My diploma thesis focuses on comparison of Czech and Belgian textbooks of social science. The theoretical part includes description and comparison of Czech and Belgian educational system and concept of social science. The theoretical part includes also description of word "textbook". The practical part consists of analysis of Czech and Belgian textbooks according to the criterions. Attitudes and opinions of Czech and Belgian teachers are written there. It includes the observation of social science classes, too.

The diploma thesis Teaching Civic Education at the Elementary Schools in České Budějovice focuses on the current state of civic education at elementary schools in České Budějovice. The theoretical part deals with the system of curricular documents, analysis of the Framework Educational Program for basic education and its subsequent comparison with individual school educational programs at selected elementary schools in České Budějovice. The practical part presents interviews with four teachers who teach the subject of civic education at selected elementary schools in České Budějovice. These are the following elementary schools: Kubatova Elementary School and Kindergarten, Elementary School Matice školské, Church Elementary School and Elementary School and kindergarten of J. Š. Baara.

På grund av det rådande miljöhotet så bör fokus för forskning och utveckling i ämnet riktas åt att utnyttja så många förnybara energikällor som möjligt, samt även optimera dessa för största möjliga energiupptagning. Vind, vatten och solljus är välkända och väl utformade källor för energi. Huruvida vatten i form av regn kan utnyttjas och dess potential kommer studeras i det här arbetet. Materialval och konstruktionslösningar står i centrum för arbetet. Vidare så studeras dess bakgrunder för utvinningsmetoderna och dess grundläggande principer tas upp för att skapa en bättre förståelse för möjligheterna att utnyttja tekniken. Fortsättningsvis så har rådande potentiella användningsområden och kommande utmaningar diskuterats utförligt. / Because of the prevailing environmental threat, focus for research and development in the subject should aim towards taking advantage of as many renewable energy sources as possible aswell as optimizing them to convert as much energy as possible. All renewable energy must be utilized, but above all, also optimized. Wind, water and sunlight are well-known and well-designed sources of energy. Whether water in the form of rain can be utilized and its potential as a sustainable commercial method will be studied in this paper. Material selection and design solutions are at the heart of the work. Furthermore, its backgrounds for the extraction methods are studied and its basic principles are addressed to create a better understanding of the possibilities of utilizing the technology. Moreover, the current potential uses and future challenges have been discussed in detail.

Fouling is a chronic problem in many heat transfer systems and results in the need for frequent heat exchanger (HEX) cleaning. In the dairy industry, the associated operating cost and environmental impact are substantial. Antifouling coatings are one mitigation option. In this work, the fouling behaviour of fluoropolymer, polypropylene and stainless steel heat transfer surfaces in processing raw milk and whey protein solution are studied. Methodologies to assess the economics of antifouling coatings are developed and applied. Two experimental apparatuses were designed and constructed to study fouling at surface temperatures around 90 °C. A microfluidic system with a 650 x 2000 µm flow channel enables fouling studies to be carried out by recirculating 2 l of raw milk. The apparatus operates in the laminar flow regime and the capability to probe the local composition of delicate fouling deposit $\textit{in-situ}$ with histological techniques employing confocal laser scanning microscopy. A larger bench-scale apparatus with a 10 x 42 mm flow channel was built to recirculate 17 l of solution in the turbulent flow regime which is more representative of conditions in an industrial plate HEX. Experimental results demonstrate that fluoropolymer coatings can reduce fouling masses from raw milk and whey protein solution by up to 50 %. Surface properties affect the structure and composition of the deposit. At the interface with apolar surfaces raw milk fouling layers are high in protein, whereas a strongly attached mineral-rich layer is present at the interface with steel. Whey protein deposits generated on apolar surfaces are more spongy and have a lower thermal conductivity and/or density than deposits on steel. The attraction of denatured protein towards apolar surfaces and the formation of a calcium phosphate layer on steel at later stages of fouling are explained with arguments based on the interfacial free energy of these materials in water. The financial attractiveness of coatings is considered for HEX subject to linearly and asymptotically increasing fouling resistance and using a spatially resolved fouling model. An explicit solution to the cleaning-scheduling problem is presented for the case of equal heat capacity flow rates in a counter-current HEX. Scenarios where the use of coatings may be attractive or where there is no financial benefit in cleaning a fouled exchanger are identified. Finally, experimental data are used to estimate the economic potential of fluoropolymer coated HEXs in the ultra-high-temperature treatment of milk. In the considered case, the value of a fluoropolymer coating inferred from the reduction in fouling is estimated to be around 2000 US$/m².

No description available.

Education policy is one of the important goals of any country, as it affects the lives and employment of its people. Compulsory education in the Czech Republic is defined by the Framework Educational Programme for Basic Education (FEP BE), with science education set out in educational area called Man and Nature. Although this is divided into individual educational fields, its framework concept allows the content of the fields to be integrated according to school programme. However, science has been taught separately in most basic schools for several decades, and any integration efforts are burdened by a lack of examples of good practice. The aim of this paper is therefore to perform comparative analysis of the educational area Man and Nature of the Czech FEP BE and integrated science curricula of selected European countries at the level of lower secondary education (ISCED 2). The analysis identifies topics that are included in foreign curricula but not in Czech curriculum and can thus be an inspiration (in the sense of policy learning), what integrative topics to include in the science education at basic schools. The theoretical part of the thesis describes the integration of natural sciences, both from a historical and curriculum development perspective. Theoretical models describing different...

My diploma thesis focuses on the approach to family related curriculum at primary school. The theoretical part includes analysis of contemporary view of family in terms of psychology and sociology, summary of possible problems connected with the family related curriculum, some recommendations how to approach the family related curriculum and analysis of approach to this curriculum in FEP EE, three school education programmes and three sets of textbooks from primary education. The practical part examines the approach to family related curriculum from students' of teaching point of view.

This thesis focuses on transport properties and durability of liquid crystalline polymers (LCP)and fibre reinforced plastics (FRP) with regard to application in industrial process equipment.In the first part of the study the possibility of using a thermotropic LCP of type Vectra A950as lining material for FRP process equipment was investigated. Its performance wascompared to that of a fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer (FEP) with respect tochemical and permeation resistance. Transport property and chemical resistance data wereestablished for different types of LCP film (compression molded, uniaxially and biaxiallyoriented film) exposed to selected chemicals chosen to represent typical industrial processenvironments. Annealing of the LCP, which may reduce the disclination density and henceimprove the barrier properties, induced a crystallinity increase, but did not significantlyimprove the barrier and chemical resistance properties. Different surface treatments toincrease the bonding between the LCP and FRP were explored. The conclusion was that LCPhas potential to serve as lining material for FRP in contact with water, organic solvents andnon-oxidizing acid environments, although certain issues, such as jointing techniques, stillhave to be evaluated. The second part of the study focused on transport and long-termproperties of commercial thermoset and FRP materials for industrial process equipment inaqueous environments (50 – 95 °C, water activity 0.78 – 1, exposure time ≤ 1000 days). Thewater transport properties in different thermosets were related to their chemical structureusing the solubility parameter concept. The transport of water in the thermosets with differentchemical structures could be predicted from the water activity, regardless of the actual type ofionic or non-ionic solute in the solution. An empirical relationship, independent of boththermoset chemistry and temperature, was established to describe the water concentration inthe thermoset as a function of water activity and the water concentration in pure water. Inlong-term, the water concentration in the thermosets increased with exposure time. Thisseemed to be primarily related to stress relaxation processes induced by water absorption andcertain leaching effects. The effects of hydrolysis seemed to be small. The glass fibrereinforcement may to various extents affect the water transport properties by capillarydiffusion and additional absorption around fibre bundles. The extent of such processesseemed to depend on temperature, water activity and the type of thermoset and reinforcement.The present work may be a useful contribution to an increased understanding of water effectsand durability of FRP process equipment. However, open questions still remain for a morecomprehensive durability analysis. / QC20100629

The diploma thesis deals the phenomenon of education of Roma children in the system of special elementary education. The aim of the thesis is to capture the specifics of this education focusing on the analysis of the civic education on primary practical schools in context of relationships to Roma pupils. The theoretical part is focused on the current situation of the Roma minority in the Czech republic. The work briefly describes the history of the Roma minority and the current situation of Roma people in the modern society. Most attention is paid to the Czech primary educational system, especially teaching Roma pupils on practical primary schools. The work briefly deals with the current changes in the educational system, so called inclusive education too. The practical part is focused on the methodology of the multicultural education themes, on the second degree of an elementary practical school in Vimperk.

Present doctoral thesis contributed to understanding of mechanistic principles of two enzymes participating in the process of carcinogenesis; DNA polymerase  (pol ) and cytochromes P450 (CYP). Pol  is part of the DNA base-excision repair mechanism (BER). The primary role of pol  in, the BER mechanism, is inserting a new nucleotide into a DNA strand according to Watson-Crick base pairing rules. Pol  plays an important role in the process of carcinogenesis, approximately 30 % of human tumors express pol  mutants. The ability of pol  to discriminate between "right" and "wrong" nucleotide during the insertion process is called fidelity. We employed computational methods to elucidate molecular basis of the fidelity of pol . First, the relative free energy calculation method LRA was employed to compare differences in free energies between the "right" and "wrong" nucleotide during its insertion into DNA. The results indicated a better stabilization of transition-state of the nucleophilic substitution catalyzed by pol  in the case of the "right" versus "wrong" nucleotide. This difference resulted in an 80-fold contribution to its fidelity. Further, computational methods FEP and LIE were used to examine how mutations effect fidelity of pol . Results were than correlated with experimental data...