Thesis (S.T.M.)--Trinity Lutheran Seminary, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 89-95).

Thesis (M. Phil.)--University of Hong Kong, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 145-148).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2003. / Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 138-148). Also available on the Internet.

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Hong Kong, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 35-37).

published_or_final_version / English Studies / Master / Master of Arts

Not available / text

This is a study of collective identity formation among Montreal gay men before 1970. Using a theoretical framework based on schema theory and discourse analysis, I show that the success of the gay movement after that date was founded on the efforts of men who identified as gay in the decades before gay liberation. In their daily lives, their involvement with gay friendship groups, and their participation in gay social life in the clandestine world of bars and other venues of gay sociability, these men created a complex web of knowledge in gay-specific schemata and discourse forms that provided the basis for a gay rhetoric to counter the social taboo on homosexuality. Using data from thirty life history interviews, I have documented in detail the raw's struggle to come to terms with their difference, the influence on them of family, peer groups and authoritative discourses condemning homosexuality, the ways in which they found and entered the gay world, and the processes of learning its social conventions, I have outlined the continuous growth of the institutional foundations of the gay world, especially bars, focusing on the similarities and differences between Francophones and Anglophones, as well as those between working-class and middle-class gays in Montreal I detail the social control exerted by police over gay men's lives and the growth of symbolic forms, including language and shared discursive themes, which the new gay spaces made possible and through which the collectivity was made manifest. Finally, I show that the increasing unwillingness of ordinary gay men to accept their ostracism led to the growth of a gay culture of resistance based on these shared schemata. The leadership of individual gay men in private and in public opened the way for the social, cultural and political transformations of the social organization of homosexuality after 1970.

The present study investigated the applicability of the theory of reasoned action (Ajzen & Fishbein, 1980) to attitudes toward lesbians and gay men. Specifically, the investigation sought to examine individuals' intentions to request or not to request a new, heterosexual roommate given that they have been assigned a gay (or lesbian) roommate. The purpose of the investigation was to test the mediating role of respondents' perceptions of the expectations of important persons in their lives (termed subjective norm) and their attitudes toward the specific behavior of requesting a new roommate (termed attitude toward the act). An alternative to the Ajzen-Fishbein model was tested to determine whether the variables of acquaintance with a member of the target group, sex, and attitude toward the target predict request. Phase One assessed the modal beliefs and the normative beliefs of 98 students in a university population through self-report data gathered in a free response format. Phase Two investigated the relationship between the attitudes and subjective norm of 238 university students and their intention to request a new roommate with a questionnaire format developed from the responses in Phase One. The AjzenFishbein variables mediated the variables of acquaintance with a gay or lesbian, sex of the respondent, and a general attitude toward the target when predicting the request of a heterosexual roommate. / Department of Psychological Science

This study explored the relationship between life events and central need schemas(i.e. basic assumptions about oneself and the world). The hypotheses tested were 1) people who have experienced traumatic stress will have more negative or disrupted schemas in areas of central need than those who haven't experienced traumatic stress, 2) the schemas of lesbian women, gay men, and bisexual men and women who have not experienced significant traumatic stress differ from those of heterosexual men and women who have not experienced significant traumatic stress, and 3) one's sexual identity is a variable in how one responds to traumatic stress. Results did not support the first or third hypotheses. However, support was found for the second hypothesis. Lack of support for two of the hypotheses is believed to be due to the specific data analysis used for the study A discussion of the results and suggestions for future research are then presented. / Department of Counseling Psychology and Guidance Services

The current study examined the effect of client sexual orientation and gender role on psychologists’ clinical judgment. A secondary purpose was to examine the extent that psychologist heterosexual identity development status affects the level of heterosexist judgment error displayed when working with lesbian and gay male clients. It was hypothesized that psychologists’ clinical decisions will differ as a result of client sex, client sexual orientation, and client gender role when therapist heterosexual identity development status is controlled for, with psychologists providing significantly different clinical judgments (as measured by diagnostic impression ratings, global and relational functioning ratings, and therapist reported client attractiveness) for lesbian and gay male clients and those displaying cross gendered gender roles than heterosexual female and male clients and those displaying gender-congruent gender roles. It was also hypothesized that psychologist heterosexual identity development status and client sexual orientation together are better predictors of the variation observed in psychologist clinical decisions than client sexual orientation alone. Eight hundred randomly selected members of the American Psychological Association, were presented with a clinical vignette describing fictions client seeking psychological services. The vignettes were identical except for client sex (female or male), sexual orientation (heterosexual or lesbian/gay), and gender role (feminine or masculine), which were manipulated to produce eight different vignettes. After reviewing the vignette, participants provided their diagnostic impressions of the client, rated the overall attractiveness of the client, and completed a measure designed to assess their level of heterosexual identity development. One hundred and thirty-five participants completed the study's materials and were included in the main analyses. Results of the randomized 2 (Client Sex) x 2 (Client Sexual Orientation) x 2 (Client Gender Role) multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA), controlling for psychologist heterosexual identity development status, found that psychologists significantly differed in their assessment of lesbian and gay male clients and heterosexual female and male clients on a variety of clinical factors. Results of a series of multiple linear regressions found that psychologist heterosexual identity development status and client sexual orientation together were better predictors of the variation observed in psychologist clinical decisions than client sexual orientation alone. / Department of Counseling Psychology and Guidance Services