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Thèse--Faculté de théologie--Neuchâtel--Université, 1999. / Bibliogr. p. 373-391. Index.

Texte remanié de: Dissertation--Theologische Fakultät--Heidelberg--Universität Heidelberg, 2007. / Bibliogr. p. 285-312.

Reproduction de : Thèse de doctorat : Sciences du langage : Lyon 2 : 2008. / Bibliogr.

During fin regeneration, a blastema, a group of de-differentiated cells, forms underneath the wound epidermis. As regeneration proceeds, cells leave the proximal blastema and enter the differentiation zone. Adjacent to the differentiation zone, a subset of cells in the basal epidermal layer (BEL) express sonic hedgehog a (shha). Cells that come in contact with BEL differentiate into osteoblasts and joint cells, enabling the formation of bone segments at the end of each fin ray. Generally, fin regeneration occurs similarly in males and females. However, breeding tubercles (BT), keratinized epidermal structures on the male pectoral fin, result in regenerative differences when compared to females. In this thesis, three aspects of zebrafish fin regeneration were studied: 1) Cell lineage tracing of shha-expressing cells in the caudal fin regenerate; 2) The differentiation of joint cells and osteoblasts in the caudal fin regenerate; 3) Regeneration of pectoral fin BTs. Studies on caudal fin regenerates suggest osteoblasts and joint cells originate from a common cell lineage, but are committed to different cell fates. Joint cells follow a genetic pathway in which evx1 occurs downstream or parallel to hoxa13a and upstream of pthrp1. In the absence of Evx1, presumptive joint cells are committed to an osteoblast cell fate. Furthermore, joint cells do not regenerate following laser cell ablation, suggesting joint cell differentiation occurs only at specific intervals during osteoblast regeneration. Collectively, these results suggest a mechanism for joint cell differentiation during caudal fin regeneration. Studies on pectoral fins indicate androgens induce and estrogens inhibit BT formation. BT regeneration in males and androgen-treated females follows the initiation of revascularization, but occurs concomitantly with a novel second wave of angiogenesis. The inhibition of angiogenesis in androgen-treated females prevents BT formation. Altogether, these results suggest the growth and regeneration of BTs requires a v hormonal stimulus and the presence of an additional blood vessel network naturally found in males. In conclusion, these studies have increased the overall knowledge of key aspects of zebrafish fin regeneration. A gain in understanding zebrafish regeneration provides a basis in which treatments can be developed to induce regeneration in species with limited regenerative capabilities.

acase@tulane.edu / Although a significant amount of scholarship has extensively explored Klimt’s depiction of women, little attention has been dedicated to his recurring interest in pregnancy. In light of its relative obscurity in Western art overall, the impetus and meaning behind the pregnant body’s repeated presence throughout Klimt’s oeuvre is worthy of further study. My thesis examines how Gustav Klimt uses depictions of pregnancy as a vehicle to redefine the spiritual, scientific, and psychological divisions of society. In his disillusionment with the so-called progress of modernity under the aegis of masculine leadership, Klimt embraces the feared ‘feminization’ of fin-de-siècle society as a welcome reprieve from the failures of patriarchy. Despite his celebration of femininity, Klimt nonetheless relies heavily on traditional stereotypes of women. In the constantly evolving conversation between art and new paradigms of social order during the nineteenth century, Klimt proposes a feminine utopia wherein ‘Woman’ is the savior of a suffering humanity, with her womb serving as a site of redemption. By referencing divisive social issues, he encourages viewers to question their antiquated values. Klimt positions Woman not only as a spiritual savior and progenitor of the species, but also as a metaphorical site where self-definition and social harmony can be achieved. In chapter one, I discuss Klimt’s conflation of sacred and profane, and spirit and flesh as captured in Hope I and Hope II. Envisioning himself as a spiritual leader, Klimt preaches art as a new religion more suitable for the modern age. In the next chapter, I explore Klimt’s incorporation of scientific theories and imagery as a critique of humankind’s self-appointed place at the top of the animal kingdom. With allusions to Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution and Ernst Haeckel’s Monism, Klimt locates the woman’s womb as the sole site where primordial unity can be achieved. In the third chapter, I investigate conceptions of individual and collective identity through the lens of nineteenth-century developments in psychology and sociology. Using the pregnant body as a metaphor of ruptured binaries - between self and other, male and female, interior and exterior, conscious and unconscious - Klimt reveals that the similarities humans share overshadow the arbitrary and superficial differences. Klimt turns to the influence of women as intuitors of the biological impulse, bearers of life, and agents of change in an ossified world. Klimt’s utopianism is grounded in the female body as a source of radical change and social transformation. He posits Woman as the savior and source of a renewed hope that will birth a new evolved humanity more attuned to the tenets of femininity in its embrace of the irrational. By juxtaposing the promise of new life with the haunting figure of death, Klimt’s pregnancy paintings symbolize the death of the civilized body and the birth of a liberated self. Klimt positions women as the procreators of a new generation composed of Nietzsche’s Übermensch, or perhaps in Klimt’s universe, of Überfrau. / 1 / Nicole Lampl

Skogsavverkning i avrinningsområdet anses påverka ekologin i de rinnande vattnen genom att minska tillförseln av död ved av olika storlekar. Syftet med min studie var att se hur öringens beteende påverkas av fin ved (torkat björkris) i strömmande vatten, med avseende på fiskens aktivitet, vertikal position samt hur effektivt öringen fångade byten i olika vedtätheter. Till försöket användes 43 0+-öringar och två strömrännor med behandlingarna ”mycket ved” och ”ingen ved”. Fiskarna placerades i strömrännorna i grupper om fyra. De matades med chironomider i strömrännorna och det hela filmades, videomaterialet från matningsprocessen observerades och öringens olika beteenden mättes sedan. Resultatet visade att öringen var aktiv mellan 80-93 % av tiden, att de tog 70-75 % av de byten som erbjöds samt att de föredrog att hålla sig långt ner mot botten. Vedbehandlingarna hade ingen effekt på någon av de undersöka variablerna.

Akademisk avhandling--Teologiska fakulteten--Åbo--Akademi, 2002. / Bibliogr. p. 247-265.

Cynicism is one of the most frequently used, but most polysemic, words in the modern lexicon. This dissertation attempts to shed some light on a dark subject by tracing the idea of cynicism from the late eighteenth century to the late nineteenth century and early twentieth in order to construct a multi-faceted theory of modern cynicism which is in turn applied to, and modified by, the writings of H. G. Wells, Joseph Conrad, and George Bernard Shaw. The genealogy of cynicism that I construct in the first chapter draws upon existing research in the area as well as original research from a range of books and articles published from 1790 to 1895. This genealogy shows that the idea of cynicism takes shape largely in relation to the nineteenth century’s anxieties about the social and subjective consequences of modern culture. In the remaining chapters, I examine each writer’s understanding of and engagement with cynicism and explore the ways that each participates in, modifies, or rejects the pessimistic form of modern cynicism associated with the fin de siècle. I suggest that in rejecting the pessimistic form of realism typical of the period, Shaw comes closer than other authors to recovering a salutary neo-Cynicism; I also argue that he perceived, but was not able to overcome, the subjective barriers to political change that more recent theorists have associated with twentieth-century cynicism. / Thesis (Ph.D, English) -- Queen's University, 2010-05-17 16:38:24.165

The fin exoskeleton of the zebrafish is comprised of lepidotrichia (or fin rays) and actinotrichia. In uncut fins, the fin rays span the entire length of the fin and the actinotrichia are found at the distal tips of each of the fin rays. Both of these fin exoskeletal components are capable of regenerating following amputation or injury. The regulation of the regeneration of these exoskeletal components is the central topic of this thesis and is explored in two different projects. The first project focuses on zebrafish fin ray regeneration during which bone segments are periodically added at the distal tips of each fin ray, each segment being separated by a joint. Joint formation involves the expression of a unique set of genes: hoxa13a, evx1, and pthlha. The alternation between bone segment formation and joint formation during fin ray regeneration seems to closely correlate with positional outgrowth during regeneration. We investigated whether or not the calcineurin and retinoic acid (RA) signalling pathways, both of which may be potential regulators of positional outgrowth, are involved in regulating joint formation. FK506-induced calcineurin inhibition and RA treatments each resulted in the suppression of joint marker expression. In RA-treated fins, bone deposition occurs in the joints as a result of joint cells being induced to differentiate into osteoblasts. These results suggest that the calcineurin and RA pathways may provide the positional information that regulates joint and bone segment formation. The second project focuses on the regulation of actinotrichia formation during adult fin regeneration. Throughout the early to intermediate stages of fin ray regeneration, actinotrichia fibers are found deep to the regenerating hemirays. As regeneration progresses, these actinotrichia fibers become gradually restricted to the distal domain of the fin regenerate. Actinotrichia contain structural proteins known as actinodin. There are four actinodin genes in zebrafish, actinodin1-4. We studied the comparative activity of the cis-acting regulatory elements of actinodin1 during fin regeneration. We have previously identified tissue-specific cis-acting regulatory elements in a 2kb genomic region upstream of the first exon, termed 2P, that drive reporter expression in the fin fold ectoderm and mesenchyme during embryonic development. Within 2P is a 150bp region, named epi, which contains an ectodermal/epithelial enhancer. Using in silico analysis, we have identified four main clusters of transcription factor binding sites within epi, termed epi1-4. Using a reporter transgenic approach, we have identified epi3 as a site containing an early mesenchymal-specific repressor and an epithelial-specific enhancer. We have also shown that the first exon and intron of actinodin1 contains a general transcriptional enhancer in adulthood and an alternative promoter. Overall, these results suggest that there is a difference between the regulation of actinodin1 during embryonic development and that of adult fin regeneration.