The populations of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) in the Baltic Sea has been heavily exploited for decades, with fishing mortalities close to, and for several occasions, even above one. The larger part of the spawning stock biomass is consequently being removed each year. The issue of fisheries induced evolution (FIE) has been gaining attention from researchers lately. The selection pressure driving this evolution is powered by a connection between high mortality rates and heritable traits. The fishing in the Baltic Sea is mainly performed with size selective gear that can impose selection on traits like size-at-age or size-at-maturity. In this review I show how FIE may affect the Baltic cod towards decreased size-at-age/maturity and how size selective fishing on stocks at low levels can increase the inherent instability of the population as well as deprave the Baltic Sea of ecosystemic services from cod.

Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2016-04-18T12:47:22Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Leo Cartano Fernandes da Silva - 2013.pdf: 4204827 bytes, checksum: 32e2d37452b1a8310f2d6934fa94c0b5 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2016-04-18T12:49:04Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Leo Cartano Fernandes da Silva - 2013.pdf: 4204827 bytes, checksum: 32e2d37452b1a8310f2d6934fa94c0b5 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-18T12:49:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Leo Cartano Fernandes da Silva - 2013.pdf: 4204827 bytes, checksum: 32e2d37452b1a8310f2d6934fa94c0b5 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-07-31 / The objective of this work was explore the relationships between diet, morphology and taxonomy in 30 species from Serra da Mesa Reservoir. The relationships between diet and morphology, diet and taxonomy and morphology e taxonomy were examined using Mantel test. And we test the relationships between diet and morphology after retire the effect os taxonomy using Partial Mantel Test. We used RDA to explore relevant attributes to diet. Results show that, independently of Taxonomy, some of the trophic guilds could be grossly predicted from few relevant morphological attributes (i.e mouth width and mouth Height especially for piscivores and carnivores) and thus suggest a significant link between diet and morphology. In other words, species having similar diet tend to converge to some extent on some morphological attributes. / O objetivo deste trabalho foi explorar as relações entre dieta, morfologia e taxonomia de 30 espécies capturada no Reservatório de Serra da Mesa. As relações entre dieta e morfologia, dieta e taxonomia e morfologia e taxonomia foram testadas utilizando o teste de Mantel. E a relação entre dieta e morfologia, após retirado o efeito da taxonomia foi testada utilizando o teste de mantel parcial. Foi utilizada uma RDA para analisar quais características são importantes para as diferentes dietas apresentadas. Os resultados demonstraram que, independente da taxonomia, algumas guildas tróficas podem ser preditos a partir de alguns atributos morfológicos relevantes (i.e. altura e largura da boca para píscívoros e carnívoros) e sugere relação significativa entre dieta e morfologia. Ou seja, espécies que possuem dieta similar tendem a possuir características morfológicas semelhantes.