The purpose of this paper is to construct a Quasi-volume-filling surface and study its properties. We start with the construction of a volume-filling surface, the Pólya surface, based on Pólya's curve, by rotating the Pólya's curve in 3-dimensional space. Then we construct a Quasi-space-filling curve in 2-dimensions, the Quasi- Pólya curve, which approximates the Pólya's curve and fills a triangle up to a residual small surface of arbitrary size. We prove that the Quasi-Pólya curve satisfies the open set condition, and there exists a unique invariant (self-similar) measure consistent with the normalized Hausdorff measure on it. Moreover, the energy form constructed on Quasi-Pólya curve is proved to be a closed & regular form, and we prove that the Quasi-Pólya curve is a variational fractal in the end. Next, we use the same idea, by rotating the Quasi-Pólya curve in 3-dimensional space, to construct the Quasi-Pólya surface, which is a Quasi-volume-filling surface and approximates to Pólya surface in some sense.

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Returning waste material underground, as backfill, has been practiced for many years so as to improve the economical and environmental performance of underground mining operations. A specific type of backfill, which is used to fill mined areas that will not be exposed to further mining, is called hydraulic backfill. Cemented backfill has also been used to provide mechanical support for underground mining. Such backfill has allowed mining companies to extract more ore, while simultaneously improving working and environmental conditions. Cemented backfill, however, represents 50 to 85 percent of operating costs compared with the 5 to 10 percent that hydraulic backfill consumes. / The objective of this thesis is to investigate use of sodium silicate as a partial or total replacement for cement in stabilised backfill. Sodium silicate is a viscous material that is usually used to activate pozzolanic materials such as slag and fly ash. The chemical compound has many applications, namely, in waste treatment, cement and other construction materials. / In order to determine the influence of sodium silicate on backfill performance, a series of laboratory experiments were carried out on samples with different binder compositions, such as: cement; slag and cement; slag, cement and sodium silicate; and slag and sodium silicate. Additionally, the effects of mixing time and addition order on the backfill samples' performance were studied. The subsequent thesis focuses mainly on the strength of paste and slurry backfill samples containing sodium silicate in addition to the observation of a number of experimental variables, which include: pulp density (relative amount of water), curing time, and binder dosage. In order to investigate the overall suitability of sodium silicate for use in stabilised backfill, other properties such as porosity, elastic modulus, and trends of water release are also studied. / The results of the research endeavour demonstrate that sodium silicate-fortified backfill materials behave favourably compared with cemented backfills. Sodium silicate, thus, has potential as a backfill binder or additive.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 1967. / Typescript (carbon copy). Includes bibliographical references (leaves 43-44). Also issued in print.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 1974. / Typescript (photocopy). Includes bibliographical references (leaves 32-34). Also issued in print.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 1967. / Typescript (carbon copy). eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 43-44).

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 1974. / Typescript (photocopy). eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 32-34).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 1999. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vii, 145 p. : ill. (some col.). Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 71-72).

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