The aim of this work is to assess the influence of mowing and grazing with different frequency and fertilization on species composition, fodder value and bimas production. The experiment was carried out at the village of Hrazany, district of Písek in 2017. The ecological conditions of grasslands, terms and intensity of use, biomass production, botanical composition and species diversity were monitored on these parcels. The data obtained was used to calculate the Hill's Diversity Index, calculate the pasture load, and calculate the yield in dry matter. Non-fertilized plots reach the lowest yields. Most grasses are located on the soil fertilized with urine. The smallest disturbance and shortcomings appear on the pasture with the finch pasture. The values were statistically processed.

Orientador: Ricardo Andrade Reis / Banca: Telma Teresinha Berchielli / Banca: Ana Claudia Ruggieri / Banca: Flávio Augusto Portela Santos / Banca: Valdo Rodrigues Herling / Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os efeitos da suplementação protéica e do uso de monensina e/ou Saccharomyces cerevisiae, nos parâmetros da fermentação ruminal (pH, NH3 e ácidos acético, propiônico e butírico), no consumo de forragem e desempenho de novilhas de corte recriadas em pastagem de capim-Marandú, em duas épocas do ano (transição águas/secas e secas). Os tratamentos avaliados foram: sal mineral (SM); suplemento protéico (SP); suplemento protéico com monensina (SPM); suplemento protéico com levedura (SPL); e suplemento protéico com monensina e levedura (SPML). De acordo com a fermentação ruminal, observou-se alterações no teor do ácido propiônico e razão C2:C3, em resposta ao tratamento SPM. Nas águas, observou-se a influência do pasto no padrão de fermentação ruminal, pois a concentração total de AGCC (133,1mM), ácido acético (101, 4 mM), ácido propiônico (21,1 mM) e ácido butírico (10,7 mM) foram superiores aos demais tratamentos às 6 h. Nas secas, a suplementação mineral protéica melhorou os atributos de fermentação ruminal, porém não houve diferenças estatísticas entre os tratamentos e, a inclusão de levedura à dieta (SPL) aumentou as concentrações de AGCCtotal (109,2mM), acético (80,7mM), propiônico (19,1mm) e butírico (9,4 mM), em relação à inclusão de monensina (67,0, 50,4, 11,8 e 4,8 mM, respectivamente). Quanto ao teor de NH3, na transição águas/secas e secas, respectivamente, às 3h após a refeição foi de 6,7 e 4,8 mg/dL nos animais que consumiam...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: To evaluate the protein supplementation associated with monensin and/or Saccharomyces cerevisiae effects on the ruminal parameters (pH, NH3, acetic, propionic and butiric acids), dry matter intake, and heifers performance grazing Marandu grass pasture in different times (the end of rainy and dry season) this trial was conducted. The evaluated treatments were: mineral salt (MS), protein supplement (PS), PS plus monensin (PSM), PS plus S. cerevisiae (PSL), PS plus monensin and S. cerevisiae (PSML). The PSM changed the ruminal propionic acid values and the C2:C3 ratio. In the end of rainy season, the forage characteristics affected the ruminal parameters. Total fatty acid (133.1 mM), acetic (101.4 mM), propionic (21.1 mM), and butiric acid (10.7 mM) values were greatest on the PSM animals evaluated at six hours after the supplementation. In the dry season, the protein supplementation in general changed the ruminal parameters. In the end of the rainy season and dry season, the MS animals presented NH3 level, respectively of the 6.7 and 4.8 mg/dL, three hours after supplementation. However, the supplemented animals, in average showed 22.3, and 27.6 mg/dL of the ruminal NH3. Low herbage mass was observed on August (2.8 t/ha), and September (1.9 t/ha). The weights gains were 0.4, and 0.2 kg/d on the SP, and 0.2, and -0.06 kg/d on the SM animals, on August and September, respectively. On the end of the rainy season the PSM animal showed 9.8 kg more gain than the PSML. During the end of rainy season the SM heifers presented highest forage intake (2.16% BW), and monensin addition reduced forage intake in 18%. In the dry season the MS heifers presented 2.08% BW of forage, compared to the supplemented animals (1.55% BW)...(Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:33:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-02-12Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:25:12Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 bertipaglia_lma_dr_jabo.pdf: 804905 bytes, checksum: 0d0438eeb116ed2ed0780bcd278b3b2c (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Bellman Nutricao Animal Ltda / Brascan - Fazenda Bartira / Saf do Brasil - DiviSão Agropecuaria / O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os efeitos da suplementação protéica e do uso de monensina e/ou Saccharomyces cerevisiae, nos parâmetros da fermentação ruminal (pH, NH3 e ácidos acético, propiônico e butírico), no consumo de forragem e desempenho de novilhas de corte recriadas em pastagem de capim-Marandú, em duas épocas do ano (transição águas/secas e secas). Os tratamentos avaliados foram: sal mineral (SM); suplemento protéico (SP); suplemento protéico com monensina (SPM); suplemento protéico com levedura (SPL); e suplemento protéico com monensina e levedura (SPML). De acordo com a fermentação ruminal, observou-se alterações no teor do ácido propiônico e razão C2:C3, em resposta ao tratamento SPM. Nas águas, observou-se a influência do pasto no padrão de fermentação ruminal, pois a concentração total de AGCC (133,1mM), ácido acético (101, 4 mM), ácido propiônico (21,1 mM) e ácido butírico (10,7 mM) foram superiores aos demais tratamentos às 6 h. Nas secas, a suplementação mineral protéica melhorou os atributos de fermentação ruminal, porém não houve diferenças estatísticas entre os tratamentos e, a inclusão de levedura à dieta (SPL) aumentou as concentrações de AGCCtotal (109,2mM), acético (80,7mM), propiônico (19,1mm) e butírico (9,4 mM), em relação à inclusão de monensina (67,0, 50,4, 11,8 e 4,8 mM, respectivamente). Quanto ao teor de NH3, na transição águas/secas e secas, respectivamente, às 3h após a refeição foi de 6,7 e 4,8 mg/dL nos animais que consumiam... / To evaluate the protein supplementation associated with monensin and/or Saccharomyces cerevisiae effects on the ruminal parameters (pH, NH3, acetic, propionic and butiric acids), dry matter intake, and heifers performance grazing Marandu grass pasture in different times (the end of rainy and dry season) this trial was conducted. The evaluated treatments were: mineral salt (MS), protein supplement (PS), PS plus monensin (PSM), PS plus S. cerevisiae (PSL), PS plus monensin and S. cerevisiae (PSML). The PSM changed the ruminal propionic acid values and the C2:C3 ratio. In the end of rainy season, the forage characteristics affected the ruminal parameters. Total fatty acid (133.1 mM), acetic (101.4 mM), propionic (21.1 mM), and butiric acid (10.7 mM) values were greatest on the PSM animals evaluated at six hours after the supplementation. In the dry season, the protein supplementation in general changed the ruminal parameters. In the end of the rainy season and dry season, the MS animals presented NH3 level, respectively of the 6.7 and 4.8 mg/dL, three hours after supplementation. However, the supplemented animals, in average showed 22.3, and 27.6 mg/dL of the ruminal NH3. Low herbage mass was observed on August (2.8 t/ha), and September (1.9 t/ha). The weights gains were 0.4, and 0.2 kg/d on the SP, and 0.2, and -0.06 kg/d on the SM animals, on August and September, respectively. On the end of the rainy season the PSM animal showed 9.8 kg more gain than the PSML. During the end of rainy season the SM heifers presented highest forage intake (2.16% BW), and monensin addition reduced forage intake in 18%. In the dry season the MS heifers presented 2.08% BW of forage, compared to the supplemented animals (1.55% BW)...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)

In connection with the growing area of permanent grasslands in the Czech Republic, their productive and, above all, non-productive importance is at the forefront. In addition to forage production, meadow stands represent an important component of the environment in terms of biodiversity conservation. The aim of this diploma thesis was to monitor the influence of organic fertilization on land in the cadastral of Cekov and Kařez. Observations were carried out on unheated and organically fertilized localities in 2017. Higher botanical diversity showed unheated land, where the herbal component and clover predominated. There was a higher proportion of grass on the fertilized land. In terms of grassland quality, fertilized plots were best assessed. The data analyzed were statistically evaluated.