The objective of this research was to determine the effectiveness of nanoparticles for reducing gas and odour emissions from swine manure slurry using three deployment methods: headspace gas filtration, mixing with manure slurry and spraying into the headspace of manure slurry. <p> Filtering manure gas through the zinc oxide (ZnO) filter bed at a flow rate of 500 mL/min reduced ammonia (NH3), hydrogen sulphide (H2S) and odour concentrations by 74 to 99%. Methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations of the filtered manure gas were decreased by 14% and 18%, respectively. Mixing ZnO into the manure slurry significantly reduced odour concentration by 79% and the hedonic tone was improved by 25% at one day after treatment application. Concentrations of CH4 and H2S were reduced by 54% and 98%; however concentrations of NH3 and nitrous oxide (N2O) were increased by 31% and 3%, respectively. Even though mixing of ZnO into the slurry influenced the gas and odour concentration, manure properties such as ammonia as N, TKN, P, K, S, Na, Ca, Mg, Cu, Fe, Mn, Z, total solids, % moisture, pH and EC were not changed except for an increase of 0.2 in pH value. Spraying tungsten oxide (WO3) into the headspace of manure slurry decreased the odour and CO2 concentration by 31 and 10%, but the reduction was not statistically significant (P>0.05).<p>Among the three deployment methods, filtration and mixing methods using ZnO were able to reduce NH3, H2S, and odour concentration. However, surface reactions between the manure gas components and nanoparticles should be investigated to increase the effectiveness of the treatment application. Likewise, knowing these reactions will facilitate the identification and manipulation of factors that influence the effectiveness of the deployment method. Economic, environmental and health assessment should be done to determine the feasibility and overall impact of using nanotechnology in reducing gas and odour emission to the swine industry.

The objective of this research was to determine the effectiveness of nanoparticles for reducing gas and odour emissions from swine manure slurry using three deployment methods: headspace gas filtration, mixing with manure slurry and spraying into the headspace of manure slurry. <p> Filtering manure gas through the zinc oxide (ZnO) filter bed at a flow rate of 500 mL/min reduced ammonia (NH3), hydrogen sulphide (H2S) and odour concentrations by 74 to 99%. Methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations of the filtered manure gas were decreased by 14% and 18%, respectively. Mixing ZnO into the manure slurry significantly reduced odour concentration by 79% and the hedonic tone was improved by 25% at one day after treatment application. Concentrations of CH4 and H2S were reduced by 54% and 98%; however concentrations of NH3 and nitrous oxide (N2O) were increased by 31% and 3%, respectively. Even though mixing of ZnO into the slurry influenced the gas and odour concentration, manure properties such as ammonia as N, TKN, P, K, S, Na, Ca, Mg, Cu, Fe, Mn, Z, total solids, % moisture, pH and EC were not changed except for an increase of 0.2 in pH value. Spraying tungsten oxide (WO3) into the headspace of manure slurry decreased the odour and CO2 concentration by 31 and 10%, but the reduction was not statistically significant (P>0.05).<p>Among the three deployment methods, filtration and mixing methods using ZnO were able to reduce NH3, H2S, and odour concentration. However, surface reactions between the manure gas components and nanoparticles should be investigated to increase the effectiveness of the treatment application. Likewise, knowing these reactions will facilitate the identification and manipulation of factors that influence the effectiveness of the deployment method. Economic, environmental and health assessment should be done to determine the feasibility and overall impact of using nanotechnology in reducing gas and odour emission to the swine industry.