Texte remanié de: Habilitationsschrift--Freie Universität Berlin. / Bibliogr. p. 224-257.

Dissertation--Universität Bremen, 2006. / Bibliogr. p. 304-318.

Tesi--Architettura--Firenze--Università degli studi, 1981.

Proefschrift--Department of ancient history and classical archaeology--Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1991.

Thèse--Paris 4, 1992. / En appendice, résumés en français et en espagnol. Bibliogr. p. 319-334. Index.

Extrait de: Th. doct.--Terre, océan, espace--Rennes 1, 1990. Titre de soutenance : Les sites religieux et fortifiés du haut Moyen âge en Bretagne : les églises des saints et les palais des rois. / Bibliogr. p. 99-106.

Diss.--Fachbereich Geschichtswissenschaft--Universität Hamburg, 1993. / Contient un choix de documents. Bibliogr. p. 202-211. Index.

No description available.

The Military Revolution thesis posited by Michael Roberts and expanded upon by Geoffrey Parker places the trace italienne style of fortification of the early modern period as something that is a novel creation, borne out of the minds of Renaissance geniuses. Research shows, however, that the key component of the trace italienne, the angled bastion, has its roots in Greek and Roman writing, and in extant constructions by Roman and Byzantine engineers. The angled bastion of the trace italienne was yet another aspect of the resurgent Greek and Roman culture characteristic of the Renaissance along with the traditions of medicine, mathematics, and science. The writings of the ancients were bolstered by physical examples located in important trading and pilgrimage routes. Furthermore, the geometric layout of the trace italienne stems from Ottoman fortifications that preceded it by at least two hundred years. The Renaissance geniuses combined ancient bastion designs with eastern geometry to match a burgeoning threat in the rising power of the siege cannon.

Texte remanié de: Th. doct.--Hist.--Université du Maine, 1998. / Bibliogr. p. 265-268.