Processing of financial analysis ZVVZ a.s. (Calculation of parameters, temporal comparison and comparison of results across the sector in which the company operates)

The Master thesis is focused on processing and presentation of the draft business plan for the new center of a specific company. The subject of the activity of proposed center is the construction and operation of training center for training their own employees and business partners in fields of business in which the company operates. The thesis contains detailed analysis of the company and its financial position focused on verifying readiness of the intended project.

AFRIKAANS: Die doel van rekeningkundige verslagdoening is om inligting te verskaf oor die finansiële stand, prestasie en veranderinge in die finansiële stand van ’n onderneming wat nuttig is vir ’n verskeidenheid van gebruikers om rasionele ekonomiese besluite te kan neem. Die probleem wat in hierdie studie aangespreek word, is die onvermoë van rekeningkundige inligting in finansiële state om aan die spesifieke behoeftes van die gebruikers van klein maatskappy finansiële state in Suid-Afrika te voldoen. Die studie behels ’n omvattende meningsopname van die behoeftes van gebruikers van klein maatskappy finansiële state in Suid-Afrika, ten einde aanbevelings vir die verbetering van die huidige rekeningkundige verslagdoeningstelsel ten opsigte van klein maatskappye te maak. Die empiriese ondersoek wat uitgevoer is, het die spesifieke inligtingsbehoeftes van die verskillende gebruikersgroepe van klein maatskappy finansiële state in Suid-Afrika bepaal deur gebruik te maak van vraelyste. Die data wat ingesamel is, vir doeleindes van die studie, het bestaan uit 434 voltooide vraelyste deur geregistreerde klein praktisyns, 212 voltooide vraelyste deur eienaars/bestuur van privaatmaatskappye, 5 voltooide vraelyste deur finansiële instellings, asook ’n onderhoud wat met die Suid-Afrikaanse Inkomstediens (SAID) gevoer is. Hierdie studie het getoon dat huidige rekeningkundige verslagdoeningsvereistes vir privaatmaatskappye nie aan die behoeftes van die gebruikers van hierdie maatskappye se finansiële state in Suid-Afrika voldoen nie. Die vereistes van die rekeningkundige standaard, IFRS for SMEs, wat gedurende 2007 in Suid-Afrika aanvaar is en op klein maatskappye van toepassing is, voldoen nie aan die inligtingsbehoeftes van Suid-Afrikaanse gebruikers nie. Gesien in die lig van die belangrike bydrae wat klein maatskappye tot die Suid-Afrikaanse ekonomie lewer, is die rekeningkundige verslagdoening van hierdie maatskappye noodwendig belangrik. Gebruikers van klein maatskappy finansiële state vereis dat huidige rekeningkundige verslagdoeningsvereistes verminder en vereenvoudig word, ten einde aan hulle spesifieke inligtingsbehoeftes te voldoen en om te verseker dat finansiële state betekenisvolle, relevante en betroubare inligting vir die gebruikers daarvan voorsien. ENGLISH: The objective of financial reporting is to provide information in regards with the financial position, performance and changes in the financial position of an entity that is useful for various users, enabling the users to form rational economical decisions. The problem that has been addressed in this study pertains to the inability of accounting information, produced in financial statements, to address specific needs of users of small company’s financial statements in South Africa. The study includes a comprehensive opinion survey of needs for users of small company’s financial statements in South Africa, in order to make recommendations for the improvement of the current accounting reporting standards for small companies. The empirical research performed within this study included the assessment of specific information needs for various user groups of small company’s financial statements in South Africa, by use of questionnaires. The data gathered for the purpose of this study consisted of 434 completed questionnaires by registered small practitioners, 212 completed questionnaires by owners of private companies, 5 completed questionnaires by financial institutions, as well as an interview with the South-African Revenue Services (SARS). The results of the study showed that the current reporting standards for private companies do not satisfy the needs of the users of these small company’s financial statements in South Africa. The requirements of the accounting standard, IFRS for SMEs, that was accepted in South Africa during 2007, applicable on small companies, does not satisfy the information needs of the South-African users. In the light that small companies make up an integral part of the South-African economy, the accounting reporting for these small companies is inevitably important. Users of small company’s financial statements require that the current reporting standards be reduced and simplified in order to address the users’ specific information needs and to ensure that the information in financial statements is meaningful, relevant and reliable for the users. / Thesis (DCom)--University of Pretoria, 2010. / Accounting / unrestricted

Выпускная квалификационная работа (магистерская диссертация) посвящена исследованию методологических аспектов управления затратами и их роли в укреплении финансового положения предприятия на современном этапе. Предметом исследования выступают экономические отношения, возникающие в процессе управления затратами на производство и реализацию продукции. Цель выпускной квалификационной работы (магистерской диссертации) заключается в разработке практических рекомендаций по оптимизации затрат на производство и реализацию продукции на основе изучения теоретических подходов и детального анализа структуры затрат. В заключении приводятся основные выводы и рекомендации по результатам исследования. / Final qualification work (master thesis) is devoted to research of methodological aspects of cost management in the enterprise and their role in fixing the financial situation of the enterprises at the present stage. The subject of the study is economic relations arising in the process of managing the costs of production and sales of products. The purpose of the final qualification work (master's thesis) is to develop practical recommendations for optimizing the costs of production and sales of products based on the study of theoretical approaches and a detailed analysis of the cost structure. In conclusion, the main conclusions and recommendations on the results of the study are given.

The goal of the master's thesis is to prepare the opening statement of financial position according to the International Financial Reporting Standards. The theoretical part commences with the analysis of the current regulation of IFRS in the Czech Republic. Then follows the explanation of conditions and reasons for transition to IFRS. In the end of the theoretical part, the process of transition is explained as well as the application of IFRS 1. The practical part deals with the detail analysis of the individual line items of the statement of financial position according to the Czech GAAP. There also analyzed the relevant regulation of individual line items according to IFRS as well as performed adjustments required from the entity in order to transition to IFRS.

Analysts, managers or other business executives and students have at their disposal wide variety analytical techniques when they want to evaluate company's financial position or when they wish to better understand the financial implication of business operational activities or investment. This thesis examines the uses of financial analysis as one of the main financial assessment techniques. After describing theoretically the main tools of financial analysis, this thesis determines the practicality of these tools in evaluating the financial health of a car distributor company for the period from year 2002 to year 2009. Despite the fact that the analyzed company's core business is car distributor, this analysis takes into consideration also other activities of the company such as repair center because, as the analysis shows, it influenced the financial results of the company. This thesis is concluded with general outcomes from the financial analysis and with recommendation for the company in order to prevent potential risks and in order to improve its financial results.

This diploma thesis deals with application of the International Financial Reporting Standard for Small and Medium-sized Entities (IFRS SME) in conditions of a certain manufacturing company. First parts of the thesis are focused on identification of differences between IFRS SME and full IFRS as well as on IFRS SME concept compared to the Czech and Dutch GAAP. Practical part aims to analyze the overall process of first Standard's adoption that is linked to necessary modification of company's accounting policies. The goal of this part is also to prepare Statements of financial position covering two accounting periods after the transition date. In one part of this thesis there are also brief comments on qualification and education of accountants. As a result of all mentioned above, this thesis helps to outline benefits and constraints of possible IFRS SME implementation in the Czech Republic.

The master’s thesis is focused on the analysis of differences in company’s financial position and performance at financial reporting under IFRS and under Czech accounting. One part of this thesis is application of theoretical knowledge to the practical example and evaluation of their impact on the company´s financial position and performance.

Выпускная квалификационная работа (магистерская диссертация) посвящена исследованию методологическому аспекту управления затратами на предприятии и их роли в креплении финансового положения предприятия на современном этапе. Необходимость научного исследования заключается в том, что осуществление производственной деятельности предприятий всех отраслей деятельности и организационно-правовых форм связано со стремлением получить максимально возможную прибыль в результате деятельности. Актуальность научного исследования заключается в том, что достижение высоких результатов деятельности предприятия невозможно без эффективного управления затратами на производство и реализацию продукции. Процесс формирования затрат предприятия является достаточно актуальным для всех, так как от того, насколько рационально будут они сформированы на каждом предприятии в отдельности и в экономике страны в целом зависит эффективность функционирования экономики страны и целом. / Final qualification work (master thesis) is devoted to research of methodological aspects of cost management in the enterprise and their role in fixing the financial situation of the enterprises at the present stage. The need for research lies in the fact that the implementation of the production activities of enterprises of all sectors and legal forms associated with the desire to obtain the highest possible profit as a result of the activities. The relevance of the research is that the achievement of high results of activity of the enterprise is impossible without effective management of production costs and sales. The process of formation of expenses of the company is quite relevant to all, as to how rational they will be formed at each enterprise separately and in the economy as a whole depends on efficiency of functioning of the economy and a whole.

Выпускная квалификационная работа (магистерская диссертация) посвящена исследованию политики управления οбοрοтным капиталом предприятия и возможностям оптимизации его структуры. Потребность в такого рода исследовании формируется, в первую очередь, хозяйствующими субъектами всех организационно-правовых форм, которые заинтересованы в рациональности использования капитала в целом и оборотного капитала в частности для сохранения финансовой устойчивости, особенно – в динамичных условиях внешней конъюнктуры. Актуальность магистерского исследования обусловлена складывающимися в современными тенденциями в теории управления οбοрοтным корпоративным капиталом. Поиск приоритетного механизма для формирования политики из совокупности существующих направлений управления оборотным капиталом, очевидно, позволит выработать возможности повышения кοнкурентοспοсοбнοсти предприятия посредством снижения издержек в ходе производственного процесса и, возможно, к сокращению потребности в текущем финансировании. / Graduation qualification work (master’s thesis) is devoted to the study of the management policy of the company's capital and the possibilities of optimizing its structure. The need for this kind of research is formed, first of all, by the economic entities of all organizational and legal forms that are interested in the rationality of using capital in general and working capital in particular to maintain financial stability, especially under dynamic external conditions. The urgency of the master’s study is determined by the current trends in the theory of management of the corporate corporative capital. The search for a priority mechanism for the formation of a policy from the set of existing directions of working capital management will obviously enable us to develop opportunities for improving the competitiveness of an enterprise by reducing costs during the production process and, possibly, reducing the need for current financing.