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Plasticity of consumer-prey interactions in the sea chemical signaling, consumer learning, and ecological consequences /Long, Jeremy Dillon. January 2004 (has links) (PDF)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005. / Hay, Mark, Committee Chair ; Dusenbery, David, Committee Member ; Kubanek, Julia, Committee Member ; Paffenhofer, Gustav-Adolf, Committee Member ; Yen, Jeannette, Committee Member. Includes bibliographical references.
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Genotype by environment interaction estimated by using reaction normsMaricle, Elizabeth Ann. January 2008 (has links)
Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2008. / The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on August 13, 2009) Includes bibliographical references.
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Life history divergence and population structure of New Zealand chinook salmon : a study of contemporary microevolution /Kinnison, M. T. January 1999 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 1999. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 124-141).
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Cellular events conditioned by the Np gene of Pisum sativum L. in response to reduced UV light, weevil oviposition, and bruchins /Ketter, Ann P. January 1900 (has links)
Thesis (M.S.)--Oregon State University, 2007. / Printout. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 60-64). Also available on the World Wide Web.
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The isolation and genotypic characterisation of Campylobacter jejuni from environmental matrices : a thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Microbiology in the University of Canterbury /Devane, P. M. L. January 2006 (has links)
Thesis (M. Sc.)--University of Canterbury, 2006. / Typescript (photocopy). Includes bibliographical references (p. 169-200). Also available via the World Wide Web.
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Marker density, marker distribution and QTL-by-environment interaction in QTL mappingXing, Liqun, 1962- January 1999 (has links)
No description available.
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Estimation of genotype-environment interaction using genomic reaction norm and analysis of gene network for reproductive traits in Nellore cattle /Mota, Lúcio Flávio Macêdo. January 2019 (has links)
Orientador: Lucia Galvão de Albuquerque / Banca: Mário Luiz Santana Júnior / Banca: Fernando Sebastian Baldi Rey / Banca: Ana Fabrícia Braga Magalhães / Banca: Roberto Carvalheiro / Abstract: Genotype-environment (GxE) interactions could be an important source of variation in reproductive traits with a striking effect on the onset of animal puberty. Thus, the objectives of the present study were: i) to assess the GxE interaction in Nellore sexual precocity indicator traits under different environmental conditions (EC) and ii) to identify, genomic regions and biological pathways associated to Nellore sexual precocity indicator traits and to investigate whether their effects changes according to EC levels. Phenotypic records for age at first calving (AFC), heifer early pregnancy (HP), heifer rebreeding (HR) and scrotal circumference (SC) were collected on 128,994; 85,339; 90,831 and 151,053 animals, respectively. From those, 1800 heifers, 3050 young bulls, and 800 sires were genotyped with BovineHD BeadChip. A reaction norm model was used to estimate the animal's response to environmental conditions changes. To assess the predictive ability the younger scheme and environment-specific scheme were used. For genome-wide scan, the SNP effects for reproductive traits were estimated in three EC levels: Low (EC = -3.0), Medium (EC = 0.0) and High (EC = 3.0) using a linear transformation of the genomic breeding values. The pleiotropic regions associated to reproductive traits (AFC, SC, HP and HR) in three EC levels, were identified using the statistical combination of the single-trait GWAS results and considered significant when -log10(p-valor)>6.0. The inclusion of genomic... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Resumo: A interação genótipo-ambiente (GxE) pode ser uma importante fonte de variação em características reprodutivas com um efeito notável no início da puberdade animal. Desta forma, os objetivos do presente estudo foram: i) Avaliar a interação GxE em características indicadores de precocidade sexual em animais da raça Nelore em diferentes condições ambientais (EC) e ii) identificar regiões genômicas e vias biológicas associadas a características indicadores de precocidade sexual e verificar se seus efeitos mudam de acordo com os níveis de EC. Informações fenotípicas para idade ao primeiro parto (AFC), ocorrência de prenhez precoce (HP), reconcepção de novilhas (HR) e perímetro escrotal (SC), foram coletados em 128.994, 85.339, 90.831 e 151.053 animais, respectivamente. Destes, 1800 novilhas, 3050 touros jovens e 800 touros foram genotipados com BovineHD BeadChip. Um modelo de norma de reação foi usado para estimar a resposta do animal às mudanças nas condições ambientais. Para avaliar a capacidade preditiva, foram utilizados os esquemas de validação em animais jovens e em ambiente específico. Para varredura genômica ampla os efeitos dos marcadores SNP para as características reprodutivas foram estimados em três níveis de EC Baixo (EC = -3.0), Médio (EC = 0.0) e Alto (EC = 3.0) usando uma transformação linear dos valores genômicos genéticos. As regiões pleiotrópicas associadas com características reprodutivas (AFC, SC, HP e HR) em três EC foram identificadas utilizando a combinação ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Doutor
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Desempenho agronômico, adaptabilidade e estabilidade de genótipos precoces de soja /Selestrino, Paulo Rogério. January 2018 (has links)
Orientador: Sandra Helena Unêda Trevisoli / Banca: Ivana Marino Bárbaro Torneli / Banca: Viviane Formice Vianna / Resumo: A soja constitui-se na principal oleaginosa cultivada no mundo. Neste contexto, o Brasil se destaca como o segundo maior produtor mundial do grão. Dentre os muitos desafios encontrados pelo melhoramento genético, um dos principais está relacionado com a variação ambiental, que muitas vezes dificulta a seleção e recomendação de genótipos superiores. Sendo assim, faz-se necessário que os ensaios experimentais sejam conduzidos em vários ambientes, por vários anos para que possa ser analisado o comportamento quanto a adaptabilidade e estabilidade, visando futuras recomendações. Neste contexto, o objetivo do presente estudo consistiu em avaliar a desempenho agronômico, a adaptabilidade e estabilidade de genótipos de soja precoces. Os experimentos foram instalados em dois locais, a saber: localidade de Jaboticabal nos anos agrícolas 2012/2013, 2013/2014, 2015/2016 e 2016/2017 e localidade Piracicaba nos anos agrícolas 2014/2015 e 2015/2016. O delineamento utilizado foi de blocos ao acaso com três repetições. Foram avaliados os caracteres agronômicos número de dias para a maturidade e produtividade de grãos. Para estimar a adaptabilidade e estabilidade dos genótipos avaliados, foi utilizada a metodologia de Eberhart e Russell (1966). Desta maneira, foi possível detectar os genótipos mais responsivos e adaptados às regiões de cultivo. Para o caráter produtividade de grãos, merecem destaque os genótipos 4, 6,11, 26, 27, 29 e 34, sendo linhagens pertencentes ao programa de melhoramento... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Soy is the main oilseed crop in the world. In this context, Brazil stands out as the world's second largest producer of grain. Among the many challenges encountered by genetic improvement, one of the main challenges is related to environmental variation, which often hinders the selection and recommendation of higher genotypes. Thus, it is necessary that the experimental tests be conducted in several environments, for several years so that behavior can be analyzed for adaptability and stability, aiming at future recommendations. In this context, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the agronomic performance, adaptability and stability of early soybean genotypes. The experiments were installed in two locations, namely: Jaboticabal locality in the agricultural years 2012/2013, 2013/2014, 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 and locality Piracicaba in the agricultural years 2014/2015 and 2015/2016. The experimental design was a randomized block design with three replications. The agronomic characters were evaluated for the number of days for grain maturity and yield. To estimate the adaptability and stability of the evaluated genotypes, the methodology of Eberhart and Russell (1966) was used. In this way, it was possible to detect the genotypes more responsive and adapted to the growing regions. For grain yield, genotypes 4, 6, 11, 26, 27, 29 and 34 deserve special mention, being strains belonging to the soybean breeding program of UNESP Jaboticabal, all with averages above the ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre
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Estresse térmico sobre a predição de valores genéticos para características de produção e qualidade do leite de vacas Holandesas / Heat stress on breeding value prediction for production traits and milk quality of Holstein cowsSalvian, Mayara 16 December 2015 (has links)
A raça Holandesa apresenta alto rendimento na produção de leite, por isto, diversos países têm optado pela importação de sêmen para substituir as raças leiteiras locais. Esta estratégia seria eficaz se o sêmen importado fosse utilizado nas mesmas circunstâncias em que foram selecionados. Caso exista interação genótipo ambiente significativa, é esperada uma nova classificação dos touros, porém se o efeito da interação genótipo ambiente não é levada em consideração, os valores genéticos preditos (EBVs) podem ser tendenciosos, reduzindo a resposta de seleção. Diante disso, os objetivos deste trabalho foram comparar modelos de diferentes ordens de ajuste por meio de funções polinomiais de Legendre, utilizando modelos de regressão aleatória e estimar os coeficientes de herdabilidade para os teores de gordura, proteína, ácido graxo saturado, ácido graxo insaturado, e produção de leite. Além de estimar o valor genético dos animais, sob a interferência do estresse térmico. Foram utilizadas informações fenotípicas coletadas mensalmente ao longo da lactação e modelos com polinômios ortogonais de Legendre de primeira a sexta ordem, para verificar a interferência de estresse térmico, foram utilizadas informações de temperatura e umidade do dia de coleta. Os modelos que melhor se ajustaram foram os de primeira e segunda ordem. As estimativas de herdabilidade variaram de 0,02 a 0,52 para teor de gordura; de 0,03 a 0,63 para teor de proteína; de 0,05 a 0,63 para ácido graxo saturado; de 0,019 a 0,364 para ácido graxo insaturado e de 0,133 a 0,390 para produção de leite nos diferentes modelos estudados. As estimativas de valores genéticos variaram de -0,5 a 0,5 em ambiente sem estresse térmico e de -0,2 a 0,2 em ambiente com estresse térmico para o teor de gordura; de -0,4 a 0,4 para ambiente sem estresse térmico e de -0,2 a 0,2 em ambiente com estresse térmico para o teor de proteína; de -0,3 a 0,3 em ambiente sem estresse térmico e de -0,2 a 0,2 em ambiente com estresse térmico para ácido graxo saturado; de -0,1 a 0,1 em ambiente sem estresse térmico e de -0,1 a 0,1 em ambiente com estresse térmico para ácido graxo insaturado e de - 6 a 6 em ambiente sem estresse térmico e de -2 e 2 em ambiente com estresse térmico para produção de leite. De acordo com os resultados, as herdabilidades indicam que o teor de gordura, proteína, ácido graxo saturado produção de leite podem ser utilizados como critério de seleção. Com o uso de informações de temperatura e umidade do ar, foi possível verificar a presença de interação genótipo ambiente para teor de gordura, proteína, ácido graxo saturado e produção de leite aos 205 dias em lactação. / Due to the high milk production of Holstein cattle, many countries have chosen to import semen to replace local dairy breeds. This strategy would be effective if these semen was used in the same circumstances in which they were selected. However, if there is significant genotype environment interaction, it is expected a new bulls ranking, but if the effect of genotype environment interaction is not considered, the estimated breeding values (EBVs) may be tendentious, reducing the selection response. The objectives of this study were estimate breeding value under heat stress and heritability coefficients, and also to compare models of different adjustment orders through Legendre polynomials, using random regression models for fat, protein, saturated fatty acid, unsaturated fatty acid and milk production. There were used phenotypic information collected monthly through the lactation period and Legendre orthogonal polynomials models from the first to sixth order. To verify the interference of heat stress, there was used temperature and humidity information on the day of the evaluation was performed. The first and second order models were the ones that better fitted. Heritability estimates were from 0.02 to 0.52 for fat; 0.03 to 0.63 for protein; 0.05 to 0.63 for saturated fatty acid; 0.019 to 0.364 for unsaturated fatty acid and 0.133 to 0.390 for milk production on the different models tested. Estimates of the genetic value were from -0.5 to 0.5 on environment without heat stress and -0.2 to 0.2 on environment with heat stress for fat; -0.4 to 0.4 on environment without heat stress and -0.2 to 0.2 on environment with heat stress for protein; -0.3 to 0.3 on environment without heat stress and -0.2 to 0.2 on environment with heat stress for saturated fatty acid; -0.1 to 0.1 on environment without heat stress and of -0.8 to 0.8 on environment with heat stress for unsaturated fatty acid; -6 to 6 on environment without heat stress and -2 to 2 on environment with heat stress for milk production. The heritability indicates that the fat, protein, saturated fatty acid and milk production can be used as selection criteria. With the use of temperature and humidity information, it was possible to verify the presence of genotype environment interaction for fat, protein, saturated fatty acid and milk production at 205 days in milk.
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Genotype by environment interactions in soybean for agronomic traits and nodule formationMagagane, Tshepo Gordene January 2011 (has links)
Thesis (M.Sc. Agriculture (Crop Science)) -- University of Limpopo, 2011 / The nature and magnitude of the genotype by environment interactions is important to identify superior and stable genotypes under the target environments. This will assist to maximize specific adaptation and to speed up the transfer of new cultivars to growers. The objective of this study was to determine the stability of selected soybean genotypes with regards to the agronomic traits, high yield and nodule formation. Field experiments were conducted under dryland conditions during the 2007/2008 and 2008/2009 growing seasons at the University of Limpopo’s experimental farm (Syferkuil) and at a farmer’s field at Gabaza community, Mopani District near Tzaneen. Ten selected soybean cultivars were evaluated under a randomised complete block design with three replications. Stability was assessed via joint regression and superiority analyses. Significant differences were found for genotypes, environments and genotype by environment interactions. Stability analysis after Eberhart and Russell’s model suggested that the genotypes showed marked differences to environmental changes. The cultivar superiority measure for seed yield indicated that variety Clark was the most stable genotype with an average yield of 5235 kg/ha, followed by L81-4858 and Barc-2 that provided average yield of 4839 kg/ha and 4582 kg/ha, respectively. In terms of number of nodules Magoye was observed to be stable with average of five nodules per plant. Cultivar Barc-2 was found stable for number of active nodules with an average of 3.17 active nodules per plant. Most of the genotypes performed better at Syferkuil than at Gabaza. In general Barc-2 was found stable for yield and other agronomic traits considered in this study. This variety could be suitable for large scale production in these or other similar environments in Limpopo Province.
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