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In this thesis I discuss some relationships and conversations that occur---and some that could occur in the future---among authors in men's studies in religion and those who work with Jacques Lacan's psychoanalytical model. I focus on how "male violence" is discussed in men's studies in religion. I do this to make projections about why trends in men's studies in religion regarding concepts about violence appear as they do. In the first chapter I attempt to present my theoretical and methodological bias. I locate my interpretation in Judith Butler's theories regarding performance and citation. I then present significant working definitions for the following chapters that remain consistent throughout the thesis. In the second chapter I present a literature review regarding men's studies in religion. I present French feminist ideas about God and masculinity as contributing to motivational ideologies in the field. I then identify mythopoetic and masculinist authors as producing the field's momentum. I lastly present a number of current authors and themes that show a central focus regarding a link between masculinities and violence in the field. In the third chapter I present a literature review about Lacan's psychoanalytic theories regarding the subject and signification. I begin by analyzing Lacan's primary sources in his two most substantial works: Ecrits and The Four Fundamental Concepts of Psycho-Analysis. I then explore how contemporary Lacanian theorists shift his ideas in productive and interesting ways. I lastly show how Lacanian signification can be used to interpret the ways in which authors who contribute to men's studies in religion signify such concepts as "masculinities" and "violence". In the fourth chapter I build upon a Lacanian theoretical model using a Foucauldian framework regarding institutional knowledge. I show how authors in men's studies in religion methodologically and implicitly cite a perceived institutional understanding about violence. Using Jeremy Carrette's focus on the importance of utterances in institutions, I will show that feminist ideologies compose "mechanisms of coercion" for authors who signify violence and masculinity. In the fifth chapter I combine Foucault's work concerning institutional knowledge with Lacan's theories about signification. I show that signification in men's studies in religion is coerced by a feminist re-definition regarding violence. I argue that this re-definition is best defined as Lacanian trauma, and that this trauma is so effective in the field because the traumatic event has to do with re-defining Jewish and Christian conceptions regarding God's masculinity. This thesis has implications for possible ways in which authors in men's studies in religion can approach violence in future work. This thesis composes, or highlights, a conversation between Lacanian psychoanalysis and studies about masculinity. The contribution is thus to two fields because it presents new avenues for discussion that are not yet explored, while drawing on current, relevant and productive work from significant contemporary authors.

Thesis (B.S.)-- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of General Science, 1924 [first author], and Thesis (B.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of General Engineering, 1924 [second author]. / Includes bibliographical references (leaf 29). / by Horacio Serrano Palma and Arthur M. Kallet. / B.S.

This dissertation investigates the relationship between social exchange and attributions within a non-negotiated exchange setting. Two general questions are the focus of attention in this effort to understand the relationship between social exchange and attributions. The first question investigates how the structure and process of exchange influences the internal/external attributions by actors. The second question investigates the influence of the internal/external dimension of causal attributions on exchange behavior. Hypotheses are developed about the effects of exchange on attributions, as well as the effects of attributions on exchange. The first question was addressed by using existing experimental data. To address the second question a new experiment was designed and conducted. Analyses of these experimental results investigate the link between social exchange and attributions.

This study examines the efficacy of Auditory Integration Training (AIT) as a means of perceptual training for adult native and nonnative speakers of English. AIT differs from other methods of auditory training that use either synthetic or human speech as the training stimulus, by using music as its stimulus. During AIT, the music can be altered in two ways. First, optional filters can be selected to eliminate specific frequencies. Second the music is always modulated at random by 20 dB during AIT. The effect of the filtering is that the music sounds less than clear and, from the modulation, the volume increases and decreases very quickly. Currently, this training method is used for children with a variety of language impairments, including hypersensitive hearing and learning disabilities. Developed by Berard (1993), it is considered an exercise of the perceptual system by its proponents who report improvement following AIT in both perception and production. The 43 participants in this study were native speakers of English, Japanese, and Korean and included both students and professors at the University of Arizona. The effect of perceptual training was evaluated by comparing performance in a pretest and posttest administered before and after AIT. Four tests were used: (1) Speech Perception in Noise (SPIN), (2) R-L word identification, (3) Synthetic /ra/-/la/ consonant discrimination, and (4) Synthetic /e/-/epsilon/ vowel discrimination. AIT was administered for one hour per day for 10 days. The first experiment examined the effect of AIT on monolingual English speakers. The results from the first experiment revealed significant improvement in the SPIN test, and changes in the synthetic /ra/-/la/ and /e/-/epsilon/ syllables. The second experiment examined the effect of AIT on native Japanese and Korean speakers and found one significant change---the manner in which native Japanese speakers categorized [e]. However, a control group of native English speakers who listened to unaltered music revealed improvements in the SPIN test similar to those in the first experiment. The improvements from AIT appear to be from the music itself and not from any filtering or modulation.

Twenty-one individuals diagnosed as having borderline personality disorder were studied to determine Jungian psychological type. All respondents were recruited through therapists working in the Tucson, Arizona area. Therapists were employed in both private and public mental health care sectors. The respondents were largely female (N = 19) white, and non-married. Due to the large percentage of females, only the female portion of the sample was used for comparison with other, all female populations. The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, Form F was used to determine psychological type. Respondents showed a higher incidence of introverted and intuitive types when compared to groups representing the general population. Compared to groups representing inpatient psychiatric populations, the study sample showed a larger incidence of intuitive types.