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The aim of the diploma thesis was to compare performance of breed Czech Golden Spotted Hen originating from different breeders, which were housed both in MTD Ústrašice and in sub-optimal conditions in backyards. The aim was also to evaluate differences in egg quality (egg index, egg weight, weight, proportion and color of yolk, weight, proportion, color and strength of eggshell and Haugh units) among the breeders. Individual laying intensity was observed too. The last part of the thesis compares growing intensity in rearing period in Czech Golden Spotted Hen, Polish Green Feet Hen and hybrids Dominant in sub-optimal condition.

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This thesis deals with the topic of genetically modified crops and possibilities of their use in the Czech Republic. The attitude of randomly selected group of Czech citizens toward this technology was evaluated by using the method of semi-standardized interviews and questionnaires. The aim of this work was to document actual situation related to GMO and other usage of modified crops in the Czech Republic. From the results it can be seen that the interest of agricultural subjects regarding mentioned technology is decreasing rapidly. The awareness of respondents was mostly of negative character due to confusion about its effects on human health and the environment. On the contrary the scientific community sees the main problem in environmental and biodiversity threats. Due to the lack of long-term scientific researches it is currently impossible to confirm or disprove advantages or disadvantages brought by this technology. Thus further conclusive scientific studies are needed.

The Breast cancer gene 1 (BRCA1) codes for nuclear phosphoprotein with a key function in the regulation of DNA damage response. The BRCA1 protein contributes to the formation and regulation of protein supercomplexes that participates on the DNA double-strand break repair. These protein supercomplexes are formed by the protein-protein interactions between highly conservative protein motives in BRCA1 and its binding partners. Except to the wild type form of BRCA1 mRNA containing entire set of 22 exons coding for the 220 kD protein, numerous alternative splicing variants (ASVs) BRCA1 mRNA has been described. These ASVs code for BRCA1 isoforms lacking several critical functional domains. It has been proposed, that formation of BRCA1's ASVs represent a tool for regulation of BRCA1 function. Only poorly has been characterized a complex catalogue of in various human tissues and their expression. This study aims to address these questions. We optimized the identification of BRCA1's ASVs including those covering the entire transcripts of the wt BRCA1 mRNA with length exceeding 5.5 kb. In further analysis, we characterized 13 BRCA1's ASVs in RNA samples isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNC) obtained from patients with breast cancer (BC) and control subjects. The majority of the identified...

Title: Multidimensional statistics and applications to study genes Author: Mgr. Peter Bubelíny Department: Department of probability and mathematical statistics Supervisor: prof. Lev Klebanov, DrSc., KPMS MFF UK Abstract: Microarray data of gene expressions consist of thousands of genes and just some tens of observations. Moreover, genes are highly correlated between themselves and contain systematic errors. Hence the magnitude of these data does not afford us to estimate their correlation structure. In many statistical problems with microarray data, we have to test some thousands of hypotheses simultaneously. Due to dependence between genes, p-values of these hypotheses are dependent as well. In this work, we compared conve- nient multiple testing procedures reasonable for dependent hypotheses. The common manner to make microarray data more uncorrelated and partially eliminate systematic errors is normalizing them. We proposed some new normalizations and studied how different normalizations influence hypothe- ses testing. Moreover, we compared tests for finding differentially expressed genes or gene sets and identified some interesting properties of some tests such as bias of two-sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and interesting behav- ior of Hotelling's test for dependent components of observations. In the end of...

miRNAs are small regulatory RNAs, which function as post-transcriptional mRNA regulators. They direct ribonucleoprotein complexes to cognate mRNA to repress them by translational inhibition and degradation. miRNAs regulate thousands of mRNAs in mammals and have been recognized as regulatory factors in most cellular and developmental processes. Dysregulation of the miRNA pathway can lead to severe defects and diseases. Interestingly, a unique situation exists in mouse oocytes, where all the miRNA pathway components are present, yet the pathway is dispensable and nonfunctional, the molecular foundation of this phenomenon and its significance still remain unclear. In spite of the pronounced effects of the miRNA pathway in gene regulation in somatic cells, study strategies of the pathway bare limitations. Current methods for studying the activity of the miRNA pathway employ corelative studies (such as NGS) or reporter assays, which have relatively low throughput and are prone to artifacts. Here, I present design and development of a new strategy for directly monitor global miRNA pathway activity and integrity in near physiological conditions in living cells, which could also be employed in vivo for studies of mouse oocytes. The strategy is based on fluorescently tagged endogenous proteins of the...

In this thesis analyzes the problem of possible uses and cultivation of emmer and its suitability for cultivation in organic farming. It is solved by creating revenue emmer just in terms of organic farming. It has also been solved by making a survey of varieties and varieties of emmer across Europe. In this work are summarized practical knowledge gained from field experiments were conducted with wheat genetic resources in terms of organic farming on habitats in the Czech Budejovice in South Bohemia area. All varieties used in an attempt to come from the Gene Bank in VÚRV in Prague-Ruzyne. The experiments were varieties of wheat and emmer wheat.