Thesis(M.A.)--Case Western Reserve University, 2010 / Title from PDF (viewed on 2010-01-28) Department of Communication Sciences Includes abstract Includes bibliographical references and appendices Available online via the OhioLINK ETD Center

Thesis (M.A.)--Trinity International University, 2001. / Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 107-122).

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 195-207). Also available on Internet.

Dietary factors in early life (infant feeding practices and timing of introduction of solid foods) are the most potentially modifiable early life exposures associated with childhood growth, as compared to genetic determinants, co-morbidity, and other environmental influences. Yet, studies assessing the association of infant feeding with growth may be limited by out-of-date data and unable to compare results due to inconsistent definitions of infant feeding practices. Mixed feeding (i.e. breast and bottle feeding) calls for special attention due to the reality of mothers returning to work after childbirth in the US. This report used data from the National Children’s Study Formative Research in Physical Measurements. A discovery set of 300 participants were selected by ethnicity from the sample available when this report was developed. This report emphasized statistical methods as well as data pre-processing, which are critical but typically under-studied. This report is intended to contribute towards closing this gap by describing a study from design, data pre-processing, to analysis. Results showed that non-Hispanic Black children had the lowest rates of ever and exclusively breastfeeding, compared to Hispanics and non-Hispanic Whites. Mothers aged 30 years and over, married, and educated above the high school level exclusively breastfed more than other mothers. Mixed feeding was categorized into three and five subgroups according to maternal recalls of the extent or frequency of breast/formula-feeding and compared by mean durations of breast/formula-feeding. Mixed feeding groups may provide unique opportunities to assess the relationship between mixed feeding versus exclusively breast/formula-feeding and childhood linear growth in the author’s dissertation. The percentage of children who were breastfed less than 6 months differed from those breastfed more than 6 months by ethnicity, child’s birthweight, gestational age, maternal age at childbirth, education level, and marital status, which suggests 6 months as a reasonable cut-off for breastfeeding categorization. Children of low birthweight and born preterm were introduced to solid foods later than those of normal/high birthweight and those born on time/postterm, even after adjusting for ethnicity. Analyses on a re-test set will be performed and compared to this discovery set in the author’s dissertation. / text

Objective: Medication safety is always having great concern in healthcare. Giving oral medication through enteral feeding tubes is not uncommon and is a well-known area that prone to error happening. These errors may lead to inadequate treatment or adverse drug reaction resulting in unnecessary health care cost and wastage of public health resources. This systematic review aims to identify contributing factors on medication errors associated with administration of oral medication via enteral feeding tubes. With better understanding of the factors, improvement measures applicable to Hong Kong situations will be suggested. Methods: Pubmed, Medline and Embase databases were searched up to February 2014 by using relevant keywords. Prospective studies with researcher analyzing the drug administration process to observe the occurrence of errors and evaluate the contributing factors and case reports on medical error with review of the place of errors and their potential root causes were considered to be potential relevant literature. Studies meeting the inclusion criteria were included and evaluated in this review. Studies were excluded based on the exclusion criteria. Results and Discussion: An initial search of medical literature by searching engines identified 682 references. After appraisal for inclusion, 11 of them were included in this systematic review. For the findings, lack of knowledge, lack of the presence or the awareness of protocol, environmental factors, inter-disciplinary communication among healthcare professionals and the ability of inadvertent connection of both IV catheter and enteral feeding system had been identified to be key contributing factors to drug administration error. Taken account with the findings, measures to improve the existing local practice through educational reinforcement, establishing guideline and inter-disciplinary communication were suggested. Conclusion: With consideration of the local situation in Hong Kong and the findings identified in this review, suggestions of improvement measures on different aspects have been made in this review. Involvement of government policy, institutional management and the collaboration of multi-disciplinary healthcare professional are essential for the success of these improvement measures. Besides, this review also revealed the lack of research on medication safety issue concerning feeding tube, further research in this area is required. / published_or_final_version / Public Health / Master / Master of Public Health

This item was digitized as part of the Million Books Project led by Carnegie Mellon University and supported by grants from the National Science Foundation (NSF). Cornell University coordinated the participation of land-grant and agricultural libraries in providing historical agricultural information for the digitization project; the University of Arizona Libraries, the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, and the Office of Arid Lands Studies collaborated in the selection and provision of material for the digitization project.

This item was digitized as part of the Million Books Project led by Carnegie Mellon University and supported by grants from the National Science Foundation (NSF). Cornell University coordinated the participation of land-grant and agricultural libraries in providing historical agricultural information for the digitization project; the University of Arizona Libraries, the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, and the Office of Arid Lands Studies collaborated in the selection and provision of material for the digitization project.

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