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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING OF PROXIMAL FEMUR AND SURROUNDING MUSCLES: IN VIVO PRECISION

2013 September 1900 (has links)
Background: Hip fractures are a major health problem in Canada, and two main contributors to hip fracture are weak bone strength and fall. Weak muscles also negatively affect bone strength and increase the likelihood of falling. Advanced imaging techniques, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), offer in vivo measurement of bone strength and muscle area at the proximal femur. However, it is not known if MRI-based measurements of bone and muscle properties are repeatable (i.e. precise). Methods: The femoral neck and shaft of 14 healthy participants were scanned three times, using a 1.5T MRI with repositioning between scans. Boundaries of the femoral neck, shaft and four muscle groups were delineated semi-automatically. Geometrical and strength properties of bone and area of muscle groups were determined based on segmented images. The short-term precision errors (root mean square coefficient of variation; CVrms%) between the repeated measures were calculated accordingly. Results: MRI-based measures of bone geometry and strength and muscle area at the proximal femur demonstrated in vivo precision errors < 7.6%. The average CVrms% for bone measures and muscle area were less than 4% and 2.5% respectively. Higher CVrms% (e.g. average: 4.8%) was obtained for bone strength properties. Conclusion: This is the first study to evaluate the in vivo performance of MRI on application to the proximal femur and surrounding muscles. Results demonstrate that MRI is a promising non-ionizing technique that offers precise measures of bone and muscle at the proximal femur.
2

Análise térmica, eletromiográfica e mecanomiográfica do músculo reto femoral durante o movimento de pedalada / Thermographic, electromyographic and mechanomyographic analysis of rectus femoris muscle during cycling movement

Gelain, Manuela Cristine 30 October 2016 (has links)
CAPES / Desde a década de 80, a obesidade mundial aumentou cerca de 36%. O cicloergômetro é um recurso para combater a obesidade e também pode ser utilizado como instrumento para manter, reabilitar e avaliar o condicionamento físico. Pedalar promove uma série de benefícios ao organismo como a melhora do condicionamento cardiorrespiratório, do sistema cardiovascular e musculoesquelético, das conexões neurais e da autoestima. A termografia é um recurso utilizado para medir a temperatura emitida pela superfície da pele. A eletromiografia (EMG) e a mecanomiografia (MMG) quantificam e qualificam a contração muscular. O objetivo desta pesquisa é investigar a viabilidade da análise térmica superficial da pele na identificação das alterações metabólicas e vasculares geradas pela contração muscular durante a pedalada, em indivíduos hígidos, por meio da correlação com os sinais eletromiográficos e mecanomiográficos. Onze voluntários do sexo masculino foram separados em dois grupos: sedentários (GS) e dos ativos fisicamente (GA). Eles participaram do protocolo de pedalada com acréscimo de carga até a fadiga muscular do músculo reto femoral. Dois testes (1 e 2), com intervalo de 1h entre ambos, foram realizados. A coleta dos dados antropométricos, cardíacos, térmicos e dos sinais neuromusculares resultou em tabelas exportadas ao software IBM SPSS Statistics para análise da distribuição normal, percentagens, testes de Wilcoxon, Mann-Whitney e correlação da temperatura com os sinais neuromusculares pelo teste de Spearman. As medianas antropométricas dos participantes mostram para o GS a idade de 33±4,5 anos, massa de 82±12 kg, altura de 1,85±0,09 m, IMC de 23,95±2,65 kg/m2, adipometria da coxa de 11,73±4,98 mm e perimetria de 0,55±0,04 cm. Já para o GA, a idade de 28±12 anos, massa de 66,5±8,58 kg, altura de 1,76±0,04 m, IMC de 21,75±2,78 kg/m2 , adipometria da coxa de 10±2,09 mm e perimetria de 0,57±0,02 cm. A frequência cardíaca diminuiu 25% do primeiro para o segundo teste, assim como a pressão arterial, sistólica e diastólica, em cerca de 3 e 15%, respectivamente, no GS. A temperatura diminuiu de 1 a 3 °C em ambos os grupos; entretanto, o teste de Wilcoxon comprovou o resultado significativo apenas para o GS no primeiro teste, com p= 0,018, e no segundo, com p=0,043. Houve aumento da amplitude dos sinais da MMG e EMG, entretanto, os testes de Wilcoxon e Mann-Whitney não apresentaram p-valor significativo. Na correlação da temperatura com a contração muscular, por meio do teste de Spearman, somente o GA apresentou um p-valor significativo e forte na MMG (p=0,01 e r=1,000) e na EMG (p=0,01 e r= -1,000). Com esses achados, concluiu-se que a variação térmica se comporta de modo inversamente proporcional à variação de amplitude dos sinais de EMG e MMG e a temperatura representa um parâmetro viável para análise das alterações metabólicas e vasculares geradas pela contração durante as atividades aeróbicas com acréscimo de carga até a exaustão. / From the 80s on, global obesity increased around 36%. Cycle-ergometer is a resource to oppose obesity and it is also used as a tool to maintain, rehabilitate and evaluate physical conditioning. Cycling promotes a number of benefits to the organism as the improvement of cardiorespiratory condition, cardiovascular and musculoskeletal system, neural connections and self-esteem. Thermography is a resource used to measure body skin temperature. Electromyography (EMG) and mechanomyography (MMG) allows quantifying and qualifying muscle contraction. The goal of this research is to investigate the feasibility of surface skin thermal analysis in the identification of metabolic and vascular disorders created by muscle contraction during cycling in healthy individuals, through correlation with electromyographical and mechanomiographical signals. Eleven male volunteers were separate on two groups: sedentary (GS) and physically active (GA). Both participated on cycling protocol with load increase until muscular fatigue of the rectus femoris occurs. There were two tests (1 and 2) with 1h interval in between. After collection of anthropometric data, cardiac, thermal and neuromuscular signals, tables were compiled and their values exported to IBM's SPSS Statistics in order to check the normal distribution, percentages, Wilcoxon’s and Mann-Whitney’s test and the correlation of temperature with neuromuscular signals using the Spearman's test. The median anthropometric values of the GS showed average age of 33±4,5 years, weight of 82±12 kg, height of 1,85±0,09 m, BMI of 23,95±2,65 kg/m2, measurement of thigh’s skinfold thickness of 11,73±4,98 mm and perimeter of 0,55±0,04 cm. The average values for GA were: age of 28±12 years, weight of 66,5±8,58 kg, height of 1,76±0,04 m, BMI of 21,75±2,78 kg/m2, measurement of thigh’s skinfold thickness of 10±2,09 mm and perimeter of 0,57±0,02 cm. The heart rate decreased 25% from de first to second test, likewise systolic and diastolic arterial pressure around 3% and 15%, respectively, for GS. Temperature decreased from 1 to 3 °C in both groups, however, Wilcoxon’s test proved a significant result only to GS first test p=0,018 and second test p=0,043. The amplitude of MMG and EMG signal increased, however Wilcoxon’s and MannWhitney’s tests did not show a significant p-value. Concerning temperature correlation to muscle contraction by Spearman’s test, only GA showed a significant p-value and strong correlation for MMG (p=0,01 and r=1,000) and EMG (p=0,01 e r= -1000) signals. From these findings, it was concluded that thermal variation behaviors inversely proportional to EMG and MMG amplitude variation, and temperature represents a feasible parameter to analyze the metabolic and vascular disorders created by muscle contraction during aerobic activities with load increase until exhaustion.
3

Análise térmica, eletromiográfica e mecanomiográfica do músculo reto femoral durante o movimento de pedalada / Thermographic, electromyographic and mechanomyographic analysis of rectus femoris muscle during cycling movement

Gelain, Manuela Cristine 30 October 2016 (has links)
CAPES / Desde a década de 80, a obesidade mundial aumentou cerca de 36%. O cicloergômetro é um recurso para combater a obesidade e também pode ser utilizado como instrumento para manter, reabilitar e avaliar o condicionamento físico. Pedalar promove uma série de benefícios ao organismo como a melhora do condicionamento cardiorrespiratório, do sistema cardiovascular e musculoesquelético, das conexões neurais e da autoestima. A termografia é um recurso utilizado para medir a temperatura emitida pela superfície da pele. A eletromiografia (EMG) e a mecanomiografia (MMG) quantificam e qualificam a contração muscular. O objetivo desta pesquisa é investigar a viabilidade da análise térmica superficial da pele na identificação das alterações metabólicas e vasculares geradas pela contração muscular durante a pedalada, em indivíduos hígidos, por meio da correlação com os sinais eletromiográficos e mecanomiográficos. Onze voluntários do sexo masculino foram separados em dois grupos: sedentários (GS) e dos ativos fisicamente (GA). Eles participaram do protocolo de pedalada com acréscimo de carga até a fadiga muscular do músculo reto femoral. Dois testes (1 e 2), com intervalo de 1h entre ambos, foram realizados. A coleta dos dados antropométricos, cardíacos, térmicos e dos sinais neuromusculares resultou em tabelas exportadas ao software IBM SPSS Statistics para análise da distribuição normal, percentagens, testes de Wilcoxon, Mann-Whitney e correlação da temperatura com os sinais neuromusculares pelo teste de Spearman. As medianas antropométricas dos participantes mostram para o GS a idade de 33±4,5 anos, massa de 82±12 kg, altura de 1,85±0,09 m, IMC de 23,95±2,65 kg/m2, adipometria da coxa de 11,73±4,98 mm e perimetria de 0,55±0,04 cm. Já para o GA, a idade de 28±12 anos, massa de 66,5±8,58 kg, altura de 1,76±0,04 m, IMC de 21,75±2,78 kg/m2 , adipometria da coxa de 10±2,09 mm e perimetria de 0,57±0,02 cm. A frequência cardíaca diminuiu 25% do primeiro para o segundo teste, assim como a pressão arterial, sistólica e diastólica, em cerca de 3 e 15%, respectivamente, no GS. A temperatura diminuiu de 1 a 3 °C em ambos os grupos; entretanto, o teste de Wilcoxon comprovou o resultado significativo apenas para o GS no primeiro teste, com p= 0,018, e no segundo, com p=0,043. Houve aumento da amplitude dos sinais da MMG e EMG, entretanto, os testes de Wilcoxon e Mann-Whitney não apresentaram p-valor significativo. Na correlação da temperatura com a contração muscular, por meio do teste de Spearman, somente o GA apresentou um p-valor significativo e forte na MMG (p=0,01 e r=1,000) e na EMG (p=0,01 e r= -1,000). Com esses achados, concluiu-se que a variação térmica se comporta de modo inversamente proporcional à variação de amplitude dos sinais de EMG e MMG e a temperatura representa um parâmetro viável para análise das alterações metabólicas e vasculares geradas pela contração durante as atividades aeróbicas com acréscimo de carga até a exaustão. / From the 80s on, global obesity increased around 36%. Cycle-ergometer is a resource to oppose obesity and it is also used as a tool to maintain, rehabilitate and evaluate physical conditioning. Cycling promotes a number of benefits to the organism as the improvement of cardiorespiratory condition, cardiovascular and musculoskeletal system, neural connections and self-esteem. Thermography is a resource used to measure body skin temperature. Electromyography (EMG) and mechanomyography (MMG) allows quantifying and qualifying muscle contraction. The goal of this research is to investigate the feasibility of surface skin thermal analysis in the identification of metabolic and vascular disorders created by muscle contraction during cycling in healthy individuals, through correlation with electromyographical and mechanomiographical signals. Eleven male volunteers were separate on two groups: sedentary (GS) and physically active (GA). Both participated on cycling protocol with load increase until muscular fatigue of the rectus femoris occurs. There were two tests (1 and 2) with 1h interval in between. After collection of anthropometric data, cardiac, thermal and neuromuscular signals, tables were compiled and their values exported to IBM's SPSS Statistics in order to check the normal distribution, percentages, Wilcoxon’s and Mann-Whitney’s test and the correlation of temperature with neuromuscular signals using the Spearman's test. The median anthropometric values of the GS showed average age of 33±4,5 years, weight of 82±12 kg, height of 1,85±0,09 m, BMI of 23,95±2,65 kg/m2, measurement of thigh’s skinfold thickness of 11,73±4,98 mm and perimeter of 0,55±0,04 cm. The average values for GA were: age of 28±12 years, weight of 66,5±8,58 kg, height of 1,76±0,04 m, BMI of 21,75±2,78 kg/m2, measurement of thigh’s skinfold thickness of 10±2,09 mm and perimeter of 0,57±0,02 cm. The heart rate decreased 25% from de first to second test, likewise systolic and diastolic arterial pressure around 3% and 15%, respectively, for GS. Temperature decreased from 1 to 3 °C in both groups, however, Wilcoxon’s test proved a significant result only to GS first test p=0,018 and second test p=0,043. The amplitude of MMG and EMG signal increased, however Wilcoxon’s and MannWhitney’s tests did not show a significant p-value. Concerning temperature correlation to muscle contraction by Spearman’s test, only GA showed a significant p-value and strong correlation for MMG (p=0,01 and r=1,000) and EMG (p=0,01 e r= -1000) signals. From these findings, it was concluded that thermal variation behaviors inversely proportional to EMG and MMG amplitude variation, and temperature represents a feasible parameter to analyze the metabolic and vascular disorders created by muscle contraction during aerobic activities with load increase until exhaustion.

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