Ce travail étudie les couts et bénéfices liés à l'accroissement de la transparence dans les politiques d'interventions des banques centrales sur le marché des changes. Il s'articule autour de quatre articles de recherche. Chaque article repose sur des méthodes économétriques récentes et une base de données originale (politique de la banque centrale japonaise de 1991 à 2004).

Submitted by Elba Lopes (elba.lopes@fecap.br) on 2016-03-30T20:23:26Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Joao_Valente_Filho.pdf: 7421165 bytes, checksum: aad91aa0415ce64e49f43f719fb06e8b (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-30T20:23:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Joao_Valente_Filho.pdf: 7421165 bytes, checksum: aad91aa0415ce64e49f43f719fb06e8b (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-16 / Since the beginning of trading in stock exchanges there are studies concerning its behaviour, evolution and economic-financial models for many purposes. Theories like Markowitz and Sharpe have become classicals, and are still used nowadays for historical data studies. In this context, the aim of this research was to analyse the correlations between the Market indexes of different countries, from 1999 to 2014. Moreover, to verify whether there was correlation or not between the stock exchange indexes, foreign currency variation, geographical distance and the fluctuation of stock exchange indexes. The methodology was the survey of weekly historical data from closing prices and geographical distance. Data was obtained through three-yearly cuts for analysing its evolution and the conclusion of the proposed aim. It could be concluded that in all periods, there was a relevant majority of significances in correlations of stock Exchange returns at 1%. The same significance could not be observed for the foreign currency return correlations at 1%. It could also be concluded that there is statistic significance at 1% between the independent variable foreign Exchange correlation, and the dependent variable stock Exchange indexes correlation. Moreover, in most periods, the same statistic significance can be seen for the independent variable geographical distance, together with the dependent variable stock Exchange indexes correlation. / Desde o in??cio das negocia????es em bolsa de valores, h?? estudos sobre seu comportamento, sua evolu????o e modelos econ??mico-financeiros para os mais diversos fins. Cria????es de teorias como as de Markowitz e Sharpe se tornaram escolas cl??ssicas, utilizadas at?? os dias atuais para estudos de dados hist??ricos. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste estudo foi analisar as correla????es entre ??ndices acion??rios de pa??ses diferentes entre 1999 e 2014 e verificar se h?? rela????o entre as correla????es entre ??ndices de bolsas de valores, varia????es cambiais, dist??ncia geogr??fica e as volatilidades dos ??ndices das bolsas. A metodologia aplicada foi o levantamento dos dados hist??ricos semanais de fechamento da bolsa, c??mbio e dist??ncia geogr??fica. Os dados foram obtidos com cortes trienais para an??lise de sua evolu????o e conclus??o do objetivo proposto. Pode-se concluir que, em todos os per??odos analisados, houve uma maioria relevante de signific??ncias nas correla????es dos retornos da bolsa de valores em n??vel de signific??ncia a 1%. A mesma signific??ncia n??o p??de ser observada para as correla????es dos retornos do c??mbio em n??vel de signific??ncia a 1%. Pode-se concluir, tamb??m, que h?? signific??ncia estat??stica ao n??vel de 1% relevante entre a vari??vel independente correla????o do c??mbio e a vari??vel dependente correla????o dos ??ndices acion??rios. Ainda, ?? vista, na maioria dos per??odos analisados, a mesma signific??ncia estat??stica para a vari??vel independente dist??ncia geogr??fica com a vari??vel dependente correla????o de ??ndices acion??rios

Tax optimization for a Specific Entrepreneur. What does it mean? Specific topisc covered in my thesis include enventroy-taking, reserves, accruals a deferrals, non-deductible and deductible costs (expenses), foreing exchange rate variations, depreciation, provisions against receivables, accrual revenu, deffered tax and others. My thesis concents the tax optimization of a real client company, seated in Prague and working in the building industry.