How have food identities and practices in upper middle class homes responded to foodie culture? While the majority of the sociological literature focuses on gendered divisions of labor in the kitchen, food security, and healthy eating, my research focuses on how foodie culture discourse has entered the home and shaped food identities and practice. My sample consists of interviews with thirteen parents, both mothers and fathers, with at least one child in the "tween" age range. Using grounded theory, I analyzed and coded the data for recurring themes. I then divided the participants into two groups based on how they discussed their identity as it relates to food; Group 1 viewed food work as a hobby while Group 2 viewed food work as a chore. My findings include themes of the discussion of food identity, nutritional discourse knowledge, shopping practices, defensive moments, feeding strategies, and fathers who cook. My study demonstrates that race, ethnicity, gender, class, nutritional discourse knowledge, time, and parenting style all play an important role in the formation of food identity.

Drawing on Weber’s rationalisation theory and feminist critiques of the consumption-production literature, this thesis describes the impacts and changes in dietary practices that have occurred in households as a result of limited or constrained time available for family food provisioning, and how these changes can be understood as a product of contemporary Australian policy, cultural and food landscapes. It adopts feminist ethnography and household food strategies as important methodological innovations to forge a culturally informed account of convenience-orientated dietary practices in family households within contemporary Australian society. The data were collected from 15 Brisbane family households between January 2002 and August 2006. The thesis argues that dietary practices observed in ‘time-poor’ households have evolved as solutions to the problem of time scarcity by women whose role has traditionally been to feed families. The ‘solutions’ are shaped by the resources to which households have access, and ideas and traditions about family care, food and its responsibility, and available alternative options. Change is observed in diets, menus, source of prepared meals and prepared ingredients, but also organisation of food provisioning and distribution of workload. Also being reshaped is the role of food in the expression of cultural identity, commensality and, in the family setting, the transmission of food skills and knowledge. An analysis that critiques the usefulness of ‘speeding up’ domestic food provisioning as a viable and sustainable solution to the retention of the family meal is drawn, highlighting the problematic nature of persistent nostalgic interpretations of commensal eating patterns in culinary, food activism, sustainability and nutrition discourses. In the absence of a coherent moral philosophy for guiding current public health policy and practice, Kittay’s public ethic of care is proposed as a suitable model. A key challenge for future research is to ensure that household level sociocultural analysis continues to enrich broader debates in food policy and public health.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Under practical breeding conditions, the pigs receive a sequence of diets during the growth and termination phase. The number of diets varies according to the nutritional and industrial aspects, where the most usual is to adopt programs containing between 3 and 5 diets. The length of time each diet is provided is based on the number of days it is assumed that the pigs will achieve a particular gain in body weight. However, there is variability in performance among individuals in a population and thus the use of a single diet program may not be the most appropriate both technically and economically. Thus, the objective of the study was to determine, through the simulation, the impact of diets programs and the variability among animals in lysine intake. The hypothesis of the study is that knowledge of variability allows the elaboration of diets that improve the utilization of resources. The study was performed simulating a population of castrated male pigs from 60 to 160 days of age. A population was generated by simulation from the Gompertz function in order to obtain different growth curves. A sample of the population represented by the light, medium and heavy pigs was taken. From the knowledge of the growth curve of the three categories was calculated the voluntary consumption and the metabolizable energy intake. Estimates for the calculation of lysine requirements were based on the factorial method. Three diets programs were established, the first containing three diets, the second four and third program with five diets. The lysine concentrations in the diets were based on the requirements of the heavy categorized pig and then applied to the light and medium animals. The comparison between the programs was performed considering the amount of lysine ingested and lysine excretion. In the simulation the amount of lysine ingested above the requirements was higher in the light animal followed by the medium and heavy and that the program containing 3 diets generated higher amounts of lysine than expected for the 3 categories of pigs. The lightweight swine ingested 1.1 pounds of lysine above what was needed to meet maintenance and production requirements. This value was 41 and 233% higher than those recorded with the medium and heavy pigs, respectively. The 3-diet program resulted in an intake of 0.81 kg of lysine above that required during the simulation period. Program 4, in turn, caused a consumption of 0.71 kg of lysine above the requirement, while program 5 the lysine ingested above the demand was 0.68 kg. The increase in the number of diets reduced the excess of ingested lysine, and this reduction will be greater the lower the population variability for the lysine requirement. / Em condições práticas de criação, os suínos recebem uma sequência de dietas durante a fase de crescimento e terminação. O número de dietas varia de acordo aos aspectos nutricionais e industriais, onde o mais usual é adotar programas contendo entre 3 e 5 dietas. O período de tempo que cada dieta é fornecida se baseia no número de dias que é assumido que os suínos vão conseguir um determinado ganho de peso corporal. No entanto existe variabilidade no desempenho entre os indivíduos em uma população e, assim o uso de um único programa de dietas pode não ser o mais adequado tanto técnica e economicamente. Dessa forma, o objetivo do estudo foi determinar, através da simulação, o impacto de programas de dietas e a variabilidade entre os animais na ingestão de lisina. A hipótese do estudo é de que o conhecimento da variabilidade permite elaborar planos de dietas que melhorem a utilização dos recursos. O estudo foi realizado simulando uma população de suínos machos castrados dos 60 aos 160 dias de idade. Foi gerada por meio de simulação uma população a partir da função de Gompertz de forma a obter diferentes curvas de crescimento. Foi retirada uma amostra da população representada pelos suínos leve, médio e pesado. A partir do conhecimento da curva de crescimento das três categorias foi calculado o consumo voluntário e a ingestão de energia metabolizável. As estimativas para o cálculo das exigências de lisina foram baseadas pelo método fatorial. Três programas de dietas foram estabelecidos, o primeiro contendo três dietas, o segundo quatro e terceiro programa com cinco dietas. As concentrações de lisina nas dietas foram baseadas nas exigências do suíno categorizado pesado e então aplicado aos animais leve e médio. A comparação entre os programas foi realizada considerando a quantidade de lisina ingerida e excreção de lisina. Na simulação a quantidade de lisina ingerida acima das exigências foi maior no animal leve seguido pelo médio e pesado e que o programa contendo 3 dietas gerou maiores quantidades de lisina acima do esperado para as 3 categorias de suínos. O suíno leve ingeriu 1,1 quilos de lisina acima do necessário para atender as exigências de manutenção e produção. Esse valor foi 41 e 233% superior aos constados com os suínos médio e pesado, respectivamente O programa de 3 dietas resultou em uma ingestão de 0,81 kg de lisina acima do necessário durante o período de simulação. O programa 4, por sua vez, provocou um consumo de 0,71 kg de lisina acima da exigência, enquanto o programa 5 a lisina ingerida acima da demanda foi de 0,68 kg. O aumento do número de dietas reduziu o excesso de lisina ingerida, e esta redução será maior quanto menor for a variabilidade da população para a exigência de lisina.

Problématique de recherche. Les parents salariés doivent faire une conciliation entre la sphère familiale et celle du travail. Plusieurs de ceux-ci vivent une difficulté à répondre aux besoins des deux sphères sans que l’une empiète sur l’autre. Ils ressentent des conflits de conciliation travail-famille, et ceci peut avoir un effet sur les choix alimentaires. On peut se demander quel est l’effet de cette conciliation chez les parents étudiants qui constituent une portion non négligeable de la population étudiante et qui sont dans une condition différente, possiblement plus difficile à concilier, des parents salariés. La présente étude porte plus spécifiquement sur les mères étudiantes, qui s’occupent historiquement et encore aujourd’hui davantage des tâches liées à l’alimentation et qui sont surreprésentées chez les parents étudiants. Objectif de recherche. L’objectif principal est d’explorer la conciliation études-famille des mères étudiantes de l’Université de Montréal et leurs relations avec l’alimentation. Méthodologie. En se basant sur un cadre conceptuel inspiré de la littérature, une approche mixte quantitative et qualitative a été utilisée. Un sondage a été effectué auprès de 169 mères étudiantes à l’automne 2021. Des entrevues individuelles avec huit mères étudiantes ont ensuite permis d’obtenir des informations complémentaires. Résultats. Les mères étudiantes rapportent des indicateurs témoignant d’un conflit études-famille, tel qu’un manque de temps disponible. Quoique la répartition des tâches entre la mère aux études et leur partenaire soit semblable à celle des ménages québécois, elles perçoivent effectuer davantage de tâches liées à l’alimentation. Les stratégies alimentaires des mères pour sauver du temps sont variées, certaines vont vers des aliments prêts-à-manger ou de la restauration rapide, d’autres favorisent la cuisine maison à l’aide de recettes simples, d’utilisation d’équipements de cuisine (mijoteuse, robot culinaire…), de la planification et de la préparation à l’avance. La majorité des mères se disent satisfaites des décisions alimentaires prises pour leur famille, mais une proportion d’entre elles vivent parfois de la culpabilité face au choix effectués. Les données obtenues lors du volet qualitatif ont pu attester de celles obtenues lors du volet quantitatif et offrent certaines pistes de réflexion, comme l’aspect temporaire des choix alimentaires puisque les études ne durent que quelques années. Conclusion. Cette étude permet d’avoir un regard sur l’alimentation des mères étudiantes pour mieux comprendre leur réalité. Cela facilitera le choix d’interventions qui seraient les plus adéquates pour correspondre à leurs motivations et leurs contraintes. / Context. Employed parents must balance their family and work spheres. Many of them find it difficult to meet the needs of both without one encroaching on the other. They experience work-family conflicts, and this can impact their food choices. One may wonder what the effect of this reconciliation is on student parents who constitute a significant portion of the student population and who are in a different situation than employed parents. This study focuses more specifically on student mothers, who historically and still today take more care of food-related tasks and who are overrepresented among student parents. Research objective: The main objective is to explore the study-family balance of student mothers at the University of Montreal and their relationship with food. Methodology: Based on a conceptual framework inspired by the literature, a mixed quantitative and qualitative approach was used. A survey of 169 student mothers took place in the fall of 2021. Individual interviews with eight student mothers then made it possible to obtain additional information. Results: Student mothers perceived indicators of a study-family conflict, such as a lack of available time. The distribution of tasks between the mother and their partner is like Quebec households: mothers perceive that they do more food-related tasks. Mothers' food strategies to save time are varied, some go for ready-to eat foods or fast food, while others promote home cooking with simple recipes, the use of kitchen equipment (slow cooker, food processor…), planning and preparation in advance. Most mothers are satisfied with the food decisions made for their families, but at the same time, a significant portion of them sometimes experience guilt over their choices. The qualitative data obtained could confirm those obtained in the quantitative part and could identify certain avenues for reflection, such as the temporary aspect of food choices for some mothers since studies last only a few years. Conclusion: This study allows us to have a look at the diet of student mothers to better understand their reality. This will facilitate the choice of interventions that would be most appropriate to match their motivations and constraints.