Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1985.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Georgia State University, 2009. / Title from title page (Digital Archive@GSU, viewed July 20, 2010) Wendy Simonds, committee chair; Dawn Baunach, Denise Donnelly, committee members. Includes bibliographical references (p. 146-147).

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Aberdeen University, 2008. / Title from web page (viewed on July 8, 2009). Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.A.)--Trinity International University, 2001. / Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 107-122).

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin. School of Nursing, 1974. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record.

Thesis (Ph.D.) -- Virginia Commonwealth University, 2005. / Title from title-page of electronic thesis. Prepared for: Dept. of Maternal-Child Nursing. Bibliography: p. 76-88.

No description available.

Thesis (Mnutr)--Stellenbosch University, 2003. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: INTRODUCTION Many patients seen by dietitians in Tygerberg Academic Hospital require feeding via the enteral route. Prior to this study all enteral feeds were mixed individually by hand, and production was time consuming and very labour intensive. The purpose of this study was, therefore, to compare the current method of production, with mechanised bulk production (MP) and "Ready to hang" (RTH) products, taking time, safety and cost effectiveness into consideration. MATERIALS AND METHODS A machine was designed and built to produce and decant bulk volumes of enteral feed. Production methods were evaluated and data was obtained regarding the time taken to produce a feed, and the true cost of the feeds produced. Microbiological samples were collected and the safety of all the three systems was determined and compared. RESULTS MP production time was significantly longer than hand production (HP), but MP decanting was significantly more accurate. RTH feeds cost 152% more than HP feeds, and MP feeds cost 95% of HP feeds. Seventy-one per cent of HP feeds, 74% of MP feeds and 34% of RTH feeds were contaminated just after administration had began. CONCLUSIONS Mechanisation is less labour intensive than HP and helps to decrease total costs. RTH feeds quickly become contaminated after administration decreasing their other advantages. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: IN L E ID IN G Baie van die pasiente wat deur dieetkundiges in Tygerberg hospitaal gesien word, benodig buisvoedings. Vo or hierdie studie geloots was, was alle buisvoedings by Tygerberg hospitaal met die hand gemaak. Hierdie metode is baie tydsaam en arbeidsintensief. Die doel van hierdie studie was, om die voorlopige sisteem van produksie te vergelyk met gemeganiseerde grootmaat produksie en "ready to hang" (RTH). Die studie het die volgende in ag geneenv produksietyd, mikrobiologiese veiligheid en koste effektieweteit. METODE 'n Masjien was ontwerp en gebou om grootmaat buisvoedings aan te maak en aftegiet. Produksie metodes was geevalueer en inligting bymekaar gemaak met betrekking tot produksietyd, en die ware koste van die voedings. Mikrobiologiese monsters was versamel en die mikrobiologiese veiligheid van al drie sisteme is bepaal en vergelyk. RESULTATE Produksie met die masjien was betekenisvol longer as die voedings wat met die hand gemaak was, maar die masjien het betekenisvol meer akkuraat afgemeet met afgiet. RTH voedings se koste beloop 152% meer as voedings wat met die hand gemaak word, en voedings wat deur die masjien gemaak word kos 95% van die wat met die hand gemaak is. Een en sewentig persent van die voedings wat met die hand gemaak was, 74% van die masjiengemaakte voedings en 34% van die RTH voedings was besmet net na toediening begin was. GEVOLGTREKKINGS Meganisasie is minder arbeidsintensief as voedings wat met die hand gemaak is en help om die kostes af te bring. RTH voedings word vinnig besmet met organismes na die begin van toediening en dit verminder hulle ander voordele.

Generalist predators are typically considered to eat foods in proportion to their availability. I show that striped skunks, archtypal generalists, do not just eat foods as available, do not even just select for foods, but switch selection among prey types. In various experiments I showed that skunks do not change prey preference, but they do change preference for where they look for prey, they learn what types of microhabitats prey are found in, they form olfactory search images of prey (OSI), they form these OSI both in the short term and in the long term, both for many small prey items and for few large ones, they form OSI's in relation to what habitat the skunks are searching in, and they change foraging pattern in response to finding different types of foods. Many other predators use one or other of these mechanisms, but rarely has an animal been shown to use several--I argue that this is because biologists have not looked for many such mechanisms together, and that it is common for generalist predators to switch among prey types. If it is common, then generalist predators should exert density-dependent predation on prey, and should to some extent, regulate prey densities. I discuss various field studies of predator-prey relationships that suggest this. / Graduate

Childhood obesity has been increased dramatically and become a public health concern in China. Parents have strong influence on children's eating and weight status. However, there is a lack of data about the influence of Chinese parents' child-feeding practices on children's weight status. This study aimed to assess parents' child-feeding practices and examine their relationships to young Chinese adolescents' weight status. A self-administrated survey was conducted among parents of young Chinese adolescents in Beijing urban areas. The survey included 29 items from Birch's Child-feeding Questionnaire (CFQ) and 15 items developed by the researcher to assess parents' attitudes, behaviors and family food environment regarding child feeding. Parents were recruited through students in public middle schools in two Beijing urban areas. Children's annual check-up data (weight and height) was obtained from schools. 598 parents of students in 7th and 8th grades were surveyed and 548 of them responded to the survey. By excluding those who were not primarily responsible for preparing family meals and those whose children's check-up data was missing, final data analysis included 355 records. The prevalence of overweight and obesity among children were 19.4% and 9.0%, respectively, using International Obesity Task Force recommendations. Boys had significant higher prevalence of obesity than girls. Results show that parents of young Chinese adolescents used controlling feeding practices to regulate the child's eating, including restriction of certain food, pressure to eat and monitoring of the child's eating. Parents indicated that they had some concerns about their child's being overweight. The family food environment was generally positive in these families with some unhealthy elements in sizeable proportion of families. After adjusting for socioeconomic factors and parents' BMI, multiple regression analysis showed there were positive associations of restriction and family eating patterns, and an inverse association of pressure to eat to children's BMI z-scores. Parents' child-feeding practices may have significant influence on children's weight status. Family-based intervention is needed to help establish or maintain a healthy eating environment at home in order to combat the rising obesity prevalence in Chinese youths. Further studies also are needed to gain better understanding of parental influence on children's weight status.