Ph.D. (Sport Management) / Sport and recreation are important in communities because of the pervasive influence they have on all different aspect of the society (Mohlamonyane, 2005). One of these pervasive influences is the way in which free time is spent. For individuals to spend their leisure time productively, some type of facility is necessary. The provision of a range of leisure facilities that could host a wide variety of activities may increase the quality of life for people (Lourens, 1990). The management of these facilities will also indirectly influence the utilisation of the facilities, as the enjoyment and utilisation of the experience is closely related to the manner in which the sport facility is being managed. With the international sporting arena opening up for South Africa, the need for qualified and competent sport facility managers has increased as professional and ordinary sport people need equipped facilities to train and to participate in. Not only are competent sport facility managers necessary to manage these sporting facilities, but with the increased emphasis on professional sport, recreational sport has also seen an increase in participants who need facilities to take part in their recreational activities. This has resulted in the need to have educational programmes in place to train personnel and students in the field of sport facility management...

M.Comm. / The world-wide professionalisation of sport has created an increasing need for trained sport managers. In the South African context, a variety of Sport Management Programmes exist but guidelines and recommendations for training specifically of the South African school sport manager have neither been set nor implemented. In the view of scarce resources, demands and challenges posed by the holistic development in the new outcomes based education the school sport manager needs to be trained. Therefore, it is necessary that research be done in this area to identify and describe the competencies of the school sport manager. The aim of the study is to describe the competencies of the school sport manager in order to provide guidelines and recommendations for appropriate education and training. To find possible solutions, the historical development (longitudinal) of sport and other means of physical participation as well as the development of children and the role the school plays in that development is explored and described. Different sociological theories informed the conceptual framework for contextual description and analysis. The competencies of the school sport manager, within a commercialized context, are described with reference to its functional components and professional requirements. The methodology includes structured self-administrated interviews, preceded by a self-designed questionnaire that was completed by 12 secondary school representatives. The results indicated that the management of school sport is especially varied, politicized and complex. There is a statistically meaningful difference between the required competencies of school sport managers and what is currently in place. Relative small differences in the requirements of the management competencies of school sport managers exist according to the focus of various sport codes. Various potential shortcomings with varying scope in the competencies of the school sport manager were identified in the survey. It would be possible for the school sport manager to acquire the necessary competencies through fundamental, core and elective contents and learning outcomes during Sport Management training. Guidelines and recommendations for future training are offered.

This study tested the job satisfaction of major market radio station general managers in the aftermath of deregulation. The study consisted of two phases, a quantitative, anonymous, mail survey utilizing the nationally recognized Job Descriptive Index (JDI); and a qualitative follow-up telephone interview. Of 246 general managers solicited, 144 returned usable JDI surveys. The JDI consisted of six separate scales, each measuring satisfaction on a different aspect of the job. The followup telephone interview comprised seven questions designed specifically to explore the effects of broadcast deregulation on the respondents. Two hypotheses were tested. The hypotheses tested for differences in job satisfaction scores between radio station general managers and the normative scores of individuals of similar education and job tenure in other industries. In most of the subscales tested there was no significant difference between the two groups. The qualitative telephone survey found widespread dissatisfaction with the effects of deregulation on the broadcast medium.

Thesis (PhD (Education )--University of Stellenbosch, 2003. / 355 leaves printed on single pages, preliminary pages i- xxiii and numbered pages 1-330. Includes bibliography and list of tables. Digitized at 600 dpi grayscale to pdf format (OCR), using a Bizhub 250 Konica Minolta Scanner. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The sporting environment in South Africa started changing drastically when professional sport increasingly became a reality after years of sporting isolation. As a result of these changes new career opportunities opened up because professionals were required to manage professional sport. These new professional sporting organisations are modelled on economically active businesses that require managers at all levels. Training institutions soon started offering programmes to train these so-called sports managers. Although there are specialists working in the sporting environment, the generic term "sports manager" is used to identify these individuals. The appropriate and sustainable training of sports managers forms the nucleus of the research in this study. Training programmes for sports managers are mostly offered at departments of human movement studies or sports science. This tended to create the impression that these training programmes are merely adapted human movement studies programmes that do not necessarily make provision for the professional sports management industry. The main purpose of this study was to design a curriculum framework for sport management training that is not only practice-oriented, but that also ensures sustainable programmes. To realise this, both an international and a national historical perspective on sport management training were researched. A description of a theoretical curriculum model with specific reference to current trends in education in South Africa was given. Furthermore it endeavoured to establish, from within the sporting industry, the knowledge and skills that are required for a career in sports management. From this information an attempt was made to suggest a curriculum framework so that appropriate and sustainable sports management training programmes can be offered. From a historical survey it became evident that sports management training programmes are in a relatively early development phase. An analysis of international programmes revealed that these programmes focus mainly on the economic and management activities in sports management organisations. Few instances were found where human movement studies constituted a prominent part of the contents of the programmes. However, the opposite was found to be true when South African programmes were reviewed. The majority of these programmes include components of human movement studies/sport science in their contents. Some of the programmes focus specifically on human movement studies/sport science and merely offer introductory modules on aspects of sports management. This study indicates the necessity for sports management training programmes in higher education to fit into specific structures in the South African education framework. New developments centred around the South African Qualifications Authority, the Higher Education Board and more specifically the National Qualifications Framework have been researched and applied to sports management training programmes. To place this study within the perspective of curriculum development, various models and methods of curriculum evaluation were explored. As a result of this a synoptic list was compiled to which sports management programmes may be required to comply. As part of the study a questionnaire review was conducted to indicate sports managers' knowledge and skills requirements in three levels of management. Guidelines were derived from this for generic contents of sports management programmes. It was also indicated that specialist functions exist within the sports management industry and that this phenomenon cannot merely be ignored by academic institutions when curricula are designed. These findings were used to suggest a possible framework for sports management curricula. In the light of a changing environment in South Africa and the development of the professional sports management industry, it is necessary that this framework should continuously be supplemented in a dynamic sporting environment. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die sportbedryf het in Suid-Afrika drasties begin verander toe beroepsport na jare van sportisolasie toenemend 'n werklikheid geword het. Uit hierdie veranderinge het daar nuwe beroepsmoontlikhede ontstaan deurdat professionele persone nodig was om professionele sport te bestuur. Hierdie nuwe professionele sportorganisasies is op die lees van ekonomies-aktiewe besighede geskoei wat beteken dat bestuurders op aile vlakke benodig is. Opleidingsinstellings het spoedig begin om programme aan te bied vir die opleiding van hierdie sogenaamde sportbestuurders. Alhoewel daar 'n verskeidenheid spesialiste in die sportomgewing werk, word die generiese term "sportbestuurder" gebruik om hierdie persone te identifiseer. Die toepaslike en volhoubare opleiding van sportbestuurders vorm die kern van ondersoek in hierdie studie. Opleidingsprogramme vir sportbestuuropleiding word meestal in departemente van menslike bewegingskunde of sportwetenskap aangebied, wat die vermoede laat ontstaan het dat hierdie programme slegs aangepaste menslike bewegingskundeprogramme is en nie noodwendig vir die volle spektrum van behoeftes van die professionele sportbestuurbedryf voorsiening maak nie. Die hoofdoel van hierdie studie was die daarstelling van 'n kurrikulumraamwerk vir sportbestuuropleiding wat nie net praktykgerig is nie, maar ook die volhoubaarheid van hierdie programme verseker. Om dit te verwesenlik, is daar gepoog om 'n internasionale en nasionale historiese perspektief oor sportbestuuropleiding daar te stel. 'n Teoretiese kurrikulummodel is beskryf met spesifieke verwysing na huidige onderwystendense in Suid-Afrika. Vervolgens is gepoog om vanuit die sportbedryf te bepaal wat die kennis- en vaardigheidsvereistes is wat die sportbestuurberoep aan individue stel. Uit hierdie gegewens is gepoog om 'n kurrikulumraamwerk te ontwerp ten einde 'n bydrae te maak tot die volhoubare en toepaslike voorsiening van sportbestuuropleiding. Uit 'n historiese oorsig het dit geblyk dat sportbestuuropleidingsprogramme in 'n relatief vroeë ontwikkelingsfase verkeer. Wat uit die ontleding van internasionale programme duidelik geblyk het, is dat hierdie programme veral op die ekonomiese en bestuursaktiwiteite van sportbestuurorganisasies gefokus is. Min gevalle is aangetref waar menslike bewegingskunde 'n prominente deel van die programinhoud uitmaak. Daar is egter bevind dat die teendeel grootliks waar is van programme in Suid-Afrika. Die meerderheid van die programme het wel komponente van menslike bewegingskunde/sportwetenskap as deel van die inhoud. Sommige programme fokus spesifiek op menslike bewegingskunde/sportwetenskap en bied sportbestuuraspekte slegs as inleidende modules aan. Die studie toon aan dat dit noodsaaklik is om sportbestuuropleidingsprogramme in hoër onderwys binne spesifieke strukture in die Suid-Afrikaanse opvoedingsraamwerk in te pas. Ontwikkelinge rondom die Suid-Afrikaanse Kwalifikasie-owerheid, die Hoër Onderwysraad en meer spesifiek die Nasionale Kwalifikasieraamwerk is ondersoek in die lig van moontlike toepassings op sportbestuurprogramme. Om die studie binne die perspektief van kurrikulumontwikkeling te plaas, is ondersoek ingestel na verskillende modelle en metodes van kurrikulumevaluering. Hieruit is 'n oorsiglys waaraan sportbestuurprogramme moontlik beoordeel kan word, saamgestel. 'n Vraelysondersoek is benut ten einde kennis- en vaardigheidsvereistes van sportbestuurders op drie bestuursvlakke aan te toon. Riglyne ten opsigte van generiese inhoude vir sportbestuurprogramme is hieruit verkry. Daar is ook aangetoon dat spesialisfunksies binne die sportbestuurbedryf bestaan en dat hierdie verskynsel tydens kurrikulumontwerp nie sonder meer deur akademiese instellings geignoreer kan word nie. Hierdie bevindinge is gebruik om 'n moontlike raamwerk vir sportbestuurkurrikula voor te stel. In die lig van 'n veranderende samelewing in Suid-Afrika en die ontwikkeling van die professionele sportbestuurbedryf is dit noodsaaklik dat hierdie raamwerk in 'n dinamiese sportomgewing voortdurend aangevul word.