Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:48:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Vitor Augusto Andrade Albiero.pdf: 857839 bytes, checksum: c0e25238fa968155fb8e8ec30b5b6310 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-02-24 / Francis Schaeffer is considered by many one of the greatest Christians of the 20th century. Upset by the divorce between nature and grace provoked by the preeminence of irrationality contained in contemporary thought, the author encounters the decline and lack of hope that imprint the modern man regarding the concept of objective and universal truth. In defiance of this very declaration, Francis Schaeffer tries to rescue the balance that should involve the elements in the relation faith and reason without, however, inclining towards rationalisms nor even, on the other hand, toward a religious existentialism. Verifying the crisis and dilemma in which the modern man finds himself in philosophy, arts, general culture and theology, engendered by the respective abandonment of universal concepts and by the adoption of a post-modern perspective of a fragmented reality, Francis Schaeffer proposes a confrontation of this crisis from an epistemic source found only in the Sacred Scriptures. Herewith, the objective of this research is to demonstrate that the author tries to compose his proposed solution exclusively aligned with the Biblical Christianity, keeping in mind the influence that he received from the presupposition and principles of the reformed thought. Thus, one tries to identify how Francis Schaeffer applies the reformed view regarding the unified field of knowledge in his diagnosis and proposal for confronting the paradigm crisis, to the point of claiming the inexistence of the epistemological crisis for the reformers, as well as for the biblical. Nonetheless, in order to solve the actual epistemological crisis in which the modern man finds himself, the author highlights the vital and imperious importance regarding the epistemic response emerging from the reformed concept of Biblical Revelation, which ends up, wherefore, offering an answer equally metaphysical and moral, also necessary for dissolving the paradigm crisis. / Francis Schaeffer é considerados por muitos um dos maiores cristãos do século XX. Contrariado com o divórcio entre a natureza e a graça , provocado pela preeminência da irracionalidade que envolve o pensamento contemporâneo, o autor se depara com o declínio e a desesperança que marcam o homem moderno quanto ao conceito de verdade objetiva e universal. Em oposição a esta constatação própria, Francis Schaeffer busca resgatar o equilíbrio que deve envolver os elementos da relação fé e razão sem, contudo, inclinar-se para o racionalismo ou, por outro lado, polarizar-se para o existencialismo religioso. Ao constatar a crise e dilema em que o homem moderno se encontra nas áreas da filosofia, artes, cultura geral, e teologia, gerados pelo abandono do conceito de universais e pela adoção da perspectiva pós-moderna da realidade fragmentada, Francis Schaeffer propõe o enfrentamento desta crise a partir da fonte epistêmica encontrada somente nas Escrituras Sagradas. Deste modo, é objetivo desta pesquisa demonstrar que o autor compõe sua proposta de solução exclusivamente pautada no Cristianismo Bíblico tendo em vista a influência que recebeu dos pressupostos e princípios do pensamento reformado. Assim, busca-se identificar como Francis Schaeffer aplica a visão reformada acerca do campo unificado do conhecimento em seu diagnóstico e proposta de enfrentamento da crise de paradigmas, a ponto de afirmar a inexistência da crise epistemológica para os reformadores, bem como para os cristãos bíblicos. Todavia, a fim de solucionar a atual tensão epistemológica em que o homem moderno se encontra, o autor ressalta a importância imprescindível e imperiosa quanto à resposta epistêmica partir do conceito reformado de Revelação Bíblica, o que acaba, por conseguinte, fornecendo igualmente a resposta metafísica e moral, também necessárias para o esvanecendo da crise de paradigmas.

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Within the field of theological aesthetics, this project assesses the divide between theological accounts of art and the re-emergence of religious imagery in modern and contemporary art. More specifically, American Protestant theologians and their accounts of visual art will be taken up as a representative set of contemporary theological inquiry in the arts. Under this category, evaluation will be made of three diverse traditions in American Protestant thought: Paul Tillich and Liberal Protestantism, Francis Schaeffer and the Neo-Calvinists, and the open evangelical accounts of Nicholas Wolterstorff and William Dyrness. With respect to modern and contemporary visual art, this evaluation judges the degree to which theologians have understood the primary concepts and dominant narratives of various modernisms and postmodernisms of art since the end of the nineteenth century, recognised the watershed moments in the lineage of the twentieth century avant-garde, and acknowledged the influence of critical theory not only upon the contemporary discourse in aesthetics and art production but also in the social reception of art. In tracing the re-emergence of religious imagery in modern and contemporary art, this project takes up three diverse traditions: the Crucifixions of Francis Bacon and the memento mori art of Damien Hirst, the ‘re-enchantment’ of art in the work of Joseph Beuys, and the art of ‘False Blasphemy’ associated with lapsed Catholics like Rober Gober and Andres Serrano. By assessing what theologians have written concerning visual art and the surprising return of certain religious imagery in modern and contemporary art, this study will intimate a new way forward in a mutually beneficial dialogue for art and religious belief.