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A comparative study of the woodfuel crisis and rural energy planning in India and ChinaTsa, Tak-yan, Dane., 謝得恩. January 1992 (has links)
published_or_final_version / Comparative Asian Studies / Master / Master of Arts
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Utilization of upland phytomass for fuel陳榮均, Chen, Rongjun. January 1993 (has links)
published_or_final_version / abstract / toc / Botany / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy
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The gasification of biomass in a fluidized bed reactorSingh, Satish K January 2011 (has links)
Typescript (photocopy). / Digitized by Kansas Correctional Industries
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The gasification of biomass in commercial downdraft gasifiersChern, Shyh-Ming. January 1985 (has links)
Call number: LD2668 .T4 1985 C48 / Master of Science
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The influence of post-harvest treatments on the coppice response of two woody savanna speciesRankin, Christopher James January 2017 (has links)
A dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Science,
University of the Witwatersrand,
in partial fulfilment of the requirements
for the degree of Master of Science,
Johannesburg, South Africa
2017. / Fuelwood is still heavily relied upon by rural communities as a source of energy. The current
levels of wood harvesting have been deemed unsustainable, with models predicting the
local exhaustion of wood resources in most cases. However, wood depletion has generally
not happened to the level of severity predicted by the models. This may partially due to
under-accounting for coppice regeneration. Many savanna species that are harvested for
fuelwood demonstrate strong coppicing ability, which allows for regrowth after a
disturbance. This ability to regrow or coppice is a key functional trait which allows species
to persist and survive in frequently disturbed environments. There is surprisingly limited
knowledge about coppice dynamics in savanna trees and how managerial actions might
influence the coppice response and production of savanna species. To address this
problem, this study investigated the influence of four post-harvest treatments on various
aspects of the coppice response of Terminalia sericea and Dichrostachys cinerea – two
important savanna fuelwood species – in a field experiment. A total of 108 felled trees per
species were exposed to one of four treatments, which were applied monthly for 12
months. The treatments were (1) Control – no coppice shoots were removed for 12
months, (2) Harvest – all coppice shots were removed monthly, (3) Single prune – the
coppice shoot with the widest diameter was left on the stump, and (4) Usable – coppice
shoots that reached a diameter of 2 cm were removed. The effect that these treatments
had on the average diameter, length and cumulative number of coppice shoots produced
per stump was compared. The measurements of diameter and length were used in
developing allometric equations for the prediction of coppice shoot biomass. The predicted
biomass produced through the study was compared across treatments to gain an
understanding of how productivity could be influenced by management of coppice shoots.
The mean shoot diameter, length, as well as cumulative number of coppice shoots produced
per stump was higher in the single prune treatment for both species while the harvest
treatment resulted in high numbers of coppice shoots but with low average diameter and
length. Applying the growth rates of coppice shoots found in this study it can be assumed
that unmanaged coppice shoots will take approximately 5.5 years to reach a preferred
harvestable diameter of 4 cm, while single prune coppice shoots would take 3.3 years to
reach the preferred harvestable diameter. Diameter had more of an influence on the
predicted coppice biomass production of T. sericea while D. cinerea biomass prediction was
more influenced by shoot length. However, only diameter was used to compare the
prediction of coppice biomass with previously developed equations as these equations did
not consider length for predicting biomass of different components of trees. From the
derived models, the calculated biomass at the end of the study period as well as the
calculated biomass produced through the year was greatest for the control treatment. The
predicted dry shoot stem biomass at the harvestable diameter of 4 cm was 114.60 g for T.
sericea and 95.88 g for D. cinerea. From the findings of this study it is clear that post-harvest
management can be utilised to manipulate coppice response and biomass production.
Keywords: Fuelwood; Coppice shoot; Post-harvest treatment; Diameter; Length; Biomass / LG2018
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Household Air Pollution Exposures and Respiratory Health Among Women in Rural GhanaVan Vliet, Eleanne D.S. January 2016 (has links)
Approximately 3 billion people in developing countries rely on solid fuels for their cooking, heating and lighting needs (Smith 2000). Household air pollution (HAP) from the incomplete combustion of these fuels constitutes the fourth leading risk factor for death and morbidity worldwide, and the number one risk factor for disease burden in some developing nations, including Ghana (Lim et al. 2013; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation 2016). While research shows biomass fuel combustion presents a significant global health and environmental burden, no regional, national or global policies have been enacted to reduce fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and black carbon (BC) emissions from cooking with biomass fuels. More data on personal exposures to particulate matter and BC from cooking with biomass are needed across geographic areas to assess whether exposure is mediated by (cultural) cooking customs, practices and behaviors. These data are critical in informing improved cookstove design as well as policies aimed at reducing harmful emissions and exposures from biomass smoke. The overall objective of this proposal is to examine personal exposures to cooking and non-cooking sources of HAP, characterize the elemental composition of the fine particulate matter across two common biomass fuels (charcoal and wood), and assess acute respiratory symptoms in pregnant women cooking with biomass fuels in rural Ghana. Through aerosol monitoring of PM2.5, our goal is to identify and apportion sources of personal exposures borne by cooks in rural Ghana, in order to inform mitigation policies and intervention design to alleviate health burden associated with cooking with biomass fuels. Specifically, in Aim 1 we propose to measure personal exposures and kitchen air concentrations of PM2.5 and BC across cooking locations, (i.e. enclosed, semi-enclosed, outdoor) and assess cooking characteristics (e.g. fuel, kitchen type, ethnicity) as possible determinants of exposure. In Aim 2, we will characterize the elemental composition of personal and kitchen air samples across fuel and kitchen types. These two aims will allow us to assess cooking and non-cooking sources of personal HAP exposure based on air monitoring data, composition of the filters, and survey-based cooking characteristics/demographics. In Aim 3, we propose to characterize the prevalence of adult respiratory symptoms in 1183 pregnant women in the region, and assess associations between personal exposure, measured by personal carbon monoxide (CO), and other cooking and non-cooking determinants of personal exposure, including fuel type, years cooked, kerosene lamp, mosquito coils, and charcoal production.
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Analysis of chemical and physical processes during the pyrolysis of large biomass pellets /Chan, Wai-chun Ricky. January 1983 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 1983. / Vita. Bibliography: leaves 169-182.
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Techniques and systems for boom-corridor thinning in young dense forestsBergström, Dan, January 2009 (has links) (PDF)
Diss. (sammanfattning) Umeå : Sveriges lantbruksuniv., 2009. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.
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An investigation of large-scale tropical biomass burning and the impact of its emissions on atmospheric compositionRichardson, Jennifer Lynn 08 1900 (has links)
No description available.
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The making of a market : supply- and demand-side perspectives on institutional innovation in Sweden's wood fuel use /Bohlin, Folke, January 2001 (has links) (PDF)
Diss. (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Sveriges lantbruksuniv., 2001. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.
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