Despite the built-in garbage collector, Java programs can still suffer the memory leak problem resulted from the unhealthy programming style of retaining unwanted references. This paper presents an aspect-based tool for assisting programmers in locating such references to fix the problem. This tool, FindLeaks, utilizes an aspect to collect memory consumption statistics and object references created during a program’s execution and analyzes them for detecting memory leaks. The distinctive feature of FindLeaks is that it reports not only suspected classes of leaked objects but also where in the source the unwanted references were created. Besides, this paper also reports our experience with FindLeaks on three open source Java programs and how we enhanced it to lower its overhead.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:55:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GleydsonAFL.pdf: 2185056 bytes, checksum: 094b58b4341884e4f12979b1aa1e99e0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-02-02 / The lava Platform is increasing1y being adopted in the development of distributed sys?tems with higb user demando This kind of application is more complex because it needs beyond attending the functional requirements, to fulfil1 the pre-established performance parameters. This work makes a study on the Java Vutual Machine (JVM), approaching its intemal aspects and exploring the garbage collection strategies existing in the literature and used by the NM. It also presents a set of tools that helps in the job of optimizing applications and others that help in the monitoring of applications in the production envi?ronment. Doe to the great amount of technologies that aim to solve problems which are common to the application layer, it becomes difficult to choose the one with best time response and less memory usage. This work presents a brief introduction to each one of tbe possible technologies and realize comparative tests through a statistical analysis of the response time and garbage collection activity random variables. The obtained results supply engineers and managers with a subside to decide which technologies to use in large applications through the knowledge of how they behave in their environments and the amount of resources that they consume. The relation between the productivity of the technology and its performance is also considered ao important factor in this choice / A plataforma Java vem sendo crescentemente adotada no desenvolvimento de siste?mas distribu?dos de alta demanda de usu?rios. Este tipo de aplica??o ? mais complexa pois necessita al?m de atender os requisitos funcionais cumprir os par?metros de desem?penho pr?-estabelecidos. Este trabalho realiza um estudo da m?quina virtual lava (NM) abordando seus aspectos internos e explorando as pol?ticas de coleta de lixo existentes na literatura e as usadas pela JVM. Apresenta tamb?m um conjunto de ferramentas que auxiliam Da tarefa de otimizar aplica??es e outras que auxiliam no monitoramento das aplica??es em produ??o. Diante da grande quantidade de tecnologias que se apresentam para solucionar pro?blemas inerentes ?s camadas das aplica??es, toma-se dif?cil realizar escolha daquela que possui o melhor tempo de resposta e o menor uso de mem?ria. O trabalho apresenta um breve referencial te?rico de cada uma das poss?veis tecnologias e realiza testes compara?tivos atrav?s de uma an?lise estat?stica da vari?vel aleat?ria do tempo de resposta e das atividades de coleta de lixo. Os resultados obtidos fornecem um subs?dio para engenheiros e gerentes decidirem quais tecnologias utilizarem em aplica??es de grande porte atrav?s do conhecimento de como elas se comportam nestes ambientes e a quantidade de recursos que consomem. A rela??o entre produtividade da tecnologia e seu desempenho tamb?m ? considerada como um fator importante nesta escolha

New PCI-e flash cards and SSDs supporting over 100,000 IOPs are now available, with several usecases in the design of a high performance storage system. By using an array of flash chips, arranged in multiple banks, large capacities are achieved. Such multi-banked architecture allow parallel read, write and erase operations. In a raw PCI-e flash card, such parallelism is directly available to the software layer. In addition, the devices have restrictions such as, pages within a block can only be written sequentially. The devices also have larger minimum write sizes (>4KB). Current flash translation layers (FTLs) in Linux are not well suited for such devices due to the high device speeds, architectural restrictions as well as other factors such as high lock contention. We present a FTL for Linux that takes into account the hardware restrictions, that also exploits the parallelism to achieve high speeds. We also consider leveraging the parallelism for garbage collection by scheduling the garbage collection activities on idle banks. We propose and evaluate an adaptive method to vary the amount of garbage collection according to the current I/O load on the device. For large scale distributed storage systems, flash memories are an excellent choice because flash memories consume less power, take lesser floor space for a target throughput and provide faster access to data. In a traditional distributed filesystem, even distribution is required to ensure load-balancing, balanced space utilisation and failure tolerance. In the presence of flash memories, in addition, we should also ensure that the numbers of writes to these different flash storage nodes are evenly distributed, to ensure even wear of flash storage nodes, so that unpredictable failures of storage nodes are avoided. This requires that we distribute updates and do garbage collection, across the flash storage nodes. We have motivated the distributed wearlevelling problem considering the replica placement algorithm for HDFS. Viewing the wearlevelling across flash storage nodes as a distributed co-ordination problem, we present an alternate design, to reduce the message communication cost across participating nodes. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our design through simulation.