig på grund af kompleksitet og mangfoldighed af levekårsstandarder. Cities all over the world are growing day by day. Developed countries are trying hard to reach a level where the liveable conditions can be achieved and they are managing this ongoing challenge with a certain standard. Liveable condition means ensuring every aspect of living elements. Fast growing countries like Bangladesh, India, Vietnam, Pakistan etc are developing but unfortunately they can not be considered as the desired liveable condition until now. In this paper, the author will focus on the liveable conditions of one fast growing city of developing countries, which is the capital city of Bangladesh, Dhaka. Det er et af de byområder som står over for mange udfordringer, langt fra at nå til et niveau hvor mennesker kan leve i en levebar situasjon. Det vil bli gjort ved at analysere aktuelle udfordringer og muligheder. På den annen side vil forfatteren også diskutere om ledelses- og samordningsutfordringer mellom multilevelplanmyndigheter. Omdat relatie tussen verschillende autoriteiten noodzakelijk is om te bereiken de wens levende toestand van een stad. Dette vil blive gjort ved at forske i eksisterende planlægningsmodeller, som er foreslået af disse myndigheder. Forfatteren vil diskutere sit eget forslag til nogle af disse problemer, som kan bruges til at nå det ønskede niveau af levende tilstand. The author will also discuss the management and co-ordination challenges between multilevel planning authorities. Omdat relatie tussen verschillende autoriteiten noodzakelijk is om te bereiken de wens levende toestand van een stad. Dette vil blive gjort ved at forske i eksisterende planlægningsmodeller, som er foreslået af disse myndigheder. Forfatteren vil diskutere sit eget forslag til nogle af disse problemer, som kan bruges til at nå det ønskede niveau af levende tilstand. The author will also discuss the management and co-ordination challenges between multilevel planning authorities. Omdat relatie tussen verschillende autoriteiten noodzakelijk is om te bereiken de wens levende toestand van een stad. Dette vil blive gjort ved at forske i eksisterende planlægningsmodeller, som er foreslået af disse myndigheder. Forfatteren vil diskutere sit eget forslag til nogle af disse problemer, som kan bruges til at nå det ønskede niveau af levende tilstand.

Usability of single poplar clones like fast growing energy crops for growth effect on soil humidity, wind retardation, noise absorption and soil sanitation effect of various old growth was studied in 2007 in South of Bohemia. Plantations consisted of {\clqq}Japan poplar`` {--} Jap 104*049 ( P. nigra L. x P. maximowiczii Henry {\clqq}Maxvier``), Jap 105*050 049 ( P. nigra L. x P. maximowiczii Henry {\clqq}Maxfünf``). The results are focused on evaluation of soil moisture in different months and at different lenght of sunlight and precipitation. Next, influence of wind absorbing and noise retardation in different distance from plantation, sanitation effect of fast growing energy crops in and outside growth in non-cultivate part and influence of growth on soil compaction in 4-year and newly planted growth and on permanent grass undergrowth were evaluated. Experiments showed that plantations of fast growing trees can be used also for non-energetic purpose.

The aim of the thesis is to survey the economic conditions of the establishment, management and other operations of plantations of fast growing trees (FGT). Based on the assessment factors significantly affecting FGT projects and their economic profitability, business success is evaluate. In the theoretical part is processed use of wood biomass and the practical part is compiled on research ,calculation of firewood from FGT and production process of FGT. As a practical example of efficient use of biomass activities of Slovakian company Biomas is described.

This diploma thesis addresses the issues regarding fast-growing wood (hereinafter referred to as FGW). Its goal is to analyze the energy intensity of fuels in a selected municipality, namely Úsilné u Českých Budějovic, and to determine the necessary agricultural land expanse for the eventual introduction of FGW vegetation which could replace the usual energy sources in the future.

The aim of this thesis was to ascertain the attitudes of management of selected large farms operating in the South Region in the production of fast-growing trees on-the-agricultural land and attitudes to the concept of greening. To fulfill the goals of this thesis were used questionnaires - a structured questionnaire sent by e-mail after prior phone contact. The research covered 18% of cultivated agricultural land throughout the South Region. They were classified according to the jurisdiction of the district. It was found overwhelming preponderance of negative attitudes towards the production of SRC and reasons for this opinion. Production is dedicated to one of the thirty producers. The concept of greening is considered inconsistent. Positive attitude toward greening occupy a particularly company with combined agricultural production, negative attitude then producers od crop production.

This work was created as a response to the drought in the summer of 2015, which revealed the risks associated with a lack of moisture in the soil due to inadequate management landscape. The main objective is to select areas in the chosen territory where it would be desirable to implement measures that would lead to stabilization of drainage conditions, and support the landscape and territorial system of ecological stability (biodiversity).In addition to creating the appropriate landscape features and the introduction of environmentally friendly agricultural crops eligible planting fast-growing trees (FGT), which on agricultural land, for the interest of stabilizing of drainage conditions, in many ways irreplaceable alternate functions of the forest.This culture is therefore paid special attention; Work has focused on the estimation of the possible production of wood and possibility of its eventual use.The study is prepared as a possible basis for practical solutions to complex land arrangements in the cadastral areas. It was found that the FGT would be advisable to cultivate an area of up to 2461 ha.

Os complexos Mycobacterium chelonae M.abscessus e Mycobacterium fortuitum - M. peregrinum são compostos por espécies bacterianas de crescimento rápido e potencialmente patogênicas. Sua distribuição é ubíqua no ambiente, são resistentes a cloração da água e a sua replicação ocorre mesmo em condições de escassez de nutrientes. Estão envolvidos em casos de infecção pulmonar e extrapulmonar, e causam infecções em pacientes imunocomprometidos ou submetidos a rocedimentos cirúrgicos invasivos. Os objetivos do presente trabalho foram: confirmar através de testes fenotípicos e com as técnicas de PRA hsp65 e seqüenciamento do fragmento do rpoB, a identificação de micobactérias de crescimento rápido, incluídas nos complexos M. chelonae-M.abscessus e M. fortuitum-M.peregrinum. Foram incluídos no estudo os isolados provenientes de pacientes com dois ou mais isolamentos provenientes de sítio não estéril ou um isolamento de sítio estéril. O estudo de 38 isolados demonstrou que as provas fenotípicas disponíveis atualmente não permitem a identificação de todas as espécies de micobactérias de crescimento rápido já descritas na literatura. O PRA hsp65 possibilitou a identificação rápida e precisa de 63% das espécies de micobactérias e demonstrou um perfil compartilhado pelas espécies M. abscessus 2; M. bolletii 1 e M. massiliense 1. O seqüenciamento do gene rpoB confirmou a identificação das espécies citadas. Nossos resultados demonstraram que o PRA-hsp65 e o seqüenciamento do gene rpoB são ferramentas úteis para fornecer a identificação das espécies de micobactérias com mais acurácia. O uso dessas técnicas poderiam ser consideradas em laboratórios de referência para identificar Micobactérias de crescimento rápido uma vez que elas são patógenos emergentes implicados em surtos e isolados de pacientes em centros de referência para tratamento de tuberculose multirresistente. / Mycobacterium chelonae-M. abscessus and Mycobacterium fortuitum-M. peregrinum complexes are composed by bacterial species characterized by rapid grow and considered as potential pathogens. These microorganisms are ubiquitous in the environment, resistant to water treatment such as standard chlorination and are able to replicate even at poor nutrient conditions. They are related to lung and extralung infections in immune-compromised patients or those submitted to invasive surgical procedures. The aim of this study was to confirm the identification of Mycobacterium chelonae - M. abscessus and Mycobacterium fortuitum - M. peregrinum complexes, isolated from biological samples considering one or two repetitions if samples are originated from sterile or non-sterile site respectively. Phenotypic tests and molecular methods, PRA-hsp65 and rpoB gene sequencing, were applied to identify 38 strains previously isolated. Results demonstrated that available phenotypic tests did not allow the identification of all described fast growing Mycobacterium. The PRA of hsp65 gene confirmed the identification of 63% of the Mycobacterium studied, and demonstrated the band pattern shared by M. abscessus 2, M. bolletii and M. massiliensis. The rpoB gene sequencing confirmed the identification of the species cited. Our results demonstrated that PRA-hsp65 and rpoB gene sequencing are useful tools to provide a more accurate species identification of mycobacteria. The use of such techniques would be considered in reference laboratories to identify fast growing Mycobacterium species since they are considered emerging pathogens implicated in outbreaks and isolated from a patient in reference centers for treatment of multidrug resistant tuberculosis.

Os complexos Mycobacterium chelonae M.abscessus e Mycobacterium fortuitum - M. peregrinum são compostos por espécies bacterianas de crescimento rápido e potencialmente patogênicas. Sua distribuição é ubíqua no ambiente, são resistentes a cloração da água e a sua replicação ocorre mesmo em condições de escassez de nutrientes. Estão envolvidos em casos de infecção pulmonar e extrapulmonar, e causam infecções em pacientes imunocomprometidos ou submetidos a rocedimentos cirúrgicos invasivos. Os objetivos do presente trabalho foram: confirmar através de testes fenotípicos e com as técnicas de PRA hsp65 e seqüenciamento do fragmento do rpoB, a identificação de micobactérias de crescimento rápido, incluídas nos complexos M. chelonae-M.abscessus e M. fortuitum-M.peregrinum. Foram incluídos no estudo os isolados provenientes de pacientes com dois ou mais isolamentos provenientes de sítio não estéril ou um isolamento de sítio estéril. O estudo de 38 isolados demonstrou que as provas fenotípicas disponíveis atualmente não permitem a identificação de todas as espécies de micobactérias de crescimento rápido já descritas na literatura. O PRA hsp65 possibilitou a identificação rápida e precisa de 63% das espécies de micobactérias e demonstrou um perfil compartilhado pelas espécies M. abscessus 2; M. bolletii 1 e M. massiliense 1. O seqüenciamento do gene rpoB confirmou a identificação das espécies citadas. Nossos resultados demonstraram que o PRA-hsp65 e o seqüenciamento do gene rpoB são ferramentas úteis para fornecer a identificação das espécies de micobactérias com mais acurácia. O uso dessas técnicas poderiam ser consideradas em laboratórios de referência para identificar Micobactérias de crescimento rápido uma vez que elas são patógenos emergentes implicados em surtos e isolados de pacientes em centros de referência para tratamento de tuberculose multirresistente. / Mycobacterium chelonae-M. abscessus and Mycobacterium fortuitum-M. peregrinum complexes are composed by bacterial species characterized by rapid grow and considered as potential pathogens. These microorganisms are ubiquitous in the environment, resistant to water treatment such as standard chlorination and are able to replicate even at poor nutrient conditions. They are related to lung and extralung infections in immune-compromised patients or those submitted to invasive surgical procedures. The aim of this study was to confirm the identification of Mycobacterium chelonae - M. abscessus and Mycobacterium fortuitum - M. peregrinum complexes, isolated from biological samples considering one or two repetitions if samples are originated from sterile or non-sterile site respectively. Phenotypic tests and molecular methods, PRA-hsp65 and rpoB gene sequencing, were applied to identify 38 strains previously isolated. Results demonstrated that available phenotypic tests did not allow the identification of all described fast growing Mycobacterium. The PRA of hsp65 gene confirmed the identification of 63% of the Mycobacterium studied, and demonstrated the band pattern shared by M. abscessus 2, M. bolletii and M. massiliensis. The rpoB gene sequencing confirmed the identification of the species cited. Our results demonstrated that PRA-hsp65 and rpoB gene sequencing are useful tools to provide a more accurate species identification of mycobacteria. The use of such techniques would be considered in reference laboratories to identify fast growing Mycobacterium species since they are considered emerging pathogens implicated in outbreaks and isolated from a patient in reference centers for treatment of multidrug resistant tuberculosis.